WELCOME BACK! DATA FOLDERS Store all graded tests, worksheets, rubrics, etc. Notebook should be empty of extra stuff Time will be given ASSESSMENT SHEETS One sheet per week Answer end of class question (if you are right, check it off) Put question in envelope (be honest!) 5 participation points per week 40 points per quarter! FLIPPERS Check understanding mid-lesson Fragile, so be gentle INDEPENDENT/COLLABORATE Sign to notify when to collaborate RESTROOMS/DRINK OF WATER Sign out sheet 5 per quarter Extra credit when not used CELL PHONES Only use when directed When asked to place it in the bin, just do it ONLINE TEXTBOOK LOGIN: MRLSSTUDENT ID PASSWORD: stebbins1 Discover Education (practice quizzes, videos, lessons) SCIENCE FAIR Two components : Paper (100 points) due February 1st Poster (100 points) due February 1st In-class time given until January 15 th Late assignments received a 25% reduction in grade SCIENCE FAIR FEBRUARY 4 th LAB GROUP 1 LAB GROUP 2 LAB GROUP 3 LAB GROUP 4 LAB GROUP 6 LAB CHALLENGE #1 Goal Reassemble stacked cups from one end to another end Build device to do so Engineering design process Test what works and what doesn't Work as a team and collaborate Throw out ideas Rules Can not use hands to move (only device) 20 minutes to do so! Cant tape the cups together. HAVE TO DISESSEMBLE If it falls, you cant use your hands! Winner will get candy 20 minutes starts now! NATURAL SELECTION UNIT 7 Solving an Ancient Puzzle Use evidence to draw conclusions Be creative and think of ALL possible explanations Pair and share for each section 1 minute to collaborate ABC Follow Up Questions 1)Is it possible that the two animals never met? How so? 2) Was is easier to analyze the evidence when more was delivered to you? 3) What did you base your conclusions on? 4) What is one fact you wrote on your paper. 5) What is one theory you wrote on your paper. 6)What is the difference between a theory and a fact. Assessment Question Give an example of a theory. Give an example of a fact. NATURAL SELECTION UNIT 7 Fact: Observational Evidence Example: Water is present on the planet Mars. Theory: A proposed explanation based on observations Example: There was once life on Mars A Theory in Science is Tested many times Has a lot of evidential support Commonly accepted, but can be debated NATURAL SELECTION UNIT 7 Phenotypes/traits: Physical characteristics of organism Environment: Surrounding landscape Vocabulary Review: Natural Selection: The process by which traits become more or less common in a population due to consistent environmental effects upon the survival or reproduction of an organism. Traits that do better with the environment are going to ___________ and ____________. Traits that dont do well with the environment are going to ___________ and not __________. Natural Selection: Acts on a PHENOTYPE level The environment selects Also known as survival of the fittest Charles Darwin Thursday Assessment Question What evidence did Charles Darwin use to explain natural selection? (3 sentences) Notebook Coral observation sheet definition of theory and fact guided notes Darwin video questions NATURAL SELECTION UNIT 7 Observed tortoises and finches on Galapagos Islands Theory of evolution by means of natural selection Charles Darwin Adaptation Artificial selection Sexual selection Todays Task Friday Assessment Question What is the difference between natural, artificial and sexual selection? Notebook Coral observation sheet definition of theory and fact guided notes Darwin video questions (5 completed) Darwin notes Station pages (adaptation, sexual selection, artificial selection NATURAL SELECTION UNIT 7 Science Class Scheduling (Friday) Physical Science Honors Physical Science Biology Honors Biology Chemistry Honors Chemistry Forensics Zoology Physical Geology Physics Honors Physics AP Physics AP Biology Principles of BioMed (Freshmen/Sophomores) Human Body Systems (have to have taken Principles of BioMed) Physical Science Biology 1 Science elective - College bound (Chemistry) -Not college bound (other option) SCIENCE FAIR Two components : Paper (100 points) due February 1st Poster (100 points) due February 1st In-class time given until January 15 th Late assignments received a 25% reduction in grade SCIENCE FAIR FEBRUARY 4 th Adaptations (Stations 1-4) Adaptation: Physical or behavioral phenotype that has developed over time in order to help an organism survive Natural selection causes adaptations overtime. Darwin explains that complex adaptations take place slowly over time. Adaptations (Stations 1-4) Penguins Artic Adaptations: Webbed feet for swimming Feathers are waterproof Adaptations (Stations 1-4) Fennec Fox North African Desert Adaptations: Large ears for listening for bugs underground, keep the foxes cool during hot days Adaptations (Stations 1-4) Camel Desert Adaptations: Stores fat and water in humps for long journeys Thick hairs on ears to keep out sand Adaptations (Stations 1-4) Anatomical Adaptation: Physical features such as animal shape. Behavioral Adaptation: Inherited or learned habits, such as language or tool use. Physiological Adaptation: Internal features, such as making venom or maintaining body temperature. Adaptations (Stations 1-4) Human Adaptations: -Sociability -Inventiveness -Walking -Lactose tolerant -Alcohol metabolism Flipper Question The ability for humans to invent new things is what type of adaptation? a. Social adaptation b.Anatomical adaptation c.Behavioral adaptation d.Physiological adaptation Flipper Question Phenotypes that work best with the environment (natural selection) will make up the _______________ of a species. a.Adaptation b.Traits c. Genes d. Phenotypes Sexual Selection (Stations 5-8) Sexual Selection: Rather than the environment choosing traits, members of one sex choose with whom to mate with. The environment does not select, individuals do (this is a behavioral adaptation) Sexual Selection (Stations 5-8) Peacock Woodlands Bright colors in males attract mate Sexual Selection (Stations 5-8) Deer Woods Fight for mate Sexual Selection (Stations 5-8) Bird of Paradise Tropics Dance ritual to attract mate Artificial Selection: The intentional breeding of plants and animals. Rather than the environment selecting for a trait, humans are specifically choosing desired phenotypes. Artificial Selection (Stations 9-12) ARTIFICIALLY SELECTED FOOD Before - What do you think it is? After artificial selection Before- What do you think it is? After artificial selection Before- What do you think it is? After artificial selection Before- What do you think it is? After artificial selection Flipper Question Humans selecting for the desired traits to breed in another species is an example of a. Sexual selection b.Alternative selection c.adaptation d.Artificial selection Flipper Question Deer fighting for a mate to prove they have the strongest phenotype is an example of a. Sexual selection b.Alternative selection c.adaptation d.Artificial selection Genetic Equilibrium Graph (No Selection) Shows a population under no selective pressure Genetic equilibrium The phenotype frequency does not change from generation to generation Monday Assessment Question Describe the graph of a population in genetic equilibrium (no selection) Notebook Coral observation sheet definition of theory and fact guided notes Darwin video questions (5 completed) Darwin notes Station pages (adaptation, sexual selection, artificial selection) No selection graph To Finish Today: -No selection graph (independent) -Glue things into notebook NATURAL SELECTION UNIT 7 Science Class Scheduling (Friday) Physical Science Honors Physical Science Biology Honors Biology Chemistry Honors Chemistry Forensics Zoology Physical Geology Physics Honors Physics AP Physics AP Biology Principles of BioMed (Freshmen/Sophomores) Human Body Systems (have to have taken Principles of BioMed) Physical Science Biology 1 Science elective - College bound (Chemistry) -Not college bound (other option) Genetic Equilibrium Important: -Most of the population has an average Phenotype -Extremes are few Graphs with Selective Pressure (Natural Selection) Selective pressure: Environmental conditions that change a populations phenotypes overtime. NATURAL SELECTION UNIT 7 What types of graphs are these? Complete (2 minutes) Wednesday Assessment Question Describe the graph showing selective pressure on a population under directional selection Due Today (take out): -Snake selection graphs REMINDER 10 QUESTION QUIZ TOMORROW Snake Worksheet Graph One Snake Worksheet Graph Two Snake Worksheet Graph Three Collecting Evidence of Evolution Evolution: The changing of an organism overtime. All life on Earth contains a common ancestor. Main pieces of evidence: -Fossil evidence -Molecular -Structural -Embryology (In Notebook) Whale Fossil Video Thursday Assessment Question How do fossils show evidence of evolution? Notebook Coral observation sheet definition of theory and fact guided notes Darwin video questions (5 completed) Darwin notes Station pages (adaptation, sexual selection, artificial selection) No selection graph Selective pressure graphs Fossil Lab Activity 1) Place fossils in geological order Cut out Paste/Tape onto color paper Circle similarities Label Evidence of Evolution with Names 2) Split up research with other lab partners to find information on fossils Use computers Record on board NATURAL SELECTION UNIT 7 Science Class Scheduling (Friday) Physical Science Honors Physical Science Biology Honors Biology Chemistry Honors Chemistry Forensics Zoology Physical Geology Physics Honors Physics AP Physics AP Biology Principles of BioMed (Freshmen/Sophomores) Human Body Systems (have to have taken Principles of BioMed) Physical Science Biology 1 Science elective - College bound (Chemistry) -Not college bound (other option) Fossils as Evidence of Evolution Looking at similarities in fossils overtime Shows a snapshot of evolving life Molecular Evidence of Evolution Scientists look at protein products to see similarities among species Compare DNA sequences among species to support evolution Molecular Evidence of Evolution Species How many genes do we share with them? Chimpanzee 98% Mouse 92% Zebrafish 76% Fruit fly 51% Bacteria (E coli) 18% Flipper Question How are fossils used as evidence of evolution? a. They can be compared to one another b.Similarities in structures, with minor changes, are observed over time c.There are drastic differences d.Differences in structures, with minor similarities, are observed over time Flipper Question How is DNA used as evidence of evolution? a. Similarities in proteins (amino acids) are found over time b.Similar genes are found between species c.Similarities in DNA sequences are found among species d.All the above Flipper Question Through careful observation, Charles Darwin came to understand that a.populations of plants and animals in nature most often consist of individuals that are clones of each other b.those individuals whose variation gives them an advantage in staying alive long enough to reproduce are more likely to pass their traits on to the next generation c.populations of a species that become isolated from others by adapting to different environmental niches quickly become extinct d.all of the above Flipper Question During the heat of the day in the desert, many lizards burrow underground to keep cooler. This is an example of a(n) a. Social adaptation b.Anatomical adaptation c.Behavioral adaptation d.Physiological adaptation Flipper Question Dog breeding is an example of a. Sexual selection b.Alternative selection c.adaptation d.Artificial selection Flipper Question A selective pressure on a population a.is an environmental constraint that causes a population's phenotypes to change over time b.could be an increase in predators for a given population c.causes organisms to change over time, such as though directional, stabilizing, or disruptive selection d.all the above tool-kit/ Due Today: DNA as Evidence WS How is DNA used as evidence of evolution? Notebook Coral observation sheet definition of theory and fact guided notes Darwin video questions (5 completed) Darwin notes Station pages (adaptation, sexual selection, artificial selection) No selection graph Selective pressure graphs Fossil notes DNA as evidence notes Monday Assessment Question NATURAL SELECTION UNIT 7 Science Class Scheduling (Friday) Physical Science Honors Physical Science Biology Honors Biology Chemistry Honors Chemistry Forensics Zoology Physical Geology Physics Honors Physics AP Physics AP Biology Principles of BioMed (Freshmen/Sophomores) Human Body Systems (have to have taken Principles of BioMed) Physical Science Biology 1 Science elective - College bound (Chemistry) -Not college bound (other option) The study of the development of embryos Embryo: A fertilized egg in the early stages of development Embryology Embryos as Evidence of Evolution Go to:Answer the following questions in notebook: 1)Which embryos did you guess correctly? 2) Which embryos did you guess incorrectly? 3) List three similarities among all embryos you observed (before development). 4) What similarities did you notice during development of all embryos? List three. Thursday Assessment Question How can we use embryos of different species as evidence of evolution? NATURAL SELECTION UNIT 7 Same structure in various animals, different function Homologous Structure Same function, different structure Analogous Structure A structure that has lost most of its function over time Vestigial Structure