Welcome RavenSat / ISS-Ka BOOM Northwest Indian College, Navajo Technical College, Fond du Lac Tribal Community College, Western Technical College, & Dan

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WelcomeRavenSat / ISS-Ka BOOM

Northwest Indian College, Navajo Technical College, Fond du Lac Tribal Community College, Western Technical College, & Dan Hawk

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Overview of Presentation

• Native American Perspective– Why partner with Tribal Governments

• Native Satellite Overview– SKC BisonSat & RavenSat

• RavenSat Payloads– 1 Carbon-mitigated Radiation– 2 Thermal Standoff (in the life)– 3 Ka-Band i.e. power beaming

• Questions

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• RavenSat Payloads– 1 Carbon-mitigated Radiation– 2 Thermal Standoff– 3 Ka-Band i.e. power beaming

• Questions

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Native Americans in Space??

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Why Reservation & DOI Lands?

Resources?

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Reservations

Gas, Oil, CoalWater, Mining, Forestry

Treaty Rights

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Both DOI and Indian Land

~1/3 of USA Landbase

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• Questions

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Native Sat Overview

BisonSat Salish Kootenai RavenSat 1U Cubesat

Fall 2015 Launch2nd round CSLI

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• Questions

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Idea? Detect, Discern, and Transfer Power

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Ka BOOM Array

Big Picture? Detect, Discern, Calibrate, Ka- Band Power Transfer & ISS-XISP Demo.

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• RavenSat Payloads– 1 Carbon-mitigated Radiation– 2 Thermal Standoff– 3 Ka-Band i.e. power beaming– Western Tech Ground Ops Slides 23 & 24

• Questions

Next Steps… Western Technical College Ground-Aerostat Testing

Tethered Aerostat Program

Preliminary Design Review

Western Aerostat FliersPreliminary Design Review

Western Technical CollegeLSI’s: Jon Grotjahn, Travis Haugstad, Joel Nielsen

Mentor: Dr. Mike LeDocq3/21/2015



Mission Overview

Jon Grotjahn and Joel Nielsen



Mission Statement:

Our goal is to safely and reliably fly an aerostat and payload package to test and discover the application and limitations of

Ka band power beaming technology.

Mission Overview

• Prove effectiveness of Ka band power beaming over a variety of distances

• Use to beam power to and from balloon

• Immediately benefits NASA as a way to provide power to satellites

• Eventually may benefit mankind as alternative energy distribution



Mission Overview: Mission Objectives

• Prove concept of Ka band power beaming• Repeatable power transmission at variety of altitudes• Power instrument package indefinitely• Beam harvested power from aerostat to ground

• Determine efficiency over distance, time, and with varying atmospheric conditions

• Develop range of conditions where consistent measurable results can be achieved

• Understand limitations due to varying conditions



Mission Overview: Minimum Success Criteria

• Verify power transmission

• Determine distance limitations of power beam

• Power instrument payload



Mission Overview: Theory and Concepts

• Ka band covers 33.4-36.0 GHz• Primarily used in vehicle speed detection and satellite

communication• XISP developing “beaming” power to small CubeSat from

ISS



33.4-36.0 GHz

Radar Frequency Bands

X-band K-band Ka Band10.5-10.55 GHz

24.05-24.5 GHz GHz

Ground

Logging Laptop

Ka Beaming Radar

Generator

+ -30V0V

Variable DC Power SupplyBase Unit

Mission Overview: Concept of Operations

AIM XTRAKa Radar Antenna

Aerostat

At 152.4m (500ft)1) Ka band power transmission test2) Switch to backup power3) Collect data from all instruments4) Hold altitude and run power efficiency tests

Every 15.3 m (50ft)1) Ka band power transmission test2) Switch to backup power3) Collect data from all instruments

Pre-launch1) Safety check2) Arm payload3) Instrument and communication test

Mission Overview: Concept of Operations

Mission Overview: Expected Results

• Ka band power beaming successful, but ability to beam power could be lost between 15.3m and 152.4m

• Switching to backup power will be successful

• Successful collection of data from instrument payload

• Weather conditions likely to influence results





System OverviewTravis Haugstad



System Level Block Diagram



System Design – Physical Model



System Design – Physical Model

System Concept of Operations

• Radar emitter• Sends Ka radar signal to aerostat• Radar detector on ground sends signal to laptop

• Antenna Array• Converts Ka radar signal to voltage• Voltage processed by receiver and sent to “dummy” load• Voltage meter sends reading to AIM XTRA for transmission to logging computer

• Radar Detector• Sensor circuitry produces 3V signal when radar is detected• 3V signal sent to AIM XTRA for transmission to logging computer

• Kestrel Weather Station• Self contained power supply• Self contained data logging

• AIM XTRA• Receives power from on-board power supply• Receives data inputs from radar detector, radar antenna, solar energy sensor, and electrical power

supply





Critical InterfacesInterface Name Brief Description Potential Solution

Ka transmitter/Antenna

The theory of Ka power beaming has been tested and demonstrated. At this point, we do not have the already developed equipment secured.

Extensive testing of Ka radar guns and antennas may be necessary to develop our own power beam.

EPS/AXThe electrical power supply (EPS) must supply the AIM XTRA (AX) and Arduino with 7.4 volts.

Two pairs of 3.7V Lithium Ion batteries in a series aiding configuration. One will be charged while the other is powering the system. We will use the Arduino to control the charging.

Radar detection/EPS

We must detect if the payload is receiving Ka band signal using radar sensor from Cobra SPX 5500.

We will use the electrical power system’s Arduino to pick up and analyze the data before being sent to the AIM XTRA.

AX/Payload Deck

The AIM XTRA will need to mount rigidly to the payload deck and will also need to be weather resistant to protect sensitive electrical components.

Electric wrap or 3D printed case.

Light intensity detector/AX

Light intensity will need to be measured to further understand correlations to UV intensity and it’s effect on Ka band power beaming.

General Tools DBTU1300 digital solar power meter provides digital output of light intensity used for measuring solar energy. Output could be sent directly to AIM XTRA for data transmission.



Requirement Verification Table: Ka radar

Requirement Verification Method Description

The Ka power beam must deliver 1 watt of power at a minimum distance of 15.3m

Demonstration Power analysis will be conducted on the ground in a controlled environment

The beamed power must remain stable while power is dissipated through dummy load

Analysis The power dissipated will be monitored by a current sensor connected to the dummy load and data sent to AIM XTRA for real time data logging

The optimum rectenna will be mounted to the payload deck

Inspection Mock builds will verify this requirement

The system shall be able to reproduce power transfer results with same test conditions

Test The system will be subjected to multiple test flights



Requirement Verification Table: EPS

Requirement Verification Method Description

The EPS will supply the components will adequate power.

Demonstration A power on test where everything is running well.

The power supply design does not overload the payload with volts and current.

Analysis A system analysis with a volt ammeter.

The full system shall fit on a single Aerostat payload deck and keep the weight to a minimum.

Inspection Visual inspection and scale will verify this requirement.

The electrical power system will maintain power indefinitely with the help of a solar panel.

Test The system will be subjected to a full power test for one day prior to launch.



Subsystem DesignGround System

Jon Grotjahn and Joel Nielsen

Design Overview: Engineering Design

• Ground Equipment• Radar gun and amplifier to produce Ka band radar waves

to beam power to aerostat• Radar detector and LED indicator to ensure radar waves

are emitted• Base station will receive data from AIM XTRA• Laptop will log all data from base station• Radar gun and detector will be powered by DC power

supply• Laptop will be powered by AC generator• Base unit receives power via USB cable from Laptop





GND: Risk Matrix

Consequence

GND.RSK.2 GND.RSK.1

GND.RSK.3

Possibility

GND.RSK.1: Mission objectives aren’t met IF Ka power beam is not acquired or developedGND.RSK.2: Mission objectives aren’t met IF real time data logging is unsuccessfulGND.RSK.3: Mission timeline delayed if Ka power beam is not supplied by XISP



Subsystem DesignElectrical Power System

Travis Haugstad



Electrical Power System: Block Diagram



EPS: Components

• Four 3.7 volt Lithium Ion batteries• Two packs with 3.7 volts batteries wired in series for 7.4

volts• 6 volt, 5.6 watt Solar Panel• Arduino Uno• D/C lithium charging control unit• Optocouplers



EPS: Solar Panel

• 6V, 5.6W solar panel delivers required current for electrical system

• Charging of two 3.7V battery packages demands higher current

• Solar panel is weatherproof providing protection against water infiltration which could damage panels and other circuitry



EPS: Charge Controllers

• Converts power from solar panel to useable power to charge the lithium ion batteries

• Necessary to safely and accurately control charging of lithium ion batteries

• Dangerous when incorrectly charged



EPS: Lithium Ion Batteries

• Lithium ion provides resistance to battery “memory” which causes degradation in performance over time

• Switching between 2 battery packs for optimum power delivery does not allow battery to fully discharge

• Very high power to weight ratio to reduce payload weight



EPS: Arduino and Optocouplers

• Arduino controls charging and discharging of batteries• Arduino provides data measurements for system power• Optocouplers isolate Arduino and AIM XTRA from charging

current• Removes noise from charging current for electrically

sensitive devices• Protects Arduino and AIM XTRA from excessive current flow

in the event of a fault in electrical system



EPS: Risk Matrix

Consequence

EPS.RSK.1

EPS.RSK.3

EPS.RSK.2

Possibility

EPS.RSK.1: EPS will fail if a suitable charger cannot be obtained.EPS.RSK.2: Information loss if we do not have the correct electrical components.EPS.RSK.3: If EPS cannot support indefinite power, information will not be able to be transmitted.



Subsystem DesignKa Band Power Beam and Receiver

Joel Nielsen

Power Beam Generation Block Diagram

• Ground Power Beam Generation• Generator produces AC power • AC to variable DC power supply

which powers radar gun• Radar signal detected at source

and data logged• Radar signal increased by

microwave amplifier• Antenna system on aerostat

receives power beam



Ka Power Beam GenerationGeneratorChampion

3500W

InverterAC/DC Variable Power Supply

AmplifierHigh Frequency

Microwave Amplifier

Source Radar Detection

Sensor Laptop

Data Logging

Radar GunStalker ATR

Ka Band

AerostatAntenna Interface

Radar Detection Block Diagram

• Radar Detection on Aerostat• Radar receiver removed from vehicle

radar detector• Radar detector and digital circuitry

powered by on board battery and 6V power supply

• Op-amp or JFET amplifier used to provide voltage gain

• Digital circuitry created to provide a 0V signal if no radar is detected, or 3V signal if radar is detected

• Digital signal sent to input of AIM XTRA to transmit to base station



Radar Detection

Radar Detector Sensor

From Cobra SPX5500

Voltage Regulator3V Zener Diode

Voltage Regulator IC

AmplifierOp-Amp

JFET Amp

AIM XTRATransmits data to

Base station

Ground Interface

Electrical Power System

Power Beam Conversion Block Diagram

• Antenna Power Receiver• Fractal antenna array used

to convert Ka band radar waves to voltage• Antenna obtained from XISP

• Voltage converted and processed by receiver

• Voltage fed to resistor circuit to simulate linear load

• Voltage meter used to feed data to AIM XTRA to transmit data to base station



Fractal AntennaObtain from XISP

Antenna ReceiverObtain from XISP

Load SimulatorVoltage divider

Circuit

Aim XTRATransmits data to

base station

Power Beam ConversionGround Interface

Electrical Power System

VoltmeterDirect connection to

Aim XTRA input



Ka: Risk Matrix

Consequence

Ka.RSK2

Ka.RSK1

Ka.RSK.3

Possibility

Ka.RSK1: Mission timeline delayed if XISP does not provide power beam and fractal antennaKa.RSK.2: Mission objectives aren’t met IF power beaming cannot be producedKa.RSK.3: If valid radar detector signal cannot be obtained, we will be unable to attribute lack of power to lack of signal



Subsystem DesignFlight Data Collection, Transmission and

Logging

Jon Grotjahn

Flight Data Collection Block Diagram



Flight Data Logging Block Diagram



Data Logging: Flight Data

• Flight Computer• AIM XTRA used to monitor altitude and

strength/direction of earth’s magnetic field• Data from radar detector, antenna power receiver, and

light detector sent to AIM XTRA for transmission to base station

• Powered by EPS



Data Logging: Weather Conditions

• Weather Station• Kestrel portable weather meter used to collect wind,

pressure, humidity, and temperature• Data stored on internal SD card of Kestrel • Light intensity sensor mounted near fractal antenna will

provide data to AIM XTRA for transmission to base station





FDC: Risk Matrix

Consequence

FDC.RSK.2

FDC.RSK.1

FDC.RSK.3

Possibility

FDC.RSK.1: Mission objectives aren’t met IF AIM XTRA fails in-flightFDC.RSK.2: The AIM XTRA system can’t survive launch conditions, and the mission objectives aren’t metFDC.RSK.3: A strain will be put on the budget IF the system fails out of warranty



Test/Prototyping PlanJon Grotjahn



Prototyping PlanConcern about power supply

providing indefinite power for on board electronicsPower Supply

Radar Beam

Radar Antenna

AIM XTRASoftware

Concerns about acquiring radar gun from XISP

Concerns about developing fractal antenna if one is not provided from

XISP

The software needs to be modified to accommodate

additional inputs of varying levels

Prototype this interface and verify the power requirements of

equipment

Contact Gary Barnhart, or develop alternative from

parts

Contact Gary Barnhart, or develop alternative from

parts

Contact manufacturer about capabilities about software

customization



Project Management PlanJoel Nielsen



Organizational Chart

Faculty MentorDr. Michael LeDoqc

Ka Band Team LeadJoel Nielsen

Power System Team LeadTravis Haugstad

Data Transfer, Build Team LeadJon Grotjahn

Software/HardwareASI to be named

FabricationASI to be named

Battery PowerASI to be named

Solar PowerASI to be named

Radar BeamingASI to be named

Radar ReceptionASI to be named

Industry MentorGary Barnhart



Schedule

• What are the major milestones for your project?• (i.e. when will things be prototyped?)• CDR• When will you begin procuring hardware?• Start thinking all the way to the end of the project!

• Rough integration and testing schedule in the spring• Etc, etc, etc

• Need team input



BudgetItem Description Subsystem Unit Price Quantity Total Cost

Generator Champion 3,500W Ground Power system $ 259.99 1 $ 259.99

Radar Detector Cobra SPX5500 Ka Payload $ 101.99 1 $ 101.99 Circuit Board Breadboard Ka Payload $ 1.76 2 $ 3.52 Amplifier Op-amp (TLV2361) Ka Payload $ 0.99 1 $ 0.99 Current Sensor 1NA160 IC Ka Payload $ 9.95 1 $ 9.95

Radar Gun Stalker ATR Ka Ground System $ 171.99 1 $ 171.99 Battery Li-Ion, 3.7V, 10400mAh EPS $ 33.59 4 $ 134.36 Controller Arduino Uno EPS $ 24.99 1 $ 24.99 Solar Panel 6V, 5.6W EPS $ 67.50 1 $ 67.50 Charger Controller USB/DC/Solar Li-Ion Charger EPS $ 17.50 2 $ 35.00 Current Sensor 1NA160 IC EPS $ 9.95 2 $ 19.90 Circuit Board Breadboard EPS $ 1.76 2 $ 3.52 Resistor Kit Assorted resistor sizes EPS $ 10.00 1 $ 10.00 Diodes 1N4001 (10 pack) EPS $ 1.50 1 $ 1.50 Optocoupler Optocoupler (need part #) EPS $ 2.00 4 $ 8.00 Zener Diodes Zener (need part #) EPS $ 0.50 5 $ 2.50 Jumper Kit (need part #) EPS $ 2.90 1 $ 2.90 AIM XTRA (need part #) FDC $ 325.00 1 $ 325.00 AIM BASE receiver (need part #) FDC $ 125.00 1 $ 125.00 Kestrel with Horus (need part #) FDC $ 729.00 1 $ 729.00 General Tools Digital Solar Meter DBTU1300 FDC $ 107.99 1 $ 107.99

Total + 25% Margin $ 2682



Contact Matrix

Team Member Last Name

Team Member First Name

Team Role Email Phone

Beier James ASI [email protected] (608) 498-7678

Grotjahn Jon LSI [email protected] (507) 450-8257

Haugstad Travis LSI [email protected] (507) 450-2802

LaPlante Brian ASI [email protected] (608) 863-5254

LeDocq Mike Mentor [email protected] (608) 797-4202

Nielsen Joel LSI [email protected] (608) 792- 9705

Rudy Landon ASI [email protected] (608) 797-6421

Wagner Josh ASI [email protected] (608) 782-4575

Watson Nicolas ASI [email protected] (608) 516-6810

mailto:[email protected]











• Summarize your main action items to get done before CDR

• Issues, concerns, any questions

• Add info from team on Monday

Conclusion

Documents

Welcome RavenSat / ISS-Ka BOOM Northwest Indian College, Navajo Technical College, Fond du Lac Tribal Community College, Western Technical College, & Dan