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WELCOME BACK!January 7, 2014
Vocabulary 9, due 1/8Reviewing Action vs. Linking verbsIntroducing Julius Caesar
But first... Let's talk.
http://www.quia.com/quiz/653873.html
A linking verb is a state of _______. Nothing is happening. The same function as an ______ sign.An action verb implies _________ is taking place
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYEvyCqo8jU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IYYS70eZSmE
Part II
Part I
Julius Caesar
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oPf27gAup9U
Crash course.
First 250 years after founding, Rome was ruled by oppressive kings – Tarquinius Superbus (Tarquin the Proud) was the last Romans revolted: Led by Lucius Junius Brutus (in play, Brutus descended from him)
Historical Events
Lucius Junius Brutus pledged to kill anyone who aided the oppressive ruler Tarquinius Superbus. That included his own sons. Painting is by Jacques-Louis David (18th century)
Roman Republic
Made up of Senators (from the noble class)Praetors (administered civil justice) – like policeTribunes (represented the plebeians, or common people)Two consuls (powerful)One served in RomeOne commanded the army
60 BCE: Caesar-Pompey-Crassus59 BCE: Caesar-Pompey became consuls(Caesar army-Gallic campaigns; Pompey Rome)Caesar/Pompey struggled for powerPompey killed outside ItalyCaesar defeated Pompey’s sons in Spain in 45 BCE
The First Triumvirate
Roman territories under Caesar's rule.
Opening of Play
Caesar’s return from defeating Pompey’s sonsSome [senators] fear Caesar may take absolute power (like kings Lucius Junius Brutus deposed)Caesar very popular with commoners
Pompey...
Plutarch
Source for historical backgroundWrote 56 AD (100 yrs after Caesar’s death)Elizabethans familiar w/Caesar storyShakespeare followed Plutarch’s basic account of historical events.
Emphasizes how the actions of the leaders of Roman society, rather than class conflicts or larger political movements, determined history.
William Shakespeare vs. Plutarch
To save time Shakespeare condensed some of the historical events.- Caesar’s murder, funeral, and reading of the will all happened on the same day in the play. ~He combined the two Battles of Phillipi
Julius Caesar: the play
Written by William ShakespeareFirst performed approx. 1599Concerns:Historical eventsEvils of rebellion and civil warAmbition and its effect on leadership
Elizabethan England
Queen Elizabeth’s reign a good time in British historyLong reign endingConcern about successorViolence preceded her reign Henry VIII’s 6 wives, no certain
successor – lots of instability
Connection: From ancient Roman history to Elizabethan England
Attitude of Brits: better to accept power than to have civil warIn play, those who would fight against Caesar (even for noble cause) would cause suffering for the people
Julius Caesar is about power, ambition, and betrayal. The characters are constantly trying to
persuade themselves, each other, and the audience of the rightness of their cause. As a result, the play is full
of speeches that make masterful use of rhetorical devices, such as repetition, parallelism, and rhetorical
questions. Watch for them!
Rhetorical Devices
HW: Finish #1-3 pre reading questions in your Act I packet (DON’T LOSE IT)Vocabulary 9 will be due 1/8 with a quiz on 1/12