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PLANT TISSUE CULTURE

TISSUE CULTURE• TISSUE CULTURE IS THE METHOD OF PROPOGATION OF PLANTS IN LABORATORY

CONDITIONS.

• IT IS ALSO CALLED AS MICROPROPAGATION.

• TISSUE CULTURING TECHNIQUE IS ADAPTED TO KEEP IN PACE WITH DEMAND AND QUALITY.

DIFFERENTIATION

• The phenomenon of the reversion of mature cells to the meristematic state leading to the formation of callus is called dedifferentiation. The component cells of callus have the ability to form a whole plant, a phenomenon described as redifferentiation.

TOTIPOTENCY

THE CAPACITY TO GENERATE A WHOLE PLANT FROM ANY CELL OR AN EXPLANT IS TERMED AS TOTIPOTENCY.

EXPLANTS• A SMALL PIECE OF THE DESIRABLE PLANT IS

SELECTED.

• GENERALLY MERISTEMATIC TISSUE OR INTERNODAL SEGMENTS OF THE PLANT IS SELECTED FOR MICROPROPAGATION.

• THE SELECTED PLANT TISSUE IS CALLED AS EXPLANT.

CULTURE MEDIUM• THE TISSUE SO COLLECTED IS PLACED IN A

CULTURE MEDIUM / NUTRIENT MEDIUM FOR THE MULTIPLICATION OF CELLS.

• CONTENTS OF THE CULTURE MEDIUM:-

• AGAR GEL.

• A CARBON SOURSE – SUCROSE.

• INORGANIC SALTS .

• PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS – AUXINS & GIBBERLLINS.

TISSUE CULTURE PLATES

CALLUS• THE CULTURED TISSUE WILL GROW INTO AN

UNORGANISED MASS CALLED AS CALLUS .

• AS THE CALLUS GROWS THE NUTRIENTS IN • THE MEDIUM STARTS DEPLETING.

• THE CALLUS SHOULD BE PETRIODICALLY CHANGED INTO NEW CULTURE MEDIUM FOR HEALTHY GROWTH OF THE PLANTS.

CALLUS

PLANTLETS GROWING • THE CALLUS SO GROWN AFTER

• DIFFERENTIATION IS TRANSFERRED

• INTO SMALL CONTAINERS FOR FUTHER DIFFERENTIATION.

• NUTRIENTS AND PLANT HORMONES ARE ADDED FOR HEALTHY GROWTH.

A TISSUE CULTURE LAB• THE LABORATORY CONDITIONS SHOULD BE

COMPLETELY ASEPTIC, HIGHLY STERALISED.

• THE EXPLANT SELECTED SHOULD BE STERALISED BEFORE PROPAGATION.

•

SOMACLONES• EACH OF THESE PLANTLETS WILL BE

• GENETICALLY IDENTICAL TO THE

• PARENT PLANT FROM WHICH THEY

• ARE GROWN i.e. THEY ARE

• SOMACLONES.

STEPS IN TISSUE CULTURE

HARDENING

• THE PLANTS ARE TRANSPLANTED TO THE LABORATORY AGRI-LAND FOR BETTER

• ADAPTABILITY BEFORE TRANFERING INTO THE MAIN FIELD.

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