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Today’s exciting Today’s exciting topic….topic….

Energy Flow

GeneralStuff

Photo-synthes

is

Leaf Anatom

y

Light Depende

nt Reaction

Light Independe

nt Reaction

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PowerPoint Jeopardy

Food Chains and energy flow:

a)Energy enters the ecosystem in the form of?

b)Organisms that can make their own food are called?

c)Organisms that cannot make their own food are called?

a) Sunlight

b)Autotrophs

c) Heterotrophs

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What are the two principal energy carrying molecules of the cell?

Distinguish between each one.

ADP and ATP

ATP is very energy-rich.ADP is energy poor.

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How does ATP become ADP?

Why is this important to the life of the cell?

ATP becomes ADP when the third phosphate is removed.

The removal of this phosphate releases energy that the can use

for cellular processes.

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What are the three components of an ATP molecule?

The five carbon sugar, ribose

The nitrogen base, adenine

Three phosphate groups

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a) What are pigments?

b) Which pigment is essential to photosynthesis?

c) What is the color of this essential pigment?

a) Pigments are substances that absorb some wavelengths of light and reflect other wavelengths of light.

b) Chlorophyll

c) Green

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What is the name of the coenzyme that carries high

energy electrons from the light dependent reactions to the light

independent reactions?

NADP+

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Water is required for photosynthesis. In which

reaction is water used?

The light dependent reactions

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Carbon dioxide is required for photosynthesis. In

which reaction is carbon dioxide used?

The light independent reactions

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a) In what part of the chloroplast does the light dependent reaction

occur?

b) In what part of the chloroplast does the light independent reaction

occur?

a)Thylakoids

b)Stroma

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What is ATP synthase and how does it work?

ATP synthase is an enzyme that converts ADP to ATP.

Hydrogen ions flow through ATP synthase, turning a rotor. The energy

generated by this is used to bond a phosphate onto ADP to form ATP.

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Life on Earth is dependent on photosynthesis for what

two things?

Food (glucose) and Oxygen

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What is the equation for photosynthesis?

CO2 + H2O + sunlight C6H12O6 + O2

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How does the plant acquire the reactants it needs for

photosynthesis?

a) Carbon dioxide from the atmosphere enters the leaf through the stomata.

b) Water from the soil is absorbed by the roots.

c) The sunlight is absorbed by molecules of chlorophyll.

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One of the major problems that land plants must deal with is

dehydration. How might a high rate of photosynthesis lead to

water loss in the plant?

When the stomata are open to take in carbon dioxide for photosynthesis, water

vapor escapes from the leaf.

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What are three factors that might affect the rate of photosynthesis?

The availability of water

Light intensity

Temperature

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What is the name of the waxy layer of the leaf that helps to prevent

water loss?

Cuticle

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a) What is the name of the pores found in the leaf?

b)What materials are exchanged through these pores?

The pores are called stomata.

Carbon dioxide moves into the leaf.

Oxygen and water move out of the leaf.

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a)What is the name of the tubes that carry water upward in the

plant?

b)What is the name of the tubes that carry food out of the leaf?

a)Xylem

b)Phloem

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a)What is the name of the flattened sacs found inside the chloroplast

that contain the chlorophyll molecules.

b)What is the name of the dense solution found inside the

chloroplast?

a)Thylakoids

b) Stroma

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What is the name of the cluster of chlorophyll molecules that are embedded in the thylakoids and serve as the light collecting units

of photosynthesis?

photosystems

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Chlorophyll molecules in photosystems I and II absorb energy from the sun. What

happens to the electrons of these chlorophyll molecules?

The electrons gain energy and become excited. They are

boosted to higher energy levels and are transferred to electron

acceptors.

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How are the electrons that are lost from each

photosystem replaced?

Electrons from photosystem II are passed down an electron transport chain to

photosystem I.

Water molecules are split and the electrons from these hydrogen atoms are

used to replace the lost electrons of photosystem II.

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What happens to the oxygen when water molecules are split in

the light dependent reactions?

The oxygen is released into the atmosphere.

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As electrons are passed down the electron transport chain, energy is released. What is this energy used to produce?

ATP

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What two things are produced in the light dependent reactions that are required for the light

independent reactions?

ATP and NADPH

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The purpose of the light independent reactions is to incorporate _______ from

the atmosphere into molecules of ________.

Carbon dioxide

Glucose

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Carbon dioxide joins with a 5- carbon sugar called _______ to form a very unstable 6-carbon

molecule.

What is this process called?

RuBP

Carbon Fixation

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The unstable 6-carbon compound breaks apart to form two molecules

of _____.

PGA

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With the help of the high energy products from the light

dependent reactions, _____ and _______, the PGA will be

converted into molecules of ______.

ATP and NADPH

PGAL

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The PGAL molecules that are produced can be used for two

things. What two things?

PGAL + PGAL will form molecules of glucose.

Some PGAL is used to regenerate RuBP so that the

reaction can occur again.

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