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Unit 2 – Alchemy and Matter

‘What is Chemistry? Video What is chemistry? What are some ways chemistry affects our lives – what is it used for?

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Unit 2 Alchemy and Matter

Unit 2 Alchemy and MatterWhat is Chemistry? VideoWhat is chemistry?What are some ways chemistry affects our lives what is it used for?AlchemyA Penny for your thoughts!Why do you think alchemists wanted to turn ordinary things into gold?Were they successful?Do you think it is possible now to turn metal into gold?

DEMO!!!! Penny for your ThoughtsSimilar to alchemistsGather evidence (observations!)Wrap UpWhat did you observe?What do you think happened to turn the penny silver?What do you think happened to turn the penny gold?Do you think we made real gold? How could you fined out?

Intro to MatterHow do you think studying matter can help us decide if we can turn a penny into gold?ActivityChemistry is the study of matter.Begin investigation by defining matter.You will answer the question, What is matter?When you have finished ALL of worksheet send one person from your group to put definition on the board.Intro to Matter Wrap UpWhich items are clearly matter?What are the properties of matter you came up with?Which items are clearly NOT matterWhich items are up for discussion?If an item is NOT matter, what is it?Definitions of matter.Do you think air is matter? Why or why not? (HOMEWORK)

CHEMISTRYTHE STUDY OF MATTER, ITS CHANGES AND THE ENERGY ASSOCIATED WITH ITMATTER -ANYTHING THAT HAS MASS AND TAKES UP SPACEMATTERSUBSTANCESCompoundsElementsMIXTURESHomogeneous (Solutions)HeterogeneousMATTERMATTERSUBSTANCESSUBSTANCE -MATTER THAT HAS A DEFINITE COMPOSITION; ALSO KNOWN AS A CHEMICAL

MATTERSUBSTANCESCompoundsElementsELEMENT -A PURE SUBSTANCE THAT CANNOT BE BROKEN DOWN NTO SIMPLER SUBSTANCES BY PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL MEANSELEMENT CONSISTS OF ONLY ONE KIND OF ATOMS, Al, Au, Na, HeCOMPOUND -A CHEMICAL COMBINATION OF TWO OR MORE DIFFERENT ELEMENTSCAN BE BROKEN DOWN INTO SIMPLER SUBSTANCES BY CHEMICAL MEANSHAS DIFFERENT PROPERTIES THAN ITS COMPONENT ELEMENTS

Rust (FeO), Salt (NaCl),Water (H2O)

Separate Elements X and Y

Mixture of Elements X and Y

Compounds of Elements X and Y

16MATTERSUBSTANCESCompoundsElementsMIXTURESMIXTURES -A PHYSICAL BLEND OF TWO OR MORE SUBSTANCES IN ANY PROPORTION IN WHICH EACH SUBSTANCE RETAINS ITS INDIVIDUAL PROPERTIESCAN BE SEPARATED BY PHYSICAL MEANS

MATTERSUBSTANCESCompoundsElementsMIXTURESHomogeneous (Solutions)HeterogeneousHETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE -A MIXTURE THAT DOES NOT HAVE A UNIFORM COMPOSITION AND IN WHICH THE INDIVIDUAL SUBSTANCE REMAINS DISTINCT Chicken Noodle Soup, Italian Dressing, Chocolate Chip Ice Cream

HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE -SOLUTIONMIXTURE THAT HAS A UNIFORM COMPOSITION THROUGHOUGHT AND ALWAYS HAS A SINGLE PHASESoda, Air, Chocolate Ice Cream

Which is it?ElementCompoundMixture22Element, Compound or Mixture ?23Element, Compound or Mixture ?Element24Element, Compound or Mixture ?25Element, Compound or Mixture ?Element26Element, Compound or Mixture ?27Element, Compound or Mixture ?Mixture28Element, Compound or Mixture ?29Element, Compound or Mixture ?Mixture30Element, Compound or Mixture ?31Element, Compound or Mixture ?Compound32Element, Compound or Mixture ?33Element, Compound or Mixture ?Compound34Element, Compound or Mixture ?35Element, Compound or Mixture ?A mixture of a compound and an elementLast slide36NUTS AND BOLTS ACTIVITYCHEMISTRYTHE STUDY OF MATTER, ITS CHANGES AND THE ENERGY ASSOCIATED WITH ITHOW DO WE DESCRIBE MATTER AND ITS CHANGES?PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL PROPERTIESPHYSICAL/CHEMICAL ENERGYMATTER -ANYTHING THAT HAS MASS AND TAKES UP SPACEPHYSICAL PROPERTY-A CHARACTERISTIC OF MATTER THAT CAN BE OBSERVED OR MEASURED WITHOUT CHANGING THE SAMPLES COMPOSITION

EXAMPLES:PHYSICAL PROPERTY-DENSITYCOLORTASTEHARDNESSMELTING POINTMALLEABILITYSOLUBILITY

CHEMICAL PROPERTY-THE ABILITY OR INABILITY OF A SUBSTANCE TO COMBINE WITH OR CHANGE INTO ONE OR MORE NEW SUBSTANCES

EXAMPLES:CHEMICAL PROPERTIESRUSTSDECOMPOSESFORMS GREEN COMPOUNDFLAMMABILITY

PHYSICAL CHANGEA TYPE OF CHANGE THAT ALTERS THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF A SUBSTANCE BUT DOES NOT CHANGE ITS COMPOSITION EXAMPLES OF PHYSICAL CHANGES-CUTTINGRIPPINGGRINDINGDISSOLVINGMELTINGFREEZINGEVAPORATIONCONDENSATION

CHEMICAL CHANGEA PROCESS INVOLVING ONE OR MORE SUBSTANCES CHANGING INTO NEW SUBSTANCES; ALSO CALLED A CHEMICAL REACTIONEXAMPLES OF CHEMICAL CHANGES-COMBUSTIONDECOMPOSITIONCORROSIONRUSTING

EVIDENCE OF CHEMICAL CHANGE-1. COLOR CHANGE2. BUBBLES GAS FORMED3. SOLID FORMED (PRECIPITATE) 4. ENERGY ABSORBED OR RELEASED

ENERGYWhy is energy not matter?What is it?Can you put it in a box and give it to someone?Does a cup of coffee contain energy? Explain.

ENERGY ability of a system to do work or supply heat.HeatLightElectricityEnergy does NOT have mass OR take up space so NOT matter.DensityWhat is density?Comparison of how much matter there is in a certain amount of space.Amount of mass per unit volume

What is mass?MassAmount of matter (stuff) in a substanceNOT the same as weightWeight depends on gravitational pull, mass does not (you weigh LESS on moon but SAME mass)Common units: grams, kilogramsMeasured on scale or balance

What is volume?VolumeAmount of space occupied by a substanceLiquids graduated cylinderBox = length x width x heightIrregular shapes water displacementGases volume same as container Common units: milliliters, cm3

What is density?Indirect Measurement - measure mass, volume then calculatePhysical property that can be used to identify unknown substance

Which one is more dense?How about this: Which square is more dense?Which one is more dense?Now which one is more dense?Sink of Float?What does density have to do with it?SINKDensity of object is LESS than density of liquidFLOATDensity of object is MORE than density of liquidLiquid is often water so you need to MEMORIZE:

DENSITY OF WATER = 1.0g/mL or 1.0 g/cm3What is density?Density = mass volume

D = M V

Units : g , _g_ m = D x v cm3 mLV= m D

DmvExample Density ProblemsAn unknown liquid has a mass of 30.6 g and a volume of 52.3 mL. What is the density of the liquid?Example Density ProblemsYou find a diamond and know that its density is 3.52 g/cm3, its mass is 8.3 grams, what is its volume?