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Children are not little people Their responses to exercise—both acute and chronic—are different from adults.
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Welcome to Seminar: Unit 3
Exercise and Children and Youth
Agenda/Topics
Response to exerciseSpecial considerationsTestingRecommendationsCase StudiesQ & A
Children are not little people
Their responses to exercise—both acute and chronic—are different
from adults.
Children are not little people
What does ‘acute’ mean?What does ‘chronic’ mean?
Strong evidence supports regular PA and exercise in children and youth (see pg 273 in Howley & Franks)
How do children respond differently to exercise?
How do children respond differently to exercise?Are lower in their ability to generate
ATP Do not dissipate heat as well as adultsAre not as economical in their
movementsAchieve steady state better than adultsAre very well suited to intermittent
activities
How are adults and children similar?
How are adults and children similar?Both perform endurance tasks well
(VO2max)Both perform very short, intense exercise
Special Considerations
What are some considerations that we need to account for in children and youth?VarietyFunGamesNot overemphasizing sportsProper form, fundamentals, Downplay competition
What changes have occurred in the last 50 years or so, and what affect has this had on our children of today being active on a regular basis?
What changes have occurred in the last 50 years or so, and what affect has this had on our children of today being active on a regular basis?To sum it up:
IN CREASES in SEDENTARY BEHAVIORS
Testing
Presidents Council on Physical Fitness and Sport
Fitness gram
Both very popular in the school setting
Testing
1950’s—PCYF est. Pres. EisenhowerAmerican Association for Health PE and
Recreation (AAPHER)—Youth Fitness TestPullup, situp, shuttle run, standing broad
jump, 50yd dash, softball throw, 600 yard run/walk
80’s AAPHERD—Health Related Phys. Fitness Test1mi run, BC, sit and reach, sit ups
PCPFS—health and fitness tests/Fitnessgram
PA Guidelines for Children
For adolescents (post pubescent) use adult recommendations
Children age 5-12 (pg 276 Howley & Franks)Avoid extended Inactivity (>2hours)Accumulate >60min of PA most daysIntermittently include mod to vigorous PA of
>15min (with rest or lighter PA)Variety!!
Physical Activity Recommendations
Motor skillsOpportunities to playReward both the behavior and the
outcome
Strength Training and Children
At what age can children begin strength training?
Strength Training and Children
At what age can children begin strength training?No minimum age BUT…need to be matureStudies regarding skeletal concerns not well
conductedCurrent studies suggest many benefits to ST in
childrenFocus on form and technique—NOT on weightMay be MORE enjoyable for many overweight
youth
Strength Training and Children
What precautions or guidelines should we follow when strength training in children?Parent complete HSQProper supervision,Adapt equipment to children,Teach proper form and technique1-2 sets, 8-10 exercises, 8-15 reps/set
of major muscle groups, 2-3 sessions on non-consecutive days
Encourage other activities
Case Study #1
Based on our discussions tonight regarding the importance of physical activity in children and youth, how would you respond to finding out that recess and PE are going to be shortened and/or cut in your child’s school?
Case Study #2
How would you respond to a parent who wants his/her child to strength train using very heavy weights for few repetitions in efforts to gain strength and power so that they can excel in their pop warner football league?
Q & A