WG Implementatie EN14181 in Vlaanderen April 07

LABORELEC Results of the Laborelec study– 9 April 2007

WG Implementatie EN14181 in VlaanderenApril 07

Practicability of the standard EN 14181 put into question: results of the LABORELEC study


Outline:

LABORELEC tests on QAL2: Protocol Some examples

Findings summary : QAL2 QAL3 AST

Conclusions.


QAL2 assessment protocol:

Two in-situ analysers in conventional Belgian power plants: PROCAL: PULSI 240RL SICK GM31 and GM35

Parameters: NO: 0-500 ppm and 0-1000 ppm

SO2: 0-600 ppm

CO: 0-200 ppm and 0-1000 ppm

Continuous recording of the AMSs and SRM outputs Hourly averages distributed on three days. No peripheral measurements taken into account.


PROCAL PULSI (1)

IR spectroscopy (IR wavelengths obtained by means of interference filters and gas filled cells (GCF))

Auto zero checks. Span checks should be possible with test

gas.


PROCAL Pulsi (2)


SICK GM 31 (1)

Possible to measure simultaneously SO2, NO and optionally NO2 or NH3

UV spectroscopy Zero point measurementReference point measurement


SICK GM 31 (2)

Sampling


SICK GM 35

IR spectroscopy CO CO2 H2O


Example 1a: cal. funct. obtained during different recording periods.

Calibration functions for CO (AMS1)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 10 20 30AMS

SR

M


Example 1b: cal. funct. obtained during different recording periods


-30

20

70

120

170

-30 20 70 120 170

AMS

SR

M


-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

-10 0 10 20 30

AMS

SR

M


Example 2: cal. funct. obtained during the same recording period

Calibration functions: SO2

y = 0,75x + 89,10

y = 0,94x + 36,81

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

0 100 200 300AMS

SR

M

= 52 ppm


Example 3: data selection

CO SICK: hourly averages

-100

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

0 200 400 600

AMS ppm dry

SR

M p

pm

dry

Randomly selected



CO QAL2 SICK: hourly averages

-100

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

0 200 400 600

AMS ppm dry

SR

M p

pm

dry

Randomly selected

Chosen



CO SICK: calibration functions

y = 1,22x - 0,21

R2 = 0,99

y = 1,38x - 4,24

R2 = 0,99

-200

0

200

400

600

800

0 200 400 600

AMS

SR

M


Example 4: 2 methods to calculate the calibration function

CO QAL2 AMS2: hourly averages

0,001,002,003,004,005,00

6,007,008,009,00

10,00

-2,00 3,00 8,00

AMS ppm dry

SR

M p

pm

dry

CO QAL2 AMS2 : calibration functions

0,00

100,00

200,00

300,00

400,00

500,00

600,00

0,00 50,00 100,00 150,00 200,00

AM S ppm dry

SR

M p

pm

dry


Findings summary: 1/5

Impossible to vary the pollutant concentration (as requested in § 6.3).

Irrelevant calibration function when: measurements close to zero Measurements not scattered enough

Markedly different calibration functions obtained on the same AMS (even during the same recording period).

Validation test not always relevant.




Irrelevant calibration function when: Measurements close to zero Measurements not scattered enough

















Validated range to narrow.Too costly for:

Plants operating for short durations With emissions much lower than the ELV.

Difficult to pass the variability test with high plant emission.

Why does the methodology proposed by the standard not include the uncertainty on the SRM measurements?





















QAL2 with low emissions?

Extension of the calibration range based on linearity functional tests.



QAL1 data not available for existing AMSSite data very difficult to obtain use of

default valuesCusum chart is complicated and no example

of Shewart chart providedQAL3 does not make sense with AUTOCAL
















Use of fixed warning limits What about auto zero and span checks?



Same findings as for QAL2Linearity and cross interference tests already

checked during QAL1



Same findings as for QAL2Linearity and cross interference tests already

checked during QAL1

Supress linearity and cross interference tests


Conclusions

Be carefulSome features have to be revised/ clarified:

QAL2 with low emissions? Extension of the calibration range based on linearity

functional tests. Use of fixed warning limits QAL3 utility What about auto zero and span checks?

We ask for a standard revision !


Current situation:

CEN committee will publish a guidance note to support the application of the

EN14181.

(mainly based on the Technical guidance Note M20 published by the British Environment agency, www.environment-agency.gov.uk/business)


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Procal NO and SO2NOCalibration function: Variability:

Upper validity limit Test 1 Test 2

a b mg/Nm³ std R² SD

o*kv = 59,8 o*kv =19,9

Period 1 -17,95 1,12 1458 0,98 14,3 OK OKPeriod 2 -0,78 1,03 2078 0,99 43,8 OK NOKPeriod 3 48,03 0,89 1892 0,83 34,0 OK NOKPeriod x 104,71 0,84 1861 0,52 43,7 OK NOKPeriod x+1 29,47 1,04 2190 0,86 38,8 OK NOKPeriod y 40,28 0,95 2074 0,98 34,5 OK NOKPeriod y+1 33,64 0,96 2083 0,99 30,3 OK NOK

SO2Calibration function: Variability:



o*kv = 89,6 o*kv = 24,9

Period 1 -0,92 0,94 1618 0,93 20,0 OK OKPeriod 2 14,68 0,92 1455 0,94 17,8 OK OKPeriod 3 14,83 0,93 1377 0,94 40,7 OK NOKPeriod x 121,22 0,61 1548 0,40 49,1 OK NOKPeriod x+1 42,50 0,89 1543 0,75 55,6 OK NOKPeriod y -6,91 0,98 1769 0,99 17,7 OK OKPeriod y+1 -7,67 0,98 1442 1,00 11,0 OK OK


Procal CO

COCalibration function: Variability:



o*kv= 20,7 o*kv = 12,4

Period 1 0,00 0,68 6 na 1,8 OK OKPeriod 2 0,00 0,42 10 na 3,4 OK OKPeriod 3 0,00 0,67 29 na 4,5 OK OKPeriod x 0,00 1,03 22 na 6,0 OK OKPeriod x+1 0,00 1,10 24 na 6,1 OK OKPeriod y 0,00 1,01 29 na 6,6 OK OKPeriod y+1 0,00 0,98 22 na 5,6 OK OK


SICK NO and SO2

NOCalibration function: Variability:



o*kv = 59,8 o*kv =19,9

Period 3 39,50 0,87 1904 0,87 27,4 OK NOKPeriod 4 5,63 0,95 2118 1,00 9,4 OK OKPeriod 4+1 0,43 0,96 2107 1,00 15,6 OK OKPeriod x -10,49 1,06 1923 0,80 27,8 OK NOKPeriod x+1 -35,39 1,12 2221 0,93 26,6 OK NOKPeriod y 10,87 0,97 2096 1,00 14,5 OK OKPeriod y+1 13,98 0,96 2108 1,00 13,1 OK OK

SO2Calibration function: Variability:



o*kv = 89,6 o*kv = 24,9

Period 3 14,83 0,93 1363 0,94 40,7 OK NOKPeriod 4 5,53 0,95 1362 1,00 23,0 OK OKPeriod 4+1 10,07 0,94 1350 0,99 24,4 OK OKPeriod x 89,10 0,75 1530 0,48 45,5 OK NOKPeriod x+1 36,81 0,94 1537 0,81 48,1 OK NOKPeriod y 7,75 0,96 1429 1,00 8,5 OK OKPeriod y+1 12,49 0,95 1429 1,00 11,6 OK OK


SICK COCO random

Calibration function: Variability:Upper validity

limit Test 1 Test 2a b mg/Nm³ std R² SD

o*kv= 20,7

o*kv = 12,4

Period 3 - - - - - - -Period x 0,00 2,51 23 5,7 OK OKPeriod x+1 0,00 2,71 28 6,4 OK OKPeriod y 0,00 3,96 51 na 14,7 OK NOKPeriod y+1 0,00 3,33 42 na 15,4 OK NOKPeriod 6 -0,21 1,22 395 0,99 31,3 NOK NOKPeriod 7 -0,10 0,97 605 1,00 56,4 NOK NOKPeriod 8 -2,44 0,83 202 0,88 26,4 NOK NOK

CO recalculéCalibration function: Variability:



o*kv= 20,7 o*kv = 12,4

Period 3bis 8,92 0,84 29 0,92 1,6 OK OKPeriod ybis 4,63 0,93 0,59 3,8 OK OKPeriod y+1 4,77 0,55 0,74 1,8 OK OK

bisPeriod 6bis -4,24 1,38 438 0,99 11,1 OK OKPeriod7Ter 0,08 0,94 33 0,95 4,3 OK OK



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WG Implementatie EN14181 in Vlaanderen April 07