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West Virginia
UniversityOOA Case Study: Pacemaker
A cardiac Pacemaker is an implanted device that assists cardiac functions when the underlying pathologies make the intrinsic heartbeats low or irregular.
The Pacemaker runs in either a programming mode or in one of the operational modes.
During programming, the programmer specifies the type of the operational mode.
The operational mode depends on whether the Atrium (A), Ventricle (V), or both are being monitored or paced.
West Virginia
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Case Study: Pacemaker
The programmer also specifies whether the
pacing is inhibit (I), triggered (T).
For example in the AVI operation mode, the
Atrium portion (A) of the heart is paced
(shocked), the Ventricular portion (V) of the
heart is sensed (monitored), and the Atrium
is only paced when a Ventricular pulse does
not occur
West Virginia
Universityuse case DiagramCase Study: Pacemaker (continued)
AVI operation AAI operation VVI operation AAT operation
Heart
VVT operation
Programmer
Programming mode
<<Extends>>
<<Extends>>
<<Extends>>
<<Extends>>
<<Extends>>
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Context Class Diagram
PatientsHeart
DoctorProgrammer
Observer
Pacemaker
Programming Magnet
HeartObservePaceMaker
Needed for
verification
purposes
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Lower-level Class Diagram
Reed_Switch
Coil_Driver
CommEnableCoil
Atrial_Model
Communication_GnomecommEnable_G
CoilCommCommChamber_A
Ventricular_Model
CommChamber_V
West Virginia
UniversityAVI Sequence Diagrams
Refractory “Initial”
Pacemaker (continued)
VentricularAtrial
RefractoryRefracory
1: RefTimeOut1: RefTimeOut
1.1: VrefractDone1.1: VrefractDone
Waiting Waiting
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UniversityAVI Sequence Diagrams
Sensed
Pacemaker (continued)
HeartVentricularAtrial
WaitingWaiting
1: VSense1: VSense
1.1: GotVSense1.1: GotVSense
WaitingWaiting
Reset Sense Timer
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UniversityAVI Sequence Diagrams
Unsensed
Pacemaker (continued)
HeartVentricularAtrial
WaitingWaiting
1: SenseTimeOut1: SenseTimeOut
1.1: APaceStart1.1: APaceStart
Pacing Pacing
2: Pace2: Pace
3: PaceTimeOut'3: PaceTimeOut'
3.1: APaceDone3.1: APaceDone
RefractoryRefractory
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Atrial statechart
Case Study: Pacemaker (continued)
West Virginia
UniversityAtrial statechartCase Study: Pacemaker (continued)
Off
On
ToOffToOn
ini tial ize
ToOffToOn
ini tial ize
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Atrial statechartCase Study: Pacemaker (continued)
Idle
A_AVI
A_Self_inhibited
A_Self_triggered
ToOn ToOff
ToTriggered
ToInhibited
ToAVI
ToOnToOnToOn ToOffToOff
ToTriggered
ToInhibited
ToAVI
ToOn
West Virginia
UniversityAtrial statechartCase Study: Pacemaker (continued)
Refractory
Wait
Pacing
ToAVI
A_Pace_Pulse_Done
V_Refract_Done_Received
ini tial ize
V_Sense_Received
Time_Out
ToAVIToAVI
A_Pace_Pulse_Done
V_Refract_Done_Received
ini tial ize
V_Sense_Received
Time_Out
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UniversityAVI Sequence Diagrams
Pacemaker (continued)
Atrial Ventricular Heart
Waiting Waiting
Pacing Pacing
Refactoring Refactoring
Pace
PaceTimeOut
RefTimeOut
V Refract Done
A Pace Start
A Pace Done
Atrial Ventricular Heart
Sense Timeout
Atrial Ventricular Heart
Waiting Waiting
RefTimeOut
V Refract Done
V Sense Got V Sense
Waiting
Reset Sense Timer
In case of sensing a heart beat
In case of not sensing a heart beat
A sequence diagram for the Programming scenarioProgrammer ReedSwitch CoilDriver Communication
GnomeAtrial Ventricular
ApplyMagnetEnableComm
EnableComm
Pulse
Receiving
IDLE
Pulse
Count++,ResetTimer
BitTimeoutDecode(Count)Store Bit in Byte
Byte Full?enqueue(byte)Yes
ByteTimeOut
Waiting for Bit
IDLE
Count = 1, SetTimer
PulseCount =0
Receiving
ByteTimeOut
OR
IDLE
Waiting For Byte
Validating
IsValid?
Processing
ToAVI
ToON
ToON
ToAVI
YesHerezaByte(ACK)
No
HerezaByte(NAK)
Waiting to Transmit
Waiting to Send Next Byte
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•Sample statechart diagram
Of the Coil Driver
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West Virginia
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Object Interaction Diagram
Case Study: Pacemaker
