Weld Joint Geometry and Welding Symbols

Types of weldsGroove weldsWelding Technology Lee Co. ATC

Images compliments ofthe American Welding Society

Types of Welds

• Numerous welds can be applied to the various types of joints

• Considerations when choosing joint geometry and weld types:– accessibility to the joint for welding– type of welding process being used– suitability to the structural design– cost of welding

Types of Welds

• There are nine categories of welds associated with weld symbols– Groove welds – Fillet Welds– Plug or Slot welds – Stud welds– Spot or projection welds– Seam welds– Back Or Backing welds– Surfacing welds– Flange Welds

Types of WeldsGroove Welds

• A groove weld is “ a weld made in a groove between the work pieces”

• There are eight types of groove welds– Square-groove– Scarf – V-groove– Bevel-groove– U-groove– J-groove– Flare-v-groove – Flare-bevel-groove

Groove Welds Square and double square-groove welds

• Square-groove welds are the most economical to use, but are limited by thickness of the members

• Welds for one side are normally limited to a 1/4 inch or less

Groove WeldsV-and double V-groove welds

•With thicker materials joint accessibility must be provided for welding to ensure weld soundness and strength

Groove WeldsBevel- and double-bevel-groove welds

• Bevel- and J- groove welds are more difficult to weld than V- or U- groove welds

• Bevel welds are easier in horizontal

Types of Welds U-groove and Double U-groove

• Welds in using J- and U-grooves can be used to minimize weld metal

• These welds are very useful in thicker sections

Groove WeldsJ-and double-J-groove welds• J-groove are more difficult to weld because of the one vertical side (except in horizontal)

• J-and U- are used when economic factors outweigh the cost of edge preparation

Groove Weldsflare-bevel and flare-v-groove welds

• Flare -bevel and flare-v-groove welds are used in connection with flanged or rounded member

Groove WeldsScarf

• Scarf is used for brazing

Groove Welds

• Their names imply what the actual configurations look like when viewed in a cross section

• Single groove welds are welded from only one side

• Double groove welds are welded on both sides

• Groove welds in many combinations are used selection is influenced by accessibility, economy, adaptation to structural design