WELCOME

RAILWAY SECURITY MONITORING SYSTEM

PROJECT GUIDE MRS.M.MANJUSHA PRESENTED BY,

ARUNA.S.J ASWATHY.S ASWATHY.V.G

contents Introduction Existing system Focus on Block diagrams Components Descriptions Working Result and discussion Conclusion Reference

INTRODUCTION

In the rapidly flourishing country like ours, accidents in rail road railings are increasing day by day.

The train accidents cause severe damage to life and property

This project deals with one of the efficient method to avoid train accidents.

Causes for railway accidents Human error. Track problems or adverse weather

conditions. Derailment in curves and bends. Mis-signaling due to fog or mist. Collision between trains

Existing system

Oral communication through telephonic and telegraphic conversations.

LASER Proximity Detector Use of satellites for communication. No combined solution for collision

avoidance and railway gate control

•Collision between trains

•Automatic railway gate control

FOCUS ON

ATMEGA16

IR sensor 1

BASE STATION SIDEBLOCK DIAGRAM

IR sensor 2

IR sensor 3

IR sensor 4

Motor driver

Motor 1

Motor 2

BLOCK DIAGRAMSTrain side

ATMEGA16

Ultra sonic sensor

LCD Display

Motor driver

Motor 1

Motor 2

Trigger

Echo

Components IR Sensor Ultra sonic sensor ATmega16 DC motor Motor driver LCD

IR SENSOR Used for gate control. Works based on detection

mechanism. IR led is used here for detection. Very compact (small size) High performance Low cost

WORKING PRINCIPLE OF IR SENSOR

ULTRA SONIC SENSOR For avoiding collision between train Generate high frequency sound

waves TR 40-12 ultra sonic sensor used here 20 mA power consumption Simple pulse in/pulse out

communication

WORKING PRINCIPLE OF ULTRA SONIC SENSOR

MICROCONTROLLER

Set of digital logic circuits integrated on a single chip.

Micro controller is for entire control. Examples:8051,89c51,PIC,motorola

etc

The micro controller used here is ATMEGA16

ATMEGA16 Used for entire control 40 pin DIP package Low power consumption RISC architecture 512 bytes of EEPROM

PIN DIAGRAM

PORT B

PORT D

PORT A

PORT C

DC MOTOR Runs on direct current Operable directly from rechargeable

batteries Cost effective rotary motion control Fully reversible Consists of stator and rotor Stator –stationary part rotor-rotating with respect to the stator

MAIN PARTS OF DC MOTOR

MOTOR DRIVER(L293D) Quadruple high current half-H driver. 4.5 to 36 voltage range High noise immunity inputs Thermal shut down Contain two in built H bridge driver

circuits

PIN DIAGRAM OF L293D

LCD Liquid crystal display Uses the light modulating properties of

liquid crystals Liquid crystals do not emit light directly more energy efficient Work with almost any µc low electrical power consumption

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Collision between trains UV sensor placed in front of the train Continuously check the presence of train Sensor will emit the TRIGGER signal

continuously Any train in opposite direction ,TRIGGER

signal reflected back as the ECHO signal Train will stop automatically

Automatic railway gate control Sensor sense presence of train 3 km away. Output given to µc µc give instruction to close the gate Gate is closed automatically using DC

motor. Gate is opened after the train is passing

SOFTWARE USED

PROTEUS SIMULATION SOFTWARE

IAR EMBEDDED WORK BENCH ORCAD

Result and Discussion•The sensors sense the input and sends to the microcontroller, where it responds •Gives command to the particular component with predefined algorithm. •The time parameters are crucial which can be easily changed and modified using Micro-controllers. •Thus, this device would work incoherence would help to reduce the train collisions.

CONCLUSION

In this project, an anti-collision system for trains have been designed, simulated and tested.

The simulation has been done using proteus electronic simulation package

Train collisions & rail road accidents are avoided.

Hence it is expected that, major train mishaps can be prevented and human life saved if this system is implemented.

REFERENCE

www.collision-avoidance.org www.konkanrailway.com www.faadooengineers.com www.positronindia.in

QURIES

THANK YOU