Upload
pradeep-kumar-raju-b
View
606
Download
62
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
1/29/03 1
WELCOMEWELCOME
ESAB Welding InstituteESAB Welding Institute
ChennaiChennai
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
REJECTABILITY
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld DefectsFormation of Pores
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Uniformly distributed porosity
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Surface porosity in a ‘T’ joint on a primed plate
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Porosities in the weld bead
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
• Elongated pores or worm holes
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects» Principal gases causing porosity and recommended
cleaning methods
• Material Gas Cleaning• C Mn steel Hydrogen, Nitrogen Grind to remove
and Oxygen scale coatings• Stainless steel Hydrogen Degrease + wire
brush • Aluminium and alloys Hydrogen Chemical clean +
wire brush + degrease + scrape
• Copper and alloys Hydrogen, Nitrogen Degrease + wire brush + degrease
• Nickel and alloys Nitrogen Degrease + wire brush + degrease
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Incomplete Fusion of Side Wall
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Incomplete inter-run fusion
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Insufficient Penetration• Root Face too thick
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Insufficient Penetration• Root Face too Narrow
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Insufficient Penetration• Misplaced Welds
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Insufficient Penetration• Power Input too Low
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Insufficient Penetration• Arc (heat) input too low
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Effect of electrode size on root fusion• Too large a diameter
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Effect of electrode size on root fusion
• Too small a diameter
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld DefectsPotential and actual Hydrogen levels in Weld
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld DefectsHydrogen crack examples
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects• Crack in coarse grained HAZ due to
Hydrogen embrittlement
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld DefectsPreheating to avoid HIC
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Guide to Preheat Temperature
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
• Micrograph of a crack in coarse grained Weld
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Intergranullar morphology of a reheat crack
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Solidification Crack
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Weld bead penetration too small
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
• Brittle fracture in CrMoV Steel Pressure Vessel - Combination of Hydrogen Induced Cracking
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Slag inclusion due to a poor bead - Convex
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Smooth Bead profile allows easy slag removal
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Radiograph of Slag Inclusions
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Grinding out Slag Inclusions
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Thickness measurements
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
• Measurement of Combined Thickness
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Lamellar Tearing
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Fracture face of Lamellar Tearing
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld DefectsSuggested configuration to avoid Lamellar Tearing
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Suggested configuration to avoid lamellar Tearing
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
Suggested configuration to avoid lamellar Tearing
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
• Buttering to avoid Lamellar Tearing
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
In-situ buttering to avoid Lamellar Tearing
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
• Arc Deflection By Magnetic Forces
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
• Bead Deflection in dc SMAW
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects
ES
AB
Weld
ing
Institu
teC
hennai
Weld Defects