Welcome to Effective Writing I

Unit 9 Seminar

Our Last!

Welcome to Seminar 9: Writing the Post-Draft Outline

• The post-draft outline is a powerful writing tool.

• You can use it to improve your draft.

• You can use it when you need to organize any written document.

Unit 9 Work—What’s going on this unitReading: For this week’s reading, we’ll learn about proofreading and we’ll review some commonly confused words.Seminar: In this week’s seminar, we’ll take one final look at each other’s work and help each other polish things up for the final submission.Discussion: In our discussion this week, we’ll take a look at the “post-draft outline.”

Project: This is the biggie. This week you will submit your final projects.

A Quick Revision/Proofreading Overview

This week you will read about proofreading. This is different from revising.

ReviseRevision = RE + VISION

From the Latin revisere: “To see again.” To revise means to look at your essay again—the whole thing.

What do we look for when we revise?

Revise

1. “Whole-paper” issues / Higher-order concerns (HOCs)

2. Focus3. Purpose4. Thesis5. Balance and organization6. Audience

Edit/Proofread1. Lower-order concerns (LOCs)2. Word choice3. Concision4. Sentence Structure5. Transitions6. Spelling, Grammar,

Punctuation7. Typos8. APA format check

The final project rubric

“If all else fails, read the directions.”

--Gaetan Frank Valenza

Review of APA citation

Sample book

Jones, W. (1998) Chicago. New York: Putnam.

Sample article

Abrams, J. (1998, Jan 21). New cities. Time, p. 3.

In-text citation

Jones (1998) views Chicago as the city of the future.

In-text citation with quote

Jones (1998) stated, "Chicago is the city of the future" (p. 12).

Government document

Department of transportation. (1996). Liability cost and risk

analysis studies: Bus liability review for six transit

systems. (DOT-T-96-14). Washington: DC:

Technological Sharing Program.

All electronic material must have:

Last name, Initials. (date). Title of article. Name of Source.

Retrieved web address OR DOI # if listed.

Hanging indent, double-spaced

Fairbairn, G. L. (1998). Suicide, language, and clinical practice.

Retrieved from

http://www.psychologytoday.com/msg.jsp?msgid=758&f

older=INBOX&x=-845140274

In-text…

According to Fairbairn (1998), "suicide among teens . . ." (p. 288).

. . suicide among teens is a major problem (Fairbairn, 1998).

If no author, look for the issuing agency.

Issuing agency. (date). Title of article. Name of Source.

Retrieved month day, year from web address.

American Heart Association. (2002). Stop smoking in two weeks.

American Heart Association. Retrieved from http://

www.americanheart.org

Issuing agency in-text

The American Heart Association (2002) has developed a step . . .

: . . .using this plan a person can stop smoking (American Heart Association, 2002).

No issuing agency—begin with the title.

Title. (date). Name of source. Retrieved from

web address.

The colors of childhood. (2000, January). Smithsonian.

Retrieved from http://www.smithsonian.org

Title in-text

In the article "The Colors of Childhood"(2000) it states . .

. . . most children prefer the color red (The Colors, 2000).

Transitions:Introductory elements

1. Small—single words like Finally, Consequently, However, Therefore

2. Medium—often prepositional phrases: with gun in hand, during the war, after the election.

Introductory elements

1. Small—single words like Finally, Consequently, However, Therefore

2. Medium—often prepositional phrases: with gun in hand, during the war, after the election.

3. Large--clauses

Subordinating conjunctions

Add dependent clauses at the beginning or ending of sentences.

After, because, until, Although, before, when, As, even though, whenever

As if, if, where, As long as, since, wherever, As soon as, though, whether

As though, unless, while

When a subordinating conjunction is used at the beginning of the sentence a comma follows the clause:

Because my back hurts, I am not mowing the lawn.

When a subordinating conjunction is used at the beginning of the sentence a comma follows the clause:Because my back hurts, I am not mowing the lawn.

I am not mowing the lawn because my back hurts.

When used at the end of the sentence no comma is necessary.

FANBOYS

For

And

Nor

But

Or

Yet

So

MITT OF CHINAMoreoverIndeedThereforeThusOtherwiseFurthermoreConsequentlyHoweverIn AdditionNeverthelessAlthough

Revision/Proofreading Workshop

This is our last chance to help each other out on our essays. The seminar instructions say this:

“The class will work as a group and help one another revise and polish for final submission.”

(I added the italics.)

Polish means to proofread. So let’s submit some paragraphs or sections of your essays, and let’s both revise (look at the big things) and polish (look at the little things) these for one another.

Wrap-up

Let’s help each other out.

I will now turn off the slideshow so we can use the full screen for our workshop.

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Any questions?