What is Energy? Energy is the power source that people use to meet human wants and needs There are...
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Unit 6- Canada's Energy Resources
What is Energy? Energy is the power source that people use to meet human wants and needs There are two main sources of energy: 1.Renewable: wave energy
What is Energy? Energy is the power source that people use to
meet human wants and needs There are two main sources of energy:
1.Renewable: wave energy 2.Non-renewable: oil and gas
Slide 3
We are energy addicts! We are among the biggest users of energy
per person in the entire world
Slide 4
Slide 5
Did you Know? Energy resources are not evenly distributed
across: the globe? Canada? Because resources are not evenly
distributed across Canada, our country has regional disparities
Consider: Which parts of Canada are abundant with resources?
Slide 6
Canadas Energy Resources
Slide 7
Slide 8
The demand for energy has increased over time due to: 1.Climate
2.Technology 3.Increases in population
Slide 9
How do we use energy? Warming and cooling our homes Cooking,
bathing, cleaning, entertainment Transportation, communication,
manufacturingeven when we sleep! Other?
Slide 10
How much energy do we use? One of the reasons we are among the
greatest energy consumers in the world is for heating our homes and
running our industries As our standard of living increases, so does
our use of energy Each time we use more energy, we are having a
greater impact on the world in which we live
Slide 11
Have a Look!
Slide 12
What are our sources of Energy? Canada is blessed with many
more resources than we need! We are the envy of much of the world
for our abundant energy supplies We have abundant sources of Oil,
Natural Gas, Coal, Hydro power, and Nuclear Energy sources
Slide 13
We have so much energy, much of our wealth comes from selling
our energy resources to other countries Much of this Canadas coal
energy resource is shipped to Asia because of its ability to
produce large amounts of energy per tonne
Slide 14
Types of Energy: Coal We have an abundance of coal..it is still
used to power our largest energy plants Coal is burned in these
plants to produce electricity Coke a substance made from coal is
used in the smelting of steel
Slide 15
The coal industry generates $5 billion annually to our economy.
Most of Canada's coal mining occurs in the West of the
country.
Slide 16
British Columbia operates 10 coal mines, Alberta 9,
Saskatchewan 3 and New Brunswick one. Nova Scotia operates several
small-scale mines, Westray having closed following the 1992
disaster there
Slide 17
Types of Coal Mining 1. Open pit mining coal is simply dug off
the surface of the earth 2. Strip mining this removes coal that is
in the ground in horizontal layers 3. Underground mining shafts and
tunnels are used to gain access to coal deep underground
Slide 18
What Type of Coal Mine?
Slide 19
Problems with coal Coal is becoming less popular because of the
pollution it creates Coal releases much more carbon than either oil
or gas This huge amount of additional carbon increases the amount
of greenhouse gasses in the air Coal also contributes to acid rain
and smog
Slide 20
Video: Coal Mining in Canada
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jINnmnIa9W8
Slide 21
Oil Energy Oil is found throughout the lower layers of the
earth's crust Oil is in every aspect of our livesfrom making the
products we use to powering the machinery that grows the food we
eat
Slide 22
Almost all industry would stop without oil! Oil is like coal it
is non-renewable once it is all gone, we cannot make more
Slide 23
Natural Gas Energy Natural gas is found just under a non-porous
rock called caprock. It is usually found above oil and is extracted
first used in some home heating, some power plants and some
cars
Slide 24
It is transported by pipeline because it is unstable and highly
explosive It is fairly inexpensive, produces less greenhouse gas
than coal or oil, and produces less carbon dioxide
Slide 25
Hydroelectric Energy Hydroelectric energy powers most of our
homes and many of our industries Large rivers are dammed and water
is run through a turbine, producing electricity
Slide 26
Canada has more hydroelectric power than any country in the
world! Although it does not produce greenhouse gasses, it floods
large areas of land, destroying habitat for animals and plant
life
Nuclear Energy We thought we had solved our problems solved
with this type of energy It produces no smog, no greenhouse gasses
or any other type or air pollution The fuel used to make this
energy is called uraniumwhich is cheap and abundant But,
construction costs are very high; plants become obsolete and are
expensive to dismantle Fuel rods heat water to turn it into steam
to power the turbines
Slide 29
Nuclear Energy (continued) These fuel rods contain radioactive
radium, and must be stored in water on site when they are depleted
these rods are potentially very dangerous if exposed to the air Any
accident could have disastrous results for all life on earth if
these roads are exposed in any way There have been so many safety
measures put in place that now this energy is very expensive to
produce
Slide 30
Video: Nuclear Energy https://youtu.be/d7LO8lL4Ai4
Slide 31
Canadian Energy Resources and the World We sell much of our
excess energy to the United States This is very profitable for us,
but they are our biggest customer - if they stop or slow their
buying, our energy sector suffers, which hurts our economy Energy
is big in the politics of the country Many provinces have excess
energy, many have none Some provinces are not anxious to share
their energy wealth with others
Slide 32
Climate Change Climate change includes the warming of the
earth, but also includes cooling in some parts of the world and
changes in precipitation amounts and wind intensity The entire
earth is on a carbon-oxygen cycle This is simply the movement of
carbon and oxygen throughout the earths systems
Slide 33
Simply putsome organisms use the carbon dioxide we breath out,
while we use the oxygen produced by plants as we breath in As we
remove the oxygen producing plant life, we increase the carbon
dioxide on the earth and decrease the amount of oxygen available to
us
Slide 34
Why Temperatures are Rising? Most agree the Earth s temperature
is rising The huge debate comes down to what you believe is the
cause Global warming refers to the gradual increase of the earths
temperature as a whole
Slide 35
Many believe the burning of fossil fuels is causing global
warming Others believe it is the result of natural processes
Slide 36
Slide 37
Effects of interrupting the cycle Our human activities, such as
burning forests, coal, oil and natural gas adds more carbon dioxide
to different parts of the system; adds more carbon dioxide to the
atmosphere than plants and oceans can remove This leads to an
increase in the Greenhouse Effect
Slide 38
This is the process or effect where these extra gases in the
atmosphere absorb heat and spread it around the earth The gases
involved are Carbon Dioxide (55%), Methane (15%), Nitrous Oxides
(6%), and CFCs (24%)
Slide 39
You decide Video: The Great Global Warming Swindle
Slide 40
Alternate Sources 1. Wind Power We have had wind power for
centuries using it to power pumps to pump water, or as power for
sails to move shipping. The big issue with wind power is storing
excess power, and what to do when winds are lower In addition, wind
power is expensive to set up at the beginning
Slide 41
2. Geothermal power which is heat from under the Earth 3.
Biogas power, Ethanol Power, Hydrogen fuel cells and Tidal
power
Slide 42
Alternative Energy Sources 4. Solar power All of our energy
ultimately comes from the sun, but we do not harness its true power
for our energy needs We have used Passive Solar power for thousands
of years - heat from the sun comes in through our windows as an
example. We need to use Active Solar Power -this is the use of
solar panels to heat water that runs through tubes on the roof of a
building There are also Photovoltaic cells these convert sunlight
directly into electricity.
Slide 43
Making a Difference What can governments do to reduce the
output of greenhouse gases? What can we do as individuals? As a
school? As a province? (discussion here of how we can reduce
greenhouse gases)
Slide 44
Greenhouse Effect These gases and the atmosphere are like a
thick quilt on a bed, spreading heat throughout the earth We need
the greenhouse effect to survive.surprising right? The greenhouse
effect keeps us warm and sustains lifebut by adding more and more
gases, we are making the earth too warm, as these gases trap more
and more heat What causes these gases?we do! Almost every activity
we do increases the amount of greenhouse gas
Slide 45
Consequences of Global Warming Why should you care? We live in
a cold climate, bring on the heat right? Not so fast.any change
like this over a short period of time disrupts natural and human
systems Effects of Global Warming: Sea ice melts faster, removing
habitats for many animals such as polar bears, seals, other animals
and some fish Northern permafrost disappears, damaging human
structures and releasing more greenhouse gases, increasing the
greenhouse effect
Slide 46
Global Warming (Continued) In our region, we can expect more
storms, both in frequency and severity We can expect increased
precipitation, and mosquitoes and black flies will exist in
increasing numbers, possibly leading to more diseases, such as West
Nile virus Sea levels will also rise, causing more coastal erosion
and disruptions of coastal structures such as wharves and shipping
terminals
Slide 47
Video: Canadas Energy https://youtu.be/8hSOx3K1qDg
Slide 48
Canadas Energy Resources and the World We sell much of our
energy Most of our exports are to the USA If the USA slows down, or
stops buying, there is a negative impact on our economy Canada sell
oil, natural gas and hydroelectricity to the USA
Slide 49
Most if the energy resources are controlled by the provinces
and territories
Slide 50
Canadas Energy Corridors
Slide 51
Energy Resources and Politics Energy is big in the politics of
the country. Why? because they are so profitable and important to
our everyday lives Many provinces have excess energy, many have
none Some provinces are not anxious to share their energy wealth
with others
Slide 52
Since energy resources are controlled by the provinces, the
revenue stays within the provinces, rather than across the nation.
Not all provinces, such as New Brunswick, have large energy
production. They are forced to trade for it.
Slide 53
Regional Disparities: The Not So Even Split On the Canadian
political stage, energy is an important factor. Why? Because energy
is $ Quebec and Ontario have dominated for most of Canadas
existence as an independent nation. Most of the trade, and economic
power of the country, came from these two provinces.
Slide 54
With Alberta, and the energy rich west, a political shift is
beginning to occur, where that power is moving westward. There is
however even slight pull from the east, with Newfoundland's own oil
production.
Slide 55
Politics Continued The politics of energy extends beyond our
provinces. Resources are of international concern Currently Canada
is disputing claims to the Arctic with the USA, Russia, Norway and
Denmark CBC news video: Arctic Resources Claims.
http://www.cbc.ca/player/News/TV+Shows/The+Natio
nal/Politics/ID/2422788787/
http://www.cbc.ca/player/News/TV+Shows/The+Natio
nal/Politics/ID/2422788787/