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Welcome to First Aid & CPR SED 205 Instructor: Derek Belcher Class time: 7pm 9pm Where: Right Here! My contact info: (304) 887-4868 Text me! belcherds@concord.edubelcherds@concord.edu Preferred www.dereksplace.org

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Before Giving Care & Checking an Injured or Ill Person

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Your Role in the EMS System Dont panic! Recognize the need for help Decide to Act Activate EMS Give care until help arrives

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Barriers to Act Panic or fear of screwing up Being unsure of whats wrong Assuming someone else will act Fear of catching disease Fear of being sued

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Disease Transmission What are some of the biggest diseases we are afraid of? Likely hood of contracting HIV or Hepatitis while providing First Aid VERY RARE

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Precautions Avoid direct (exposed skin) contact with blood and other body fluids. Use protective CPR Barrier Use gloves Wash Hands Immediately

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Good Samaritan Law Im not a doctor But I did take first aid in college

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Good Samaritan Law Designed to protect the layperson responder NOT A PROFESSIONAL Reasonable Prudent Within Scope of Practice Abandonment Deliberately Negligent

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If you do nothing else The most important thing you can do as a layperson responder is to call for help. If you dont callThey probably dont live.

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If you do nothing else Remember: Stay on the line until the dispatcher tells you to hang up. Even if you are providing carekeep the line open.

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How long do I provide care? Continue to provide care until: 1.You see obvious signs of life 2.You are relieved by someone trained or EMS 3.You are too exhausted to continue 4.The scene becomes too dangerous to stay

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A word about consent We all have the basic right to refuse care - to decide what happens to our body. For a conscious adult (age 18 or older) You must get consent before you can treat. You can still call 911 regardless, but dont touch someone if they say NO!

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A word about consent We all have the basic right to refuse care - to decide what happens to our body. For an unconscious anyone or for a child under 18 Consent is IMPLIED You dont have to ask. For children that have a parent or guardian present where you can speak to them, you must get parents permission. If they arent there or around it is implied consent.

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Taking Action! Check The Scene & The Person

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Is the Scene Safe? 1.Dangers to you 2.Dangers to bystanders 3.Dangers to patients If its not safe to helpCALL 911 and stay back!

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Gather Info 1.What happened? 2.How many people? 3.Other help? 4.What is wrong? Immediate Threat 1.Not Breathing 2.No Pulse 3.Profuse Bleeding 4.Child / Infant

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Checking a Conscious Adult Consent Immediate Life Threats Interview What happened? Where does it hurt? Are you allergic to any medication? Are you taking medication or have any medical condition (Diabetic, Asthma, etc.)

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Checking a Conscious Adult Interview (cont) Pain? Where? Can I see it? Remember modesty if possible How long has it been painful? How would you rate it? (Use scale of 1-10, with 10 being worst pain ever felt)

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Checking a Conscious Adult Head to Toe DO NOT ATTEMPT TO MOVE ANY PART THEY SAID HURTS Start at the patients head Look for: Any bleeding, bruising Feel the forehead temperature Look in Ears, Nose, Mouth, Eyes Continue down the body Chest, Arms, hands, Hip / Pelvic area, Legs, Knees, Feet

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Checking a Conscious Adult Always watch for a change in level of consciousness (LOC) For example, grandpa is talking normally and then suddenly has slurred speech or cant remember what you just said Be aware of how skin feels and looks Is it clammy and pale? Look at finger nails and toe nails are they bluish in color

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Checking a Conscious Adult Look for any medical alert jewelry bracelet or necklace Try to keep the patient calm and still. Dont move anyone unless it is too dangerous for them to stay where they are

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Checking a Un-Conscious Adult Tap and Shout Hey Hey are you Ok? Call or have someone call 911 FIRST THING! Roll the person to their back Gently and try to keep the neck and head as still as possible in case they have an injury Look Listen - Feel Check for bleeding

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Checking a Un-Conscious Adult Head Tilt / Chin Lift 1.Hand on forehead 2.Hand under chin 3.Tilt with both hands

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Checking a Un-Conscious Adult Not Breathing? Well talk about that soon! Breathing? Is it normal, like youre breathing right now?

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Checking a Un-Conscious Adult Breathing normally, has a pulse, and not bleeding Maintain the Head Tilt Chin Lift and look down the body for other obvious injuries

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Checking a Un-Conscious Adult If the person vomits, fluids block airway, or if you must leave (to get more help): H.A.IN.E.S High arm in endangered spine recovery position

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Conscious Child / Infant Get consent (if parent / guardian are near) They may be frightened approach slowly and on their level Let them warm up to you a little before you go poking and prodding

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Shock What makes us tick? Heart working adequately Adequate amount of oxygen rich blood circulating In-tact blood vessels that can adjust blood flow

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Shock

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Shock What to look for Restlessness, Irritability Altered LOC Nausea and Vomiting Pale, ashen, cool, moist skin Rapid Breathing or Pulse Excessive Thirst

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Taking Action! Call 911 or Local Emergency #

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When to Call? If you are EVER IN DOUBT Unconscious or altered LOC Breathing problems Chest Pain Abdominal Pain Persistent Vomiting Blood or Passing Blood Severe Burns Poisoning

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When to Call? If you are EVER IN DOUBT Stroke Head, Neck, Spine Injury Broken Bone

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Taking Action! Care For the person that is hurt

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Caring for an injured / ill person Do no further harm Breathing & Consciousness Bleeding Control it (well learn how) Make them comfortable but limit movement keep them warm or cool depending on situation Give care that you are trained to give

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Caring for an injured / ill person

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Transport or Wait? NEVER EVER If moving the person may aggravate the injury If the person could develop a life threatening condition If you are unsure of the nature of the illness or injury

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Transport or Wait? If you do transport Take a buddy in case the situation gets worse Know where youre going Discourage the person from driving themselves

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Moving an injured person Only if Immediate danger to the person (fire, lack of oxygen, etc.) To get to someone with a more severe life threading problem When necessary to provide proper care (CPR, Control Bleeding, etc.)

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Moving an injured person Types of Non-Emergency Moves Walking Assist Two-Person Carry

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Walking Assist Either one or two people helping. One person: Have the injured person place an arm (if leg injury the arm on the same side) across your shoulder. Put your arm behind their back, grab the shirt Use your other hand to hold their arm that is around your shoulder

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Walking Assist Either one or two people helping. Two Person: Have the injured person put an arm around each rescuers shoulder. Rescuers each grab the hand of the arm around the shoulder and cross your arms on the back of the injured person and grab their shirt.

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Two Person Seat Carry Rescuers face each other and your forward arms interlock at the forearm Place these arms under the injured persons knee / thigh area Injured person puts their arms around each rescuers shoulders. REMEMBER LIFT WITH YOUR LEGS, NOT YOUR BACK!

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Emergency Moves Pack Strap Carry Clothes Drag Blanket Drag Ankle Drag

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Emergency Moves Pack Strap Carry: Rescuer grabs the arms of the victim and pulls them over each shoulder like you are putting on a back pack. Lean forward and take the person on your back.

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Emergency Moves Clothes Drag: Grab the injured persons shirt at the shoulders and pull until the shirt is around the head. Be careful not to choke the victim Use the shirt to lift the head GENTLY and pull them head first away from the danger.

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Emergency Moves Blanket Drag: Roll the victim onto a blanket and grab the corners closest to their head and lift the head slightly and pull away from the danger

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Emergency Moves Ankle Drag: Last Resort Pull the victim by one ankle away from danger. Useful for moving someone that is too large for you to move any other way

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Water Rescue Reaching Assists Sticks, poll, oars, etc. Throwing Assists Life Rings, Rope, bags, anything that will float Wading Assists ONLY IF THE WATER IS SHALLOW ENOUGH AND YOUR ARE SURE YOU WONT BE SWEPT AWAY WHILE TRYING TO RESCUE

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Dealing with incident stress May require professional help Use relaxation techniques Eat a balanced diet Avoid alcohol or other drugs Get plenty of rest Participate in physical activity / exercise

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Remember Just choosing to act gives the victim a 50% better chance at survival than doing nothing at all. You wont save everyone. In fact you may never save anyone. That doesnt mean you shouldnt try Dont ever bottle up the emotion. You are dealing with life and death. Talk to someone.

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Questions? I have ADDI dont remember what was on the second slide www.dereksplace.org