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1
What is Capital? What is Internal
Finance?
What is External
Finance?
Give 2 examples of
Sources of Internal
Finance
Give 4 examples of
External Sources of
Finance
What is an
Overdraft?
What is Debt
Factoring?
What is meant by
a long-term loan?
What is leasing?
What are
Debentures?
2
Money raised from the
business’s own assets or
from profits (retained
profits)
This is money invested in a
company by the business
owner
Retained Profits
Sale of Assets
Money raised from sources
outside the business
An overdraft is an agreement
you make with a bank to
OVERDRAW your account up to
an agreed limit. High rate of
interest.
Share Issue Prince’s Trust
Debentures
Loan Debt Factoring
Grants
Leasing
Hire Purchase
Bank Overdraft
Trade Credit
A long-term loan is one that
is taken out for longer than
1 year.
Debt factoring is where you ‘sell’
your outstanding bills to a Debt
Collecting Company for less than
their value. Gives you immediate
cash to improve cash flow.
Debentures are a type of share
that are issued to raise large
sums of finance. A guaranteed
rate of interest is given even if
company makes a loss.
This is where you get the use of
equipment or a car for payment
of rent. Ownership stays with
the leasing company
3
What are Venture
Capitalists?
What are Shares?
What is a
Mortgage?
What is a Grant?
What is the
Prince’s Trust?
Describe a Bank
Loan
4
Shares are issued by businesses
to raise large sums of finance.
Shareholders will be given a
share of the profits (dividend).
Venture Capitalists (Dragons)
are people/companies who invest
in businesses who find it hard to
raise finance. They like to have
an element of control over the
business.
A grant is a sum of money that a
business does not need to pay
back. Often obtained from the
government.
A mortgage is money obtained from a
bank or building society that is used
to buy property. It is repaid over a
long period of time eg 25 years. It
has a lower rate of interest than
loans or overdrafts.
This is a sum of money the
bank lends you which is
repaid with interest over an
agreed period.
The Prince’s Trust gives start-
up capital for young
entrepreneurs.
5
What is a Market?
What is Market
Segmentation?
What is the
Marketing Mix?
Give a definition
of Product
What is
Promotion?
Give some
examples of
Market
Segmentation
Describe Place Describe Price
What is the
Product Life
Cycle?
Name the 4 MAIN
stages of the
Product Life
Cycle?
6
Market segmentation is where
you divide a market into groups
of similar customers.
A market is a place where
buyers and sellers meet to
exchange goods and services.
Product – this is the item made
by the business and sold to
customers.
Product
Price
Place
Promotion
Age
Social Class
Location
Disposable Income
Religion
Gender
Promotion is how you make
customers aware of your
product through advertising or
special offers.
This is how much you charge for
your product – the selling price.
Promotion is how you make
customers aware of your
product through advertising or
special offers.
This is the place where the
product is sold.
Introduction
Growth
Maturity
Decline
NB Development/saturation also
accepted in exam
The Product Life Cycle is the
stages that a product goes
through over its life.
7
Why is branding
important?
What is a
Prototype?
How can you extend
the Product Life
Cycle?
What is a Brand?
What is field
research?
What is desk
research?
What is Destroyer
Pricing?
What are the
stages of Product
Development?
Give as many examples
of methods of field
research as you can
Give as many examples of
where you might get
secondary information
from
8
A prototype is a working model
of the test product that you
would make to test on potential
customers.
Allows you to charge a higher
price
Brand names are often associated
with higher quality.
Easier to launch new products as
customers are already aware of
brand.
This is a name, slogan, logo,
design that allows one
product to be distinguished
from the other competitors.
Decrease your selling price
Introduce special offers
Change the product eg recipe/size
Rebrand the product
Make your product available in more
places eg internet, supermarkets
Advertise your product
OR ANY ANSWER THAT INVOLVES
THE 4 P’S
Desk research is secondary
research where you use existing
information to collect data.
Field research is primary
research where new information
is collected by carrying out
surveys/interviews and
observations.
An idea is generated
Market Research done
Product prototype is developed
Prototype tested on consumers
Prototype adjusted
Product is launched
Destroyer pricing is where you
charge a very low price so that
you can attract sales and
eliminate the competition. Then
you will increase your price.
Newspapers
Magazines
Government records
Books
Internet
Observation
Face to face interviews
Postal Survey
Online Survey
Hall Test
Focus Group
EPOS
Social Networking Website
9
What is Price
Skimming?
What is Cost Plus
Pricing?
What is a High
Price Pricing
Strategy?
What is
Promotional
Pricing?
What is
Psychological
Pricing?
What is Low Price
Pricing Strategy?
What are the 4 methods of
distribution?
Can you give a different
advantage and disadvantage of
each!
What are the 3
main channels of
distribution?
Give an advantage
of using Direct
Selling
What factors
influence the
location of your
business?
10
Cost Plus pricing is where you
calculate the cost of making the
product and then you add on
your profit.
Price Skimming is where you charge a
very high price for your product
usually because you have no
competition or your product has a
USP and people are willing to pay a
higher price for that.
Promotional pricing is where you
charge a price which is lower
than normal to attract sales.
High price strategy is where you
charge a price higher than your
competitors.
Low price strategy is where you
charge a price lower than your
competitors
Psychological pricing is where
the price charged by the
business makes the person
thinks the product is cheaper
than t actually is eg 99p rather
than £1.
Wholesaler
Retailer
Direct Selling
Road
Rail
Sea
Air
See L&L P69 for adv/disad
Where your customer is
Suitable available premises
Parking facilities
Suitable infrastructure
Government incentives available
Are you near your target market
Suitable employees available
Are your competitors near
Environmental impact
An advantage of direct selling is
that goods can be cheaper to
buy online as there is no
middleman.
11
What is the role
of a Wholesaler?
What is the role
of a Retailer?
What is the
difference between
advertising and
promotion?
State as many ways as
you can to advertise
your product. NB You should be able to give
adv/disad of each
What methods can you
use to promote your
product/service?
What is e-
commerce?
What is public
relations?
12
Role of a retailer is to be able to
provide the consumer with
product advice. Also located
closer to consumer.
Role of a wholesaler is to break
up large quantities of goods into
smaller batches, as well as
warehousing good for the
manufacturer.
Television
Radio
Newspapers
Magazines
Journals
Social Media websites
Company website
Billboards
Text Messaging
Apps
Advertising is making customers
aware of your product whereas
promotion is about encouraging
people to buy your product eg
special offers.
E-commerce is the selling of
goods online.
Celebrity Endorsement
BOGOF
Discounts eg 10%
Money off Vouchers
Free samples
Public relations is an activity
that is designed to create a
favourable image of a business.
13
What does IPO
stand for?
What are the 3
types of stock you
can get?
What is stock?
State the 3
methods of
production.
Describe Job Production
and give an example of a
product made this way.
Describe Batch
Production and give an
example of a product
made this way.
Describe Flow Production
and give an example of a
product made this way.
What is meant by
Labour Intensive?
What is meant by
Capital Intensive?
How many methods of
ensuring quality can
you name?
14
Raw Materials
Work-in-Progress
Finished Goods
Input
Process
Output
Job
Batch
Flow/Mass
These are the goods that are
available for sale.
Batch production is where you
make a batch of identical
products at a time. Eg different
soup flavours
Job production is where you
make a one-off product
designed to meet the
specifications of your customer.
Eg wedding dress
Labour Intensive means using a
high proportion of employees to
make a product rather than
using machinery.
Flow production is where large
quantities of a product are made
in a continuous process. Parts
are added along a production
line Eg a car
Quality Control
Quality Assurance
TQM
Quality Circles
Benchmarking
Quality Symbols
Training Staff
Buying quality raw materials
Well maintained machinery
Capital Intensive means you use
a high proportion of machinery
rather than employees to make a
product.
15
Describe Quality
Control.
Describe Quality
Assurance.
What does TQM
stand for and then
describe it.
What is
Benchmarking?
What are Quality
Circles?
What can a company
do to ensure they
are socially
responsible?
What factors should you
consider when choosing a
supplier? (The
Purchasing Mix)
Give 2
consequences of
having too little
stock.
Give 2 consequences
of having too much
stock.
What is meant by
minimum stock level?
16
Quality Assurance is where
products are regularly checked
for quality during production.
Quality Control is where
products are checked at the
END of the production process.
Benchmarking is where you take
another company who has a very high
quality product/standard and you use
it to gauge how well your own company
is doing.
TQM means Total Quality
Management. Here everyone in the
workplace from factory workers to
office staff/managers are
responsible for ensuring quality
throughout the organisation.
Reduce wastage
Use recyclable materials
Minimise packaging
Prevent pollution
Quality Circles are where a
group of employees come
together to discuss
products/procedures.
Production might stop if you
don’t have enough stock
You can’t fulfil your orders
Can’t meet unexpected orders
The cost of the raw materials
The quality of the raw materials
The delivery period
Can he deliver the quantity required
The location of the supplier
The reliability/reputation of the
supplier
Do you have enough storage space?
This is the lowest amount of
stock you should have on your
shelves at any one time.
Additional storage space may be
needed
Stock at higher risk of being stolen
Stock may go out-of-date
Money tied up in stock could be used
for other things
If fashion trends change then you can
be left with unsaleable stock
17
What is meant by
maximum stock
level?
What is meant by
the lead time?
What is the re-
order quantity?
What is the re-
order level?
What factors do you
take into consideration
when setting the re-
order level?
18
This is the time between
ordering stock and it being
delivered.
This is the highest level of
stock you should have on
your shelves at any one
time.
Re-order level is the level at
which you order more goods
Re-order quantity is the amount
of good that you order when
stock reaches the re-order
level.
Storage space available
How perishable the goods are
The delivery time
Special offers
Customer demand
19
What is a business? What is a Need?
What is a Want?
What is a durable
good and give an
example.
What is a non-
durable good and
give an example.
Give 2 examples of
services.
What are the 4
factors of
production?
What is Land?
What is Labour? What is Capital?
20
A need is a basic
requirement for survival eg
food, water, shelter,
clothing
An organisation that
provides goods and
services
A durable good is something
that last a long time – can be
used more than once eg washing
machine
A want is something that we
would like to have but we could
live without eg mobile phone,
designer clothing, car
Hairdressing
Taxi
Window Cleaner etc
A non-durable is something
that doesn’t last very long
eg food
Land is any natural resource
provided by nature and used in
the production process eg
farming, oil industry, forestry,
fishing
Land
Labour
Capital
Enterprise
Capital is the man-made
resources that are needed to
make a product eg machinery,
tools, money
Labour is the work done by the
employees of the business in
return for payment
21
What is Enterprise? What is meant by
Added Value?
What are the 3
sectors of Industry?
Describe the
primary sector.
Describe the
secondary sector.
Describe the
tertiary sector.
What are the 3
sectors of the
economy?
What are the 3 types
of businesses we study
at N5 in the Private
Sector?
Describe a Sole
Trader.
Describe a
Partnership.
22
This is the increased value a
product becomes as it moves
through production
Enterprise is the good idea that
the entrepreneur has that
combines the other 3 factors of
production.
The primary sector is the one
that produces raw materials eg
farming, fishing, mining,
forestry.
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
The tertiary sector is involved in
providing a service like
hairdressing, taxi service.
The secondary sector is the
manufacturing businesses
that make new products from
raw materials.
Sole Trader
Partnerships
Private Limited Company’s
(Ltd)
Public
Private
Voluntary/Third
A partnership is where between
2 and 20 people combine their
capital to invest in a business eg
lawyers, accountants
A sole trader is a business
owned by a single person
23
Describe a Private
Ltd Company.
Give 2 advantages of
being a Private Ltd
Co.
Give 2 advantages of
being a partnership
Give 2 advantages of
being a sole trader.
Give 2 disadvantages
of being a Private Ltd
Co.
Give 2 disadvantages
of being a
partnership.
Give 2 disadvantages
of being a sole
trader.
State 4 things that
are contained in a
Partnership
Agreement.
What is meant by
Unlimited Liability?
Describe the Public
Sector of the
Economy, giving a
business example.
24
There is limited liability for the
shareholders.
Finance can be raised by selling more
shares.
Shareholders and directors bring a
different experience and skills to the
business.
A Private Ltd Company is
where a business is owned
by its shareholders.
A sole trader is their own boss
They get to make all the decisions
They decide on their holidays.
All profits are kept by the owner
No need to consult with other
people when making decisions.
Workload and decisions can be shared
amongst the partners
Different partners bring a different
set of skills to the business
Easier to raise finance than a sole
trader
Customers/suppliers see them as
being less of a risk
The profit must be shared between
the partners
The partners have unlimited liability
There can be disagreements between
partners
Need to draw up a partnership
agreement
More complicated to set up than
the other 2 types of businesses
It must follow the Companies Act
They must publish their accounts
every year.
Partners names
Capital invested
Partners salaries
Share of the profits
Partners responsibilities
How to dissolve the partnership
There is nobody to share the
workload or decisions with
Can be difficult to raise large
amount of start-up capital
You have unlimited liability
Hard to benefit from economies
of scale
The Public sector is
organisations that are controlled
by central or local government
eg NHS, Police, Education.
This is where the owner is personally
responsible for the debts of the
business and they could therefore
lose their own personal possessions
like car, house.
25
Describe the Private
Sector of the Economy
giving a business
example.
Describe the
Voluntary/Third Sector
of the Economy giving a
business example.
What is a Social
Enterprise? Give 2
business examples.
What are the 7 main
objectives a business
might have?
Where do charities
get most of their
money from?
How can you ensure
Customer
Satisfaction?
What is a Dividend?
What is the acronym
for External
Influences?
What does PESTEC
stand for?
Give examples of
Political Influences
26
The Voluntary sector is made up
of charities/voluntary groups
and social enterprises.
The Private sector is owned and
controlled by individuals/groups.
Next, Sports Direct, M&S
Survival
Maximise Profits
Provide a Service
Good Customer Satisfaction
Enterprise
Be Socially Responsible
Improve Market Share
A Social Enterprise group is a
business whose main aim is to provide
social or environmental benefits
rather than make a profit. Eg Jamie’s
Fifteen Restaurant, The Big Issue,
WildHearts, The Eden Project
Providing high quality product.
Training employees
Having a customer care strategy
Having a customer complaints
procedure
Having an after-sales service
Money mainly comes from grants
and fundraising. Some charities
have shops selling goods eg
Chas, Cancer Research.
PESTEC
A dividend is a payment
made to shareholders from
the profits.
Government laws
Taxation Levels
Emissions Levels
Recruitment Laws etc
Political
Environmental
Social
Technological
Economic
Competitive
27
Give examples of
Economic Influences
Give examples of
Social Influences
Give examples of
Technological
Influences
Give examples of
Environmental
Influences
What is the benefit to
having competitors to
the consumer?
What are the 3
Internal Influences
on businesses?
What is a
Stakeholder?
Can you name at
least 6
Stakeholders?
Stakeholders have an
Interest in and an Influence
on Businesses. What is the
difference between the
two?
Can you state an
Interest for each of
the main
stakeholders?
28
Anything that influences
what people feel, think eg
fashion, lifestyle, working
practices
Levels of Unemployment
Recession/Boom
Interest Rate Levels
Weather
Environmentally Friendly
Using recyclable materials
Reducing carbon footprint
Decreasing pollution
Automation
E-commerce
Financial
Human Resources
Current Technology
More choice of suppliers
Cheaper prices
More special offers
Higher quality service
Owners
Shareholders
Employees
Banks
Customers
Suppliers
Local Community
Pressure Groups
Local Government
National Government
This is any person who
has an interest in a
business.
See L&L Core Notes
Pages 42 and 43
An INTEREST is where the stakeholder
wants something from the business eg
job security, loans to be repaid on time
etc.
An INFLUENCE is some kind of action
they can take to make the organisation
take note of something eg industrial
action, shop elsewhere.
29
Can you state an
Influence for each of
the main
stakeholders?
Describe Break-
Even?
What are the 3 main
costs associated
with Break-even?
Describe a Fixed
Costs and give an
example.
Describe what a
variable cost is and
give an example.
What is the
formula for Total
Costs?
What is the formula
for calculating Total
Revenue?
Give a cause of
poor cash flow.
How can you improve
your cash flow?
What is a Cash
Budget?
30
Break-even is the point at
which a business neither
makes a profit or a loss.
Total Costs = Total Revenue
See L&L Core Notes
Pages 42 and 43
Fixed Costs are one that always
stay the same IRRESPECT OF
THE AMOUNT THAT IS
PRODUCED Eg rent, rates, electricity, insurance,
loan repayments
3 Costs are:
Fixed Costs
Variable Costs
Total Costs
Total Costs =
Fixed Costs + Variable Costs
Variable Costs are costs
that vary with the level of
production.
Eg raw materials, piece rate
wages
Buying too much stock
Customers getting too long to pay
Sale price too low
Suppliers not giving you long
enough to pay your bills
Owner withdrawing money
(drawings)
Total Revenue =
Selling price x no of units
sold
A cash budget is a document that helps
you look at your cash flow. It shows the
ACTUAL cash flowing in and out of the
business.
Find cheaper supplier
Sell unused equipment
Have a marketing campaign
Offer discounts to customers to
encourage quicker payment
Take out a bank loan/overdraft
Increase sales
Lower wages/overtime
31
Why is it important
to prepare a Cash
Budget?
Identify the 2 types
of Profit a Profit
Statement shows.
What is Gross
Profit? What is Net Profit?
What type of
expenses might you
find in a Profit
Statement?
Suggest 2 things
that you could do
to improve your
Gross Profit?
Suggest 2 things that
you could do to
improve your Net
Profit?
Suggest a piece of
software that you
might use in the
Finance Department.
What are the advantages of
using a spreadsheet package
in the Finance Department?
32
Gross Profit
Net Profit
It helps us to see our actual cash
flowing in and out of the business and
it therefore allows us to plan for the
future in making financial decisions eg
do I need a loan? How much do I
need?
Net Profit is the profit we
are left with after
deducting all other business
expenses from the Gross
Profit.
Gross Profit is the
difference between the
purchase price and the
selling price. (assuming SP is
greater than CP)
Increase Selling Price
Find Cheaper Supplier
Don’t overstock
Electricity
Gas
Loan Interest
Wages
Rent
Advertising
Spreadsheet package
Increase Selling Price
Find Cheaper Supplier
Don’t overstock
Reduce wages/overtime
Cheaper insurance
Change utilities supplier
Automatically performs calculations
using formulae which are
automatically updated.
Reduces human error.
Creates graphs
The information can be exported into
other pieces of software eg ppt/word
33
What is
Recruitment? What is Selection?
Name 4 stages in
the Recruitment
Process.
What activities are
carried out by the
HR Department?
What does a Job
Analysis look at?
Why might a job
vacancy arise?
What information
does a Job
Description contain?
What does a Person
Specification
contain?
What is a short
leet?
Give an advantage of
advertising a job
internally.
34
Selection is the process of
selecting the best person
for the job from the
applicants who applied.
Recruitment is the
process of encouraging
people to APPLY for a
job
Recruitment and Selection
Health and Safety
Motivating & Training
Ensure employees are paid
correctly
Deal with Trade Unions
Identify Job Vacancy
Job Analysis
Job Description
Person Specification
Advertise the job
Send out applications
If someone:
Retired
Left
Or the department has
expanded and needs more staff
Looks at the tasks,
duties and
responsibilities that the
job position would
require.
Information about the qualities,
skills, qualifications and
experience the candidate would
need to do the job.
Tasks
Duties
Responsibilities
Pay
Hours
Holidays/Benefits
Good for staff motivation if
internally promoted
Staff already familiar with
company procedures
It is a shortened list of
applicants that the company
might interview.
35
Give a disadvantage
of advertising
internally?
Give 2 places that
you could advertise
a job internally.
Give 2 places you
could advertise a job
externally.
What are the 2
common ways of
applying for a job?
Give an advantage of
using an interview as a
method of selection.
Give a disadvantage of
using an interview as a
method of selection.
What type of tests
might be carried out
during an interview?
State 4 types of
training.
Describe Induction
training.
Describe on-the-
job training.
36
Staff noticeboard
Staff e-mail
Intranet
Limited number of
people may apply
Staff may not offer
wider experience
Application Form
Curriculum Vitae (CV)
Newspapers
Journals
Radio
Website
Social Network Site
Recruitment Agency
Job Centre
Time consuming
Interviewer can be biased
Some people don’t
interview well (pressure)
You actually see the person
You can check the content of
the application form
The applicant can ask
questions
Induction
On-the-job
Off-the-job
Cascading
Aptitude
Medical
Psychometric (Personality)
Skill (typing/shorthand)
On-the-job training is where
training takes place inside the
business often by a more
experienced employee
Induction training is given
to new employees to
familiarise them with
their job/tasks, health &
safety.
37
Describe off-the-
job training.
Give 2 advantages of
on-the-job training.
Give 2 disadvantages
of on-the job
training
Give 2 advantages of
off-the job training
Give 2 disadvantages
of off-the-job
training
What is cascading?
Give 2 examples of
financial incentives
Give 2 examples of
non-financial
incentives
Why is it important
for a business to
motivate its staff?
Describe
overtime?
38
Advantages are:
Less expensive
Training is carried out
using the equipment the
employee will be using
Off-the-job training is
where employees are
trained away from the
workplace eg in college
Advantages are:
Formal qualifications/ certificates can be gained.
Training is given by experts. Employees are given a chance to
meet other people out with the
organisation (networking)
Disadvantages are:
The trainers are still expected to
carry out their normal job so
production could be affected.
The quality of the training might
not be as high as off-the-job
Cascading is where one
employee is trained and
they then train the other
employees.
Disadvantages are:
Employees can’t be productive if away
at training course.
It is more expensive that on-the-job
It can sometimes to take longer to
complete depending on the course.
Company car
Flexible working
Praise
Training
Health benefits
Company discounts
Overtime
Bonus
Commission
Overtime is where you are paid
at a higher rate for the hours
you work over your contracted
hours. Often paid at double
time.
Company will benefit as:
Fewer employees will leave the
company.
Employees will make a better
quality product.
Better customer service
Better reputation.
39
If an employee is
paid by Piece Rate
what does this
mean?
Give a disadvantage
of paying by piece
rate?
What is a bonus? What is commission?
How many types of
working practice can you
identify?
Give an advantage of a
company allowing
employees to use
homeworking?
Give a disadvantage of
homeworking to the
employee.
What is Teleworking?
What is Flexitime?
Give a
disadvantage of a
company offering
flexitime.
40
Employees will work quickly
to maximise their salary –
and this can lead to poor
quality.
Piece Rate is where
someone is paid for each
completed item that they
produce.
Commission is where an employee is
paid a % of their total sales as
their salary. Some companies pay
a very low basic salary, topped up
with the employees’ commission.
A bonus is where the employee is
paid an additional sum of money on
top of their salary. Often paid as
a reward for good work or meeting
sales targets.
Homeworking will benefit
the company as employees
will be less stressed – no
travel to work hassles.
Part-time
Temporary
Homeworking
Teleworking
Flexitime
Job Share
Condensed hours
Teleworking is where
people are allowed to work
away from the office &
use technology to
communicate with the
business.
Homeworking reduces the
opportunities that an
employee gets to mix with
other employees – it is
quite solitary.
The company will not always find
it easy to get a hold of the
employee/arrange meetings as
you will never be sure when they
will be in.
Flexitime is where the
employees can choose
their start and finishing
times as long as they work
a core period eg 10-2.
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Give 2 benefits to a
company in offering
flexible working
practices to employees?
Give 2 benefits to an
employee who is offered
flexible working
practices?
What are the main
methods of
industrial action?
How can businesses
create a good
working
relationship?
What impact will
industrial action
have on a business?
Describe a Strike.
Describe what is
meant by ‘Work to
Rule’?
What is a Sit in?
What is meant if
employees are on a
‘Go Slow’?
What is meant if
employees are on
an ‘overtime ban’?
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Personal commitments can be
juggled eg doctor/dentist.
Choose start & finishing times to
suit lifestyle.
Less stressed
Happier & therefore more
productive.
Happier employees &
therefore more productive
Attendance rates will improve.
Money can be saved as less
space/desks are required.
Always consult employees about
necessary changes that affect
them.
Allow employees to have a say in
decision making.
Ensure they only ask employees to
do tasks agreed in their
employment contract.
Strike
Work to rule
Sit in
Go slow
Overtime ban
Boycott
Demonstration
A strike is where
employees refuse to turn
up to work. Often have a
picket line outside.
Loss of production
Loss of revenues
Reduction in profit
Loss of reputation
Loss of customers
A sit in is where
employees refuse to
work and ‘sit in’ the
workplace.
Work to rule is where
employees only carry out
work that is in their contract
of employment – no addition
duties are done eg no
lunch/after school clubs.
An overtime ban means that
employees only work their
contracted hours – no
additional hours are worked.
A Go Slow is where
employees carry out their
normal duties but at a
slower pace reducing
productivity.
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What is meant if an
employee boycotts a
task?
Unhappy employees
will often arrange a
demonstration. What
is a demonstration?
What are the main
principles of the
Equality Act?
Why does the
Minimum Wage Act
exist?
Under the Health &
Safety at Work Act
what responsibilities
does an employer
have?
Under the Health &
Safety at Work Act
what responsibilities
does an employee
have?
What is the main
reason for the Data
Protection Act?
How many of the 8
principles of the
Data Protection Act
can you identify?
What ICT can be
used in the Human
Resources
Department?
44
A demonstration is where
employees will gather in some
public place to raise awareness
of an issue – eg low pay/poor
working conditions.
Boycott means that an
employee will have refused
to carry out a task –
probably because it involves
doing something new.
Minimum Wage Act is there to
ensure that everyone is paid a
basic minimum amount for work
done. This varies according to a
person’s age.
People must be treated fairly
regardless of:
Race
Religion
Disability
Sexual orientation
Age
Employees must:
Report any faults/hazards
Wear safety equipment provided
Take reasonable care of themselves
and other employees
Follow organisational regulations for
Health & Safety
Employers must:
Provide necessary
equipment/clothing to employees
eg safety helmet
Provide relevant safety training
Provide toilets, clean drinking
water, first aid facilities
Data must be:
Obtained fairly and lawfully
Only used for registered purposes
Cannot be given out to any other person with
permission
Relevant and only collect what is necessary
Be accurate and up-to-date
Not kept longer than necessary
Be available to the person who it is about
Be kept secure
Data Protection Act is
concerned with ensuring that
all data that is collected
about people is collected,
stores and processed
properly.
Database – to keep a record of
employees’ personal details.
Spreadsheet – to keep a note of
employees pay details.
Powerpoint – used to train
employees.
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