Assignment 1What is Artificial Intelligence?

Many students often write by simply expressing their thoughts without references or appropriate argument. Here is an example student essay and I have commented on it for your benefit. I hope it provides good guidance for your essay.

Artificial Intelligence has been among us for more than 60 years surrounding humans with creative and distinguished technological breakthroughs [in scientific writing, you need proof and to do so, you quote existing research. When you say creative andbreakthroughs where is the proof? Whose work are you referring to?]. In this world today we can see some kind of artificial creature aiding us in our day to day activity making each difficult task more and more bearable and maintainable [proof?]. In a more technical statement, we see artificial intelligence as a science and engineering of developing machines, mainly specialising in intelligent computer programs. The main purpose is to use computers to understand human intelligence and applying that into something extraordinary [what do you mean something extraordinary?]. The word intelligence is very hard to describe and understand for some humans [why? Have you read a paper debating the nature of intelligence and come to the conclusion that intelligence is very hard to describe?], humans are not the only specimen that intelligence can be gathered its varied from animals and even machines. In this essay I will be demonstrating and the two types of artificial intelligence (Ai = engineering side, aI = cognitive science side) and how it is used in different environments in this generation, it will also have simple examples of how each of them differ from one another and share its uniqueness. [It is simpler to start by just defining Ai and aI and quote my paper. Then you can begin your discussion the above introduction adds nothing but perhaps fill up the page!]

Firstly, we will look into Ai and discuss what type of presence it has in the world [why do you want to discuss what type of presence? The essay is about the nature you should do: Ai isand aI is For example..give an example each and then discuss the nature of Ai and aI using your chosen example. Why that example is typical of Ai/ai and how does such work contribute to our understanding of intelligence? We also discuss in the lecture, how we might evaluate intelligence. Could that piece of work pass turing test? Chinese room experiment? Is it important to pass such test? If not, why not? In the conclusing paragraph, you might want to discuss which could lead to a truly intelligent machine and why you think so. Note your speculation here is based on what you have discussed earlier and so that is fine]. We know that artificial intelligence is a massive area in which still to this date there is an intensive amount of research carried out. Applying Ai in an engineering type of scenario we will be able to see exactly why this artificial intelligence is used in these circumstances In engineering domains, AI decision making is often confronted with problems that lie at the intersection of model-based diagnosis and probabilistic reasoning. In more simplistic terms we are able to use Ai when there is a problem that needs attention or to make life more manageable (Sachenbacher, 2006 where is this ref?). We can use a lot of different examples for this type of artificial intelligence; we are surrounded with technological equipment that uses Ai. A prime example can be taken from a companys operations who deal with components and technical systems [no, I dont want your imagination the example must come from a published piece of research]. By assigning an artificial intelligence we are able to rectify different problems which could possibly arise during the production, an Ai system to inform the user that the particular product is faulty and should be removed. Model-based diagnosis is a technique that supports AI decision making by identifying faulty components of a technical system, typically based on logical reasoning, while probabilistic reasoning is the classical AI technique for decision support (Sachenbacher, 2006). [I see little discussion at all!!!!!!]

Secondly, we look at the concept of cognitive science (aI) and discuss how it is introduced in the world and what makes it different compared to the engineering side. Cognitive science deals with the understanding of the human mind, the main purpose is to understand just how it is possible for the human mind to store or transfer the different information and applying it to simulations such as a robot [ref]. This cannot be done without analysing the mind on multiple different levels [who says this?]. In other words, different techniques have to be used to fully evaluate and understand the processes the mind produces [ref]. With the use of artificial intelligence it could be said that it is a powerful approach that allows different researchers in Cognitive science to study and model the different behaviour through the computational modelling of the human mind. (Luber, 2009) where is this ref?. In a more technical statement we can say that there are a whole verity approaches that can be used to create or observe artificial neuron well-known from human intelligence, a challenge known as Turing testing [proof?]. Being an artificial intelligence agent there can be a situation where the agent is challenged with incomplete information [so what? There could be MANY different situations what is the significance of this situation?], this is where with the study of cognitive science, researchers tend to create an agent which can enhance human knowledge so the agent itself is able to think and process like humans [proof]. In saying so, a more fundamental understanding about how the human mind processes is needed to create such a being. An example of cognitive science being applied with artificial intelligence is a project which is created overseas in the United States The SOAR project. Here we are able to see that a professor in computer science at the university of Michigan, developing a system which is able to simulate the human brain [so is aI about simulating the human brain?]. The SOAR system is able to store information retrieved from the intelligence agents environment in working memory. (Luber, 2009)

In conclusion I have stated my understanding between the two different types of artificial intelligence one being (Ai) which I would think is the engineering side and the other which is the cognitive science (aI) side[ but you offer no proof, little discussion of their nature]. I have shown that there is a massive difference in the two types of artificial intelligence one being created to solve different issues which can be located in basically everything and the other which is to create an agent that could think interpret like a human would [no you have not shown that there is a massive difference in fact your essay shows little distinction between them]. Its impressive to see what the different types of artificial intelligence have to offer in this research essay, we have a simplistic form which can help us humans in our day to day activities. My opinion towards all the forms of artificial intelligence is that it helps us in day to day activities and I think it will do so in the future [in science writing, one is usually not interested in a persons opinion this is not a political essay]. The most interesting will be to see an agent think and interact like a human which I think will happen in the future. I will not oppose artificial intelligence, I think one day we will have a whole new evolution all created by humans.