' . * Form No. 10-300 (Rev. 10-74) ... I , - - * . . U NlTED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM

SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLETENATIONAL REGISTER FORMS . ,- - TYPE ALL ENTRIES -- COMPLETE APPLICABLE SECTIONS

NAME :. . - .

HISTORIC ' .. -Craik-Patton House; "Elm p rove" " . . . . . - . - ,

AND/OR COMMON - C . . C .

~ r a i k - p a t t o n House . . . . . LOCATION ' . . . , . < . .

STREET& NUMBER . .Daniel -Boone Roadside Park, U.S ., Route 60 . r + -NOT FOR PUBLICATION

CITY, TOWN CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT

Charleston - VICIN~TY OF Third STATE COUNTY

West Virginia Kanawha &BE ~C~JASSIFICATION

* . CATEGORY OWNERSHIP . STATUS PRESENT USE

-DISTRICT . x ~ ~ ~ ~ l ~ Z O C C U PIED -- -AGRICULTURE -MUSEUM

XBUILDINGW -PRIVATE -UNOCCUPIED -COMMERCIAL -PARK

-STRUCTURE -BOTH -WORK I N PROGRESS ' -EDUCATIONAL ' . -PRIVATE RESIDENCE

-SITE PUBLIC ACQUISITION ACCESSIBLE -ENTERTAINMENT LRELIGIOUS -OBJECT -IN PROCESS X-YES: RESTRICTED ,GOVERNMENT S C I E N T I F I C

-BEING CONSIDERED -YES UNRESTRICTED -1NDUSTRIDL -TRANSPORTATION

-NO -MI LITARY

OWNER OF PROPERTY NAME ? I'

Ce/cb.:C, L?i> f s 3- +., -.. .. , 2 4 . 8

STREET & NUMBER

City Hall , Virginia S t r e e t CITY. TOWN STATE

Charles ton - VICINITY OF West Vi rg in ia

BLOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION COURTHOUSE. REGISTRY OF OEEDSETC. Kanawha County Courthouse .

STREET & NUMBER 416 Kanawha Boulevard, East

CITY. TOWN STATE

Charles ton West Virginia

REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS TITLE

West Virginia Ant iqu i t i e s ork kiss ion H i s t o r i c S i t e s Survey DATE

1965- FEDERAL XSTATE -COUNTY LOCAL

DEPOSITORY FOR West Virginia Ant iau i t i e s Commission - suRvn Old Mountainlair, & s t Vi rg in ia Universi ty CITY, TOWN

- -

i ' 5 . +. DESCRIPTION - : ..: .-. . ': ' . - , , .

< . . ' - - , _. . . _. * . *

2 . . . , . . . CONDITION :.! - . -, - . I CHECK ONE--,^;-^^^.^^ CHECK ONE . . ~ ' 2 ' : - . '

' .:.: --- ; *- . - . - r . . - - . - ,DETERIORATED <; 5.: J 7;. -U(CELLENT - '. I . : - . . - : , U N A L T E R E ~ : ; ? ~ . ; ~ ~ . ~ ~ _ ' , O R I G I N A L S I ~ E 4 .- - - - t- -

it - . .. . . + ,--RUINS ; .:>,Y; .'" . : : , - ' ~ L T E R ~ D + ~ ; .y,-,li$.r.L ,. ~ , ~ V E D -. >l\lEiqV. - -

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- .!. - The Craik-Patton House i s p resen t ly s i t u a t e d Jn Daniel Boone Roadside Park, U.S.

- Route 60, - Charles ton, Kanawha County, ov,erlooking d . . < A ~ - t h e Ra-nawha ,.River,.. The s t r u c t u r e i s * : -' placed on a high (about f,oLir f e e t above grdund) ,. cut-'$ton& ,foundi&bn which houses a " Z'- - :+ '4 -? . caretaker.'s,-,apartinent, meeting haPx, -exhibit"spa'ce,: ki tchen, 'off ice, a n r f ' r k t - room-<l : ,

-. $.- : f a c i l i t i e s .'. : Tlie house i t s e l f i s i n t h r e c d i ~ t i n c ~ : u n i t a ' < n d 'must We, apprdached -by. ' A - . , :,, , _. . -*-" ' -rrrar..- -, .il- . *,.'.d.~ .f.... .-- 'I - .-.*e. -

- . high stair: on t h e f r o n t or' r ea r , . - . . . . z.,::. . . .. . - $ 2

A t y p i c a i Greek Revival s t r u c t u r e , ' it has. beeiiihaidehid s o i n ~ w ~ a t ^ ~ b ~ local . . inter: . - -3 :- . - . ;- + pre ta t iqn . . It - i s b i l a t e r a l l y symmetrical and c o n s i s t s of ' three :rectangular blocks, , t h e c e n t e r s e c t i o n being a - b i t h igher but, not ad deep a s - ...- 'the-wings.:. Cla_ssicaT. teniple . . E . . form wi th a . p r o j e c t i n g por t i co i s followed fn t h e main 'unit; ' t h e 'rqof r idge 'tuns' from

r f r o n t t o back i n t h e gabled cen te r and only about , thfee-quartersL,o$- t h e Length of t h e . z . . s i d e u n i t s , f o r t h e l a t t e r h a v e ' a r e a r gable and hipped f r o n t . Although t h e roofs

i. - I a r e of generall3,low 'pitch, the cen te r s e c t i o n .i;s high& t h k i <hat "of 'tEie wings;- All: . - * - . c c ! : windows and doors a r e t rabeated . ' : - ;, - % I . _I .. - _.

- , . * - ,*

I . i Four massive columns support t h e extended c e n t e r roof with p i l a s t e r s 'placed t

1 ' agains t t h e facade. . - The main entrance i ~ ~ t h r o u g h ' n a r r o w double doors a b ~ v ~ w h i c h i s a genm-ical d iv 'T -oh af i s i o n s - i n ssuares and diamonds.' Fluted p i l a s t e r s

a r e on each s i d e of t h e e d r a n c e , and t h e facade a l s o has long, 12/12 windows on t h e i c e n t r a l sec t ion. The wings a r e s e t back about a foot froin t h e f r o n t of t h e main u n i t and a r e noted by t h e d e n t i l molding on the , f r o n t and s i d e cori'ce; * Window arrangement i n t h e s i d e u n i t s incorpora tes two, 916 sashes on t h e facade and t h r e e . o f s i m i l a r s t y l e on t h e s i d e wi th none. a t t h e r e a r . - . . _.,

There a r e t h r e e b r i c k chimneys p ro jec t ing ,from the* structure-, ' ofie i n each wingr behind t h e point a t which t h e r idge of the roof d iv ides t o form the' h i p -and ' the o t h e r on t h e west s i d e of t h e c e n t r a l s e c t i o n about midway between f r o n t and r e a r . F i replaces have a l l been opened and c e i l i n g s r a i s e d t o t h e i r o r i g i n a l he ight . The i n t e r i o r c o n s i s t s of an ent rance h a l l behind which i s a l a r g e main room. E i the r wing can be approached from t h i s entrance ves t ibu le , and i t i s believed t h e house o r i g i n a l l y had two rooms i n the west wing and th ree i n t h e e a s t wing.- I

A t t h e t i m e of i t s move t o i ts present l o c a t i o n i n September 1973, t h d s t r u c t u r e ' had a door c u t i n t o t h e r e a r of t h e l e f t wing and a window i n the r i g h t wing. Both of these have been removed. It was on a foundation much c l o s e r t o t h e ground, bu t t h i s was a change from t h e high basement (s imi lar t o t h e present) of i t s loca t ion before t h e f i r s t move i n 1906. The r e a r g a l l e r y was enclosed f o r u s e as a ki tchen after .1906; t h i s has s ince been opened t o give t h e look of the o r i g i n a l . - A sheet metal roof ( s t i l l i n place) has replaced shingles .

When f i r s t constructed i n about 1834, t h e ~ r a i k - p a t t o n House was on Virginia S t r e e t i n Charleston. It i s t h e proposal of t h e c u s t o d i a l organization--the National Society of Colonial Dames of America Resident i n West Virginia--to r e s t o r e t h e bui ld ing t o t h i s period. The s t r u c t u r e was moved i n 1973 i n order t o save it from t h e t h r e a t of demoli- t i o n f o r property reuse a s a commercial p lo t . Accomplished over a period of two days, the house was divided i n t o i t s t h r e e u n i t s and t ranspor ted about 2% "miles. The new s e t t i n g i s a c t u a l l y c l o s e r t o t h e o r i g i n a l (pre-1906) Virginia S t r e e t locat ion, f o r i t '

o f f e r s more open a r e a and e l iminates thd run down and shoddy condi t ions 'on Lee S t r e e t . The h i s t o r i c a l e f f e c t has been minimized by t h e f a c t t h a t t h e s t r u c t u r e ' s a r c h i t e c t u r e remains i n t a c t and t h e new a rea is c l o s e r i n environment t o 1834 Charleston than was t h e o b d L e r e e t property.

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- .- -- i F~TATEMENT - OF SIGNIFICANCE -;. . - - -- s. - R e Craik-Patton ~ o i i s e i s a f i n e example of Greek Revival a r ch i t ec tu re applied and ' '-:;linterpreted i n an in te res t ing frame s t ruc ture dat ing from the f i r s t ha l f of the nine- * 5 :-;teenth century. Bui l t f o r 9. Charleston lawyer-clergyman who was the grandson of George

. 1 "

: r ZF -$~ashin'gton's family physician and. son of Washington's secretary during h i s second: - :. -$ .;. . :administration, the house was l a t e r occupied by George S. Patton I, a noted mi l i t a ry . . i +-; . * I % -:leader i n western,Virginia during the Civi l .a - War .. and grandfather of World war.11'~ General

- 1'- &&or& S. patton. . - . - . - _ . . ; I 1;: b $ .. 2 - Construction took place soon a f t e r the &arlestop l o t on which i f was b u i l t was -r - T I - $ p u r c h a s ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - l n - ~ ~ r ; r o v e , + x s T € l a t e r becamekTWn, .= I - - 2 followed c l a s s i c Greek Revival l ines; fo r the most par t , - with - f ree ' in te rpre ta t ion by the I - ' - s r ' 3 : - - < loca l builder. Although small a<d unpretentious, especial ly ..a,-. by , - today's standards, the

, .-::Craik-Patton House i s in te res t ing i n i t s pat tern; ' As noted. i n the ' descr ipt i&, i t i s * - :*. - zb i l a t e r a l ly s p e t r i c a l and consis ts of three rectangular blocks,'- The- ceniyal u n i t .

r F 3 --. i -:- i s somewhat less deep than the s ide sections, b u t - t h e r e a r e no dist inguishing t rans i - - 4 ; - - t iona l features between them. Classical temple form i s followed i n a projecting portico,

1 -supported by four massive columns, which crosses' the middle par t . Roofs are of generally I - . ;

. ; -. , low pi tch with t he center a b i t s teeper than the s ides; the r idge runs from front t o f I- ,back i n the main un i t , whereas the wings have a hipped f ron t and a gabled rear . Wall

- -* g -- surfaces a r e rath'er f l a t , and a l l windows and doors a r e &abeated. Though now i n need

of paint , the frame s t ruc ture was or ig ina l ly white, , ! The f i r s t owner of the house was Reverend James Craik, son of George Washington's

, secretary during h i s second administration, George Washington Craik, an$ grandson of i Washington's family physician and c lose personal f r iend, Dr . James Craik. A t the time : he purchased the lo t , Craik was a licensed and pract ic ing lawyer who was married t o

J u l i e t Shrewsbury, amember of a p r o m i n e n t f a m i l y i n t h e C h a r l e s t o n a r e a . ' B y 1 8 3 9 h e i - changed professions and became a clergyman, serving Charles ton's St . ~ o h n ' s' Episcopal $ -

Church from 1839 t o 1844 when he moved t o Louisvil le, Kentucky, I In 1858, the house was bought by George Smith Patton i n h i s wife 's name (Susan i la sell patton) and would remain i n t h i s family u n t i l near t he end of the Civil War.

George S. Patton 11, fa ther of the noted World War I1 general, George S. Patton, w a s , bornhere . Pat tonhad or ig ina l ly come t o Char les ton in 1856 to pract ice law. Hehad

graduated from Virginia Mili tary I n s t i t u t e i n 1852, and when he rnoved west he took with 1 him a strong d isc ip l ine and l ik ing fo r the mil i tary-social organization he had known

i n Richmond as the "Light Infantry Blues." He helped organize the "Kanawha Riflemen" i n 1856 along the l ines of the Blues and became the f i r s t captain of the uni t .

The Riflemen, a f i r s t - r a t e d r i l l i n g company dressed in f i ne green uniforms, Mere I generally of monied families of the area. Their reputation was widespread i n western

) Virginia where they appeared on occasion a t f a i r s and other soc i a l gatherings. With the - - , - ett-€itil ' r Q a r S - ~ = ~ e p s & w n e S s of &re- - --

Confederacy as Company H of the 22nd Virginia Infantry.

Dayton, Ruth Woods. P ioneers and Their Homes on Upper Kanawha. Charleston, W.Va.: West V i r g i n i a Publ i sh ing Co., 1947. (pp. 242-47)

Cohen, Stan. "Colonel George S. Pa t ton and t h e 22nd V i r g i n i a I n f a n t r y ~ e g i m e n t ." West V i r g i n i a His tory , XXVI (Apr. 1965), 178-90, -

Husley, Val. " 'Men of Virginia--Men of Kanawha--To Arms ! ' : A H i s t o r y of t h e Twenty- second V i r g i n i a Volunteer I n f a n t r y Regiment, C.S.A." West V i r g i n i a History, XXXV (Apr. 1974). 220-36.

GEOGRAPHICAL DATA ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY 3/4 acre UTM REFERENCES

AM I4I4181718101 L41214t215 17 IoJ

,ZO,NE,

~ W l 1 J ~ ~ l l J J ~ ~ 1 ZONE EASTING NORTHING

VERBAL BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION

LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES , . ., I-

STATE CODE. COUNTY CODE

STATE , CODE COU NTY. CODE

NAME / TITLE . James E. Harding, Research Analyst

ORGANIZATION DATE West V i r g i n i a A n t i q u i t i e s Commission March 7, 1975

STREET& NUMBER TELEPHONE

Old Mounta in la i r , West V i r g i n i a Un ive r s i t y ( 304 ) 292-1527 CITY OR TOWN STATE

Morgant own West V i r g i n i a

a STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER CERTIFICATION THE EVALUATED SIGNIFICANCE OFTHIS PPOPERTY WITHIN THE STATE IS:

& . - . NATIONAL - . STATE - LOCAL '

As the designated State Historic Prase er for the National H hereby nominate this property for incl National Register a

4

West V i r g i n i a S t a t e H i s t o r i c P re se rva t ion Of f i ce r OATE March 25 9

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. . . . : . , Form No-lo-301 . . : . . . 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . . - - . . .

. . - .~ . (R&. 10-74) . . - - . . . . . . . 2 - : - 3 . . . A i.3 . . . . U N ~ T E D S?&TES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR . . . - :. ...

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . f , . .- . - . . . - -. . . . . - : : :,:{ NATIONAL PARKSERVICE. :. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . . ,. . ' . . $ . ,,, . . . . . . . ' _ . . -- . j - . . NATIONAL'QEGIST~R OF HISTORIC PLACES.,

PROPERTY MAP FORM.

SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS 4

,

TYPE ALL ENTRIES - - t E N C ~ O S E WITH MAP I

1 . .

m N A M E ! HISTORIC

~ r a i k - Pat ton House; "Elm Grove"

AND/OR COMMON Craik-Patton House

LOCATION CITY. TOWN VICINITY OF COUNTY STATE

Charleston Kanawha West Virginia

MAP REFERENCE SOURCE U. S . Geological Survey

Charleston East, W.Va. SCALE 1 : 24000 DATE 1957 (Photorevised 1971)

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g REQUIREMENTS TO BE INCLUDED ON ALL MAPS

1. PROPERTY BOUNDARIES 2. NORTH ARROW