05

1015

20%

Wom

en in

Par

liam

ent

1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010Year

.51

1.5

22.

5

1980 1990 2000 2010YEAR

Economic Rights Political RightsSocial Rights

What explains variation?

Variation

• Domestic Resources (Resource Curse?)• Domestic Institutions• Domestic Policy• International Relations

A snapshot at 1960

• Zambia : 545• Zimbabwe: 466• Botswana: 237

010

0020

0030

0040

00

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010Year

Zambia ZimbabweBotswana

50-Years in Korea

Other issues…

• How effectively has the international community responded to the HIV pandemic?

Other issues…

• How effectively has the international community responded to the HIV pandemic?

• What are the challenges?

http://costofwar.com/

• How much does combating HIV cost?

• How much does combating HIV cost?– Sources of costs

• How much does combating HIV cost?– Sources of costs– Efficiency of spending

• How much does combating HIV cost?– Sources of costs– Efficiency of spending

• Special nature of HIV…

• How much does combating HIV cost?– Sources of costs– Efficiency of spending

• Special nature of HIV…– Demographics

• How much does combating HIV cost?– Sources of costs– Efficiency of spending

• Special nature of HIV…– Demographics– Incubation

• How much does combating HIV cost?– Sources of costs– Efficiency of spending

• Special nature of HIV…– Demographics– Incubation– Cure vs. Treatment

• How much does combating HIV cost?– Sources of costs– Efficiency of spending

• Special nature of HIV…– Demographics– Incubation– Cure vs. Treatment– Associated Infections

• How much does combating HIV cost?– Sources of costs– Efficiency of spending

• Special nature of HIV…• Domestic Institutions

• How much does combating HIV cost?– Sources of costs– Efficiency of spending

• Special nature of HIV…• Domestic Institutions• Other drawbacks?