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Engineering is teams Professional Success: individuals working alone are usually ineffective in solving current complex engineering problems. Instead, well-trained interdisciplinary teams can address complex problems more productively. Industry Work Environment: Boeing, Cessna, Lockheed, GE, Intel, Motorola, Xerox, Ford, GM, AT&T all publicly state their commitment to a team-based environment ABET Criterion: Graduates must demonstrate “an ability to function on multidisciplinary teams”
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What is a team?A team is:
a small group of people
with complementary skills
committed to a common purpose as well as
sharing performance goals and an approach
for which they hold themselves
Mutually accountable.
Engineering is teamsProfessional Success: individuals working alone are usually ineffective in solving current complex engineering problems. Instead, well-trained interdisciplinary teams can address complex problems more productively.
Industry Work Environment: Boeing, Cessna, Lockheed, GE,
Intel, Motorola, Xerox, Ford, GM, AT&T all publicly state their
commitment to a team-based environment
ABET Criterion: Graduates must demonstrate “an ability to
function on multidisciplinary teams”
Effective TeamsInterdependence: team members count on each other
Goal Specification: team shares common goals by which to
measure its success
Cohesiveness: motivation to work in team. Task-cohesion is
more important than social cohesion.
Role and Norms: a team's internal operating procedures ensure
all contribute
Communication: effective interpersonal communication is vital
to team functioning
Common Problems We don't seem to be very organized One of my teammates never participates Nobody comes to our meetings prepared We seem to lose track of time and/or we get off task Most of my teammates just want to rush to accomplishment
Code of CooperationDefines your team norms—
operating rules, expected behavior, rewards, sanctions modified as needed written and shared, so expectations are clear No “unwritten rules”, which can lead to miscommunication
Code of Co-op ExamplesEnglish Class (link)
Ubuntu (link)
Your Code of Co-op IWhat are the expectations you have for your team? What would you like to see in a Code of Cooperation?
Think: Operating Rules, Expected Behavior? Number of meetings? Time outside of class? Agenda? What is accomplished
Organization Physical work
Discuss with a partner
Your Code of Co-op IICode of CooperationClass Discussion
Design a Code of Cooperation for your team
Team Skills Participation Effort Interacting with teammates Keeping the team on track Expecting quality Having task-related knowledge / skills / abilities
Team Lifecycle pt. 1 Forming – tentative, polite, but exciting and full of possibility
Storming – criticism, conflict, poor attendance; hostility,
polarization, coalition forming
Norming – agreement on procedures, role definition, revise
Code of Cooperation, more “we”
Performing – decision making, problem solving, mutual
cooperation, task orientation
Adjourning – sad goodbyes, leaving a legacy
Team Lifecycle pt. 2
14Team Chartering
Conflict Vs. EffectivenessConflict Vs. Effectiveness
Conflict
Effectiveness
Time
Forming Storming Norming Performing
Courtesy of Dr. Matthew Ohland
RolesRole structure helps organize the team
Roles for our teams Captain
NOT the boss! Encourager / gatekeeper
Project Manager: Meeting Coordinator, Timekeeper Recorder Critical Evaluator a.k.a. “Devil’s Advocate”
Start-Stop-Cont. Pt. 1Practices your team should START
Example: email agenda one week before meetings
Practices to STOP Example: arriving late to meetings
Practices to CONTINUE Example: associating meetings with social events
Start-Stop-Cont. Pt. 2What should your team Start? Stop? Continue?
Think
Discuss with a partner
Start-Stop-Cont. Pt. 3What should your team Start? Stop? Continue?
Discuss as class
Effective Meetings:
Use agendas Use issue bins Use action lists Value diversity
Solving Team Probs. IWe don’t seem to be very organized”
Use an agenda to structure time Make sure you have a time keeper Use an issue bin to avoid distraction
“One of my teammates never participates” The encourager should be proactive Impose consequences indicated in Code of Cooperation or
amend to address this issue Let me know
Solving Team Probs. II“No one comes ready to work”
Use an agenda and assign responsibilities. Impose consequences indicated in Code of Cooperation or
modify Code to address this. Seek help from me if problem persists.
“We lose track of time /get off of task” Make sure you have a time keeper Use an agenda and allocate time to activities.
Solving Team Probs. III“My teammates want to rush to finish”
Assume the role of Critical Evaluator Employ open communication to discuss individual and team
goals
Questions?
