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Welcome Back! How was break??? Sooo good to see you! This Quarter: The Brain- big project due in November- just be aware! Learning- Pavlov Memory

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Activity 1: What does the brain do? I need 8 volunteers

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Learning Goals: Understand how the nervous system works Be able to distinguish between the different parts of the nervous system

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Dont get nervous about the nervous system Slide 4

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Why can you do the things that you do? Runners high? Football Solve algebra Read a sentence?? Endorphins and other cool things about the brain!

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The Brain!!!!

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The Nervous System Two main divisions 1. Central nervous system (CNS): brain and spinal cord 2. Peripheral nervous system (PNS)- the nerves Slide 7 Figure 3-3

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Functions of the Nervous System 1. Communication and coordination Adapt and respond to changes from both inside and outside the body 2. Site of reasoning- your brain

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The Central Nervous System The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord. Covered by bone and three protective membranes. Slide 9

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Cerebrospinal fluid Also shielded from injury by a clear solution known as cerebrospinal fluid. This fluid allows the brain to float in the skull. In this floating state, the brains three pound air-weight

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Cerebellum-responsible for muscle coordination Brain stem- most basic functions; respiration, swallowing, blood pressure. Lower part (medulla oblongata) is continuous with spinal cord

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Spinal cord- begins at foramen magnum and ends at second lumbar vertebrae Every voluntary action, requires a message from the brain to the spinal cord and then from the spinal cord to the muscles.

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Spinal Cord The upper part of the spinal cord- controls the upper part of the body The lower part of the spinal cord controls the lower part of the body. If part of the spinal cord is severed, the person loses all sensation and muscle control below the injury. The higher up the spine the injury occurs, the greater extent of paralysis. 11,000 Americans each year injure their spinal cords. Slide 13

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The Peripheral Nervous System The peripheral nervous system is the nerves that connect the brain and spinal cord with the organs and tissues of the body. Slide 14

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Peripheral Nervous System Function Function: to connect the brain and spinal cord with the organs and tissues of the body. Everything outside the brain and spinal cord.

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Two Major Branches of the Peripheral Nervous System 1. The somatic nervous system 2. The autonomic nervous system Slide 16

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The Somatic Nervous System Function: Commands the skeletal muscles to control your movements. Provides you with the sense of touch, position in your surroundings, perception of temperature and pain, and the ability to see the words on this screen. S: Somatic, Skeletal, Sensory Slide 17

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Girl who cannot feel Pain http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n6iOUW523BE

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Mr. Schnittger Example Runners CNS inhibitors At 80 m your body is at its fastest- drugs stop this from happening Cardiac arrest? Hand to stove example Athletes are training using this

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The Autonomic Nervous System Function: Controls the movement of involuntary muscles over which you have little or no control over. Heartbeat, lungs, breathing, stomach muscles. maintain homeostasis, the bodys steady state of normal functioning. Slide 21

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1. The sympathetic nervous system activates the bodys energy resources to deal with threatening situations or emergencies. - If something angers or frustrates you, it prepares you for fight or flight by slowing your digestion, accelerating your heart rate, raising your blood sugar, and controlling your body with perspiration. Slide 23

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2. The parasympathetic nervous system is the part that conserves and maintains the bodys energy resources. - When the threat has passed, parasympathetic nerves slow the autonomic system back down to its normal level of functioning. - Keeps the nervous system in a normal state of functioning. Slide 24

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Putting them together If someone was chasing us, the somatic nervous system would help us use our muscles. The automatic nervous system would increase our heart rate and blood pressure; it would activate the liver, which would produce sugar for the muscles. The two systems complement each other in every activity. Eventually, the parasympathetic nervous sytsem would try to establish and restore a balance. Slide 26

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Which is faster? After a heated argument, heart rate and blood pressure can remain high for several minutes. Though the parasympathetic system is generally slower, it sometimes works too efficiently; it can lower blood pressure so much that a person becomes dizzy or faint. If youve ever gotten weak in the knees after seeing a long needle or blood, youve felt the power of the parasympathetic nervous system. Slide 27

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Checkpoint: How does the central nervous system differ from the peripheral nervous system? Slide 28

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Quick Reinforcing Activity: You need your book for this Color the nervous system- Find the functions of each part Next: Watch clips on the nervous system and strength! Quiz on this: Tuesday- I will remind you

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Human Body: Pushing the Limits Strength

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Using your notes and book- Complete the review activity Make sure you ask others, and get input on what you think is the correct answer We will go over this together

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Explaining the Nervous System If someone was chasing us, the somatic nervous system would help us use our muscles. The automatic nervous system would increase our heart rate and blood pressure; it would activate the liver, which would produce sugar for the muscles. The two systems complement each other in every activity. Eventually, the parasympathetic nervous system would try to establish and restore a balance.

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Why system works fastest?? ( the sympathetic) After a heated argument, heart rate and blood pressure can remain high for several minutes. Though the parasympathetic system is generally slower, it sometimes works too efficiently; it can lower blood pressure so much that a person becomes dizzy or faint. If youve ever gotten weak in the knees after seeing a long needle or blood, youve felt the power of the parasympathetic nervous system.

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The Homemade 3D Brain Project

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Goal: Understand the process of how humans develop, learn, adapt to their environment, and internalize their culture Objective: You will be problem-solving to create a model of the human brain and correctly identifying ten parts of the brain while also choosing explaining/giving examples of how one part of the brain contributes to daily life.

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The Homemade 3D Brain Project PARTS OF THE BRAIN50 points Look for the following parts of the brain and check the off as you identify them. Each part is worth 5 points add up the points and write it on the space provided at the bottom of the list. As you create your brain, please identify and label each part of the model You can use toothpicks, paper, string- you must label the parts.

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Parts of the Brain to Label ___Spinal cord ___Medulla ___Pons ___Pituitary gland ___Hypothalamus ___Thalamus ___Cerebral cortex ___Corpus Callosum ___Cerebellum ___Forebrain

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3D CREATIVITY/CONSTRUCTION-- 40 points When evaluating the creativity of the brain look for the following things: ___ Is the brain sturdy and does it somewhat resemble an actual brain?(20 points) ( is it 3D)Examples: cake, rice krispies, legos, different candy, different recyclable materials, play-doh, and colored clay, etc. ___ Did they take the time to construct the brain nice and tidy? (20 points)

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EXPLAIN PART OF THE BRAIN30 points (separate sheet of paper) Explain what__________________does and how it contributes to ones daily life. o____Identify the part of the brain and its function (10) o____Give an example of how this part of the brain impact ones daily life (20) If that part of the brain was missing what would/wouldnt you be able to do? Why do you think humans should have this specific part of the brain?

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Presentation You will be presenting your brain to the class. Make sure you are able to identify why you chose the items that you did. Be able to explain each part of the brain and why you used it.

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Get Creative- This should be fun! If you make something edible, we will eat it in class if youd like Use what you are good at Partners ONLY if you split the work equally- let me know who helped whom on the writing part of the project.

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Examples