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What does an appropriate preschool for a child with
hearing loss look like?
Kym Meyer, M.S., CCC-A
Educational Audiologist/Certified Teacher
Director, The Outreach Partnership Program (TOPP) The Learning Center for the Deaf
The Outreach Partnership Program (TOPP)
Hearing Loss 101
Degree of Hearing Loss
Degree refers to how severe the hearing loss is (measured in a hearing test)
• MILD • MODERATE
• SEVERE• PROFOUND
The Outreach Partnership Program (TOPP)
Explaining the different degrees of hearing loss makes
absolutely no sense…just sit back and listen…
The Outreach Partnership Program (TOPP)
The Outreach Partnership Program (TOPP)
Acoustic Filter Scenario
• Hearing loss is invisible
• Hearing loss is an invisible acoustic filterWe don’t see hearing loss, what we see is the negative repercussions of not hearing well
Carol Flexer (1998)
The Outreach Partnership Program (TOPP)
“Can you hear me?”
YUP!
The Outreach Partnership Program (TOPP)
“Hearing” ≠ Understanding
Audibility – Speech can be heard but not clearly enough to understand what is said (you are “hearing” the vowels).
Intelligibility – Speech is heard clearly enough to hear word distinctions (you are hearing both the vowels and consonants)
Carol Flexer (1998)
The Outreach Partnership Program (TOPP)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5. 10.
9.
8.
7.
6.
“Make two columns – number 1 to 10 in each column”
The Outreach Partnership Program (TOPP)
Devices to make speech louder to be heard (audible)
• Hearing aids
• Cochlear Implants (CI)
The Outreach Partnership Program (TOPP)
So, hearing aids make children hear normally. Just like glasses, right?
Unfortunately…no
Remember listening to the examples of distorted speech?
What does a hard of hearing child need to
access the curriculum in preschool?
The Outreach Partnership Program (TOPP)
Environment• Acoustically appropriate
classroom • Does the child need
assistive technology? (FM system? Soundfield system?)
• Educational audiologist consultation
The Outreach Partnership Program (TOPP)
The Outreach Partnership Program (TOPP)
• “We have one of those speaker sound systems, let’s put Johnny in that room”
• “We had a student with an auditory trainer who left the district. Let’s hook it
up to Susie’s hearing aids.”
Examples of misunderstandings Tuesday, March 13,
working 1:1 with different SLPs
• The Indians were dying because of the drought and famine.– “Why were they dying if they had all that fish?”
M, age 9
• “Today we learned about cocoon trees” Z, age 6– After observing a classroom lesson about coconut
trees.The Outreach Partnership Program (TOPP)
Instruction
It’s much easier for a hard of hearing student to learn new information 1:1 or in a small group.
The Outreach Partnership Program (TOPP)
Students may need direct instruction of new vocabulary
• Pre-reading books
• Nursery Rhymes• Songs• Pledge of
Allegiance • Peers’ names
The Outreach Partnership Program (TOPP)
…and may need direct instruction of phonemic awareness.
The Outreach Partnership Program (TOPP)
Accommodations
• Setting up seating – Noise sources– Sunlight?
• Classroom acoustics• Visual supports• DAILY hearing aid
checks! (IDEA 34CFR300.113)
• Announcements?• Assemblies,
lunchroom, gym?• Bus?• Emergency plan?
The Outreach Partnership Program (TOPP)
Not every child will need every recommendation
• A team working together can make appropriate recommendations: – Teacher of the deaf/hard of hearing– Speech-language pathologist – Educational audiologist
The Outreach Partnership Program (TOPP)
•Anderson, K., Smaldino, J. “Providing audiology services to school children more than just preferential seating,” The Hearing Journal (March, 2012). http://journals.lww.com/thehearingjournal/Fulltext/2012/03000/Breaking_News__Providing_audiology_services_to.9.aspx
•Roles of Speech-Language Pathologists and Teachers of Children Who Are Deaf and Hard of Hearing in the Development of Communicative and Linguistic Competence (Joint Committee of ASHA and the Council on Education of the Deaf) http://www.asha.org/policy/GL2004-00202/
•Educational Audiology Services Under IDEA: Pertinent Regulations. http://www.edaud.org/associations/4846/files/Advocacy_Services.Under_IDEA.pdf (accessed June 3, 2013).
•Hands and Voices Guide to Preschool Programs: http://www.handsandvoices.org/comcon/articles/preschool.htm
•Meyer, K. “In class hard of hearing children face misunderstanding ,” In “Hard of Hearing, Facing Challenges in Class,” Odyssey (Winter, 2003). pp. 18-21. http://www.gallaudet.edu/Documents/Clerc/Odyssey-2003-v4i2-full.pdf
•Supporting Success With Kids With Hearing Loss http://successforkidswithhearingloss.com/
RESOURCES
The Outreach Partnership Program (TOPP)
Don’t be overwhelmed…let’s answer your questions…
