Weinrich design criteria for an IBT facility [modalità

Design Criteria for an IBT facility

21.05.2011 Udo Weinrich 1

Presented at the 2nd Workshop on HadronBeam Therapy of Cancer, Erice, Italy

My personal experience is based on the HIT facility (project leader accelerator) and RKA (part time beam commissioner within Siemens company) during the years 2003 to 2010.The presentations at this workshop of those persons in “my” IBT world are:

- Today: M.Scholz (GSI), Open questions in heavy ion c linical radiobiology

- Monday: M.Scholz (GSI), New developments in the loca l effect modelK.Noda (NIRS), The rotating gantry for the HIMAC fa cility

References and Credits


K.Noda (NIRS), The rotating gantry for the HIMAC fa cility- Tuesday: K.Noda (NIRS), NIRS accelerator present an d future activities

M.Pullia (CNAO), The design and commissioning of CN AOP.Urschütz (Siemens), The Marburg particle therapy c enter

- Wednesday: K.Parodi (HIT), Imaging techniques for i n vivo treatment verification

- Thursday: I.Hofmann (GSI), Prospects of laser accel erated ions for therapyU.Linz (FZJ), Summary

You should design an IBT facility in order to

• get the money to build it

Main statement


• make it operational in the end

• bring the community a step forward

• “Operation Facility” for high patient throughput(Based on health insurance compensation)

• “Development Facility” with improved performance(supported in addition by public or industrial funding)

Criteria to get the moneyBasic concepts


• “Research Facility” with new acceleration technology(Based on research funding)

• “Local Competence Centers”(Based on funding from governments)

• Idea: Large patient throughput based on known industrial systems with minimized risk for the clinic.

• Delivery of the whole system by one supplier– Taking the financial risk until the facility

Criteria to get the money“Operation Facility”

IONTRIS Siemens AG Healthcare SectorParticle Therapy


– Taking the financial risk until the facility works

– Sometimes even provides the investment money

– Takes often large responsibility for the operation phase

• Examples: SPITH (Shanghai), NRock (Kiel), RKA (Marburg)

© Siemens AG 2010. All rights reserved.

Siemens Particle Therapy products and solutions are works-in-progress and require country specific regulatory approval prior to clinical use.

• Idea: Basis of standard patient treatment but special development systems. Attempt to get Unique criteria in some aspects and sharpen the profile of the clinic.

• Fractions of the system and time are used for development– Strong link to industrial development units or

Criteria to get the money“Development Facility”


research centers with strong technological competence

– Possibility to validate improvements in clinical studies

– Improvement often located around treatment technique

• Examples: HIMAC, HIT

HIT accelerator

• Idea: Use of a new acceleration technology providing better or cheaper treatment.

• New principles of acceleration are tested– Often pure public funding for research

Criteria to get the money“Research Facility”


– Often pure public funding for research– Sometimes sharing of cost with interested companies

• Examples: ARCHADE (CAEN) (cyclotron for carbon beam treatment)

• Idea: Gaining experience in a strategic manner for countries or regions.

• Relying on research institutions– Participation of industry only as subcontractor– Often pure public funding for research

Criteria to get the money“Local Competence Centers”

HIMAC new

CourtesyK.Noda


– Often pure public funding for research– Sometimes sharing of cost with interested

companies

• Examples: CNAO, NIRS

HIMAC newtreatment facility

• Gather the required competence in all relevant fields– building, accelerator, treatment technique, medical aspects– Example: cabling for rotating gantry

• Organize correctly to identify and clarify the interfaces

Criteria to make it operational in the end (I)


• Organize correctly to identify and clarify the interfaces– Example: building – accelerator on media supply and connectors

• Use proven technology where possible– RFQ quality assurance, power converters

• Keep close contact with the suppliers to identify major risks and define mitigating actions- personal for control system

• Think big , i.e. always ask yourself whether your concept really helps the patient and eases the job of the medical staff surrounding him.

Criteria to make it operational in the end (II)


staff surrounding him.- short switching time from one patient treatment to the other in another room requires secure and fast solutions

• Correctly define the requirements for control system and beam from the treatment point of view and make sure that they are respected in detail and all along the project.- criteria and tools for quality assurance and readjustment

• We need many more facilities to help the patients better.– Provide more treatment capacity !

• Ion Beam treatment should be extended to more cancer indications.

Criteria to bring the community a step forward


indications.– Improve the results on moving targets !

• Further improve the results of the treatments. – Fully explore the geometrical potential !– Fully optimize the ion combinations and fractionation schemes !

intensity variation with one synchrotron cycleDynamic Intensity Control (DIC )

(courtesy Siemens, work in progress)

Flexible use of stored ions• different intensities within one spill

=> faster irradiation isoenergetic slices

• different spot sizes within one spill

=> faster irradiation isoenergetic slices

• different beam energies within one cycle

=> several slices per synchrotron filling

courtesy M.Bräuer

Bring the community a step forwardTreatment Capacity


=> several slices per synchrotron filling

Higher beam intensities• for treatment with few fractions

• for experimental and QA purpose

• with better synchrotrons (RF harmonics and resonances)

• with better LINACS (ion sources and RFQ)

Shorter cycle time• with synchrotron

dipole field regulation (HIT)

Bring the community a step forwardTreatment Capacity


The standard number of treatment rooms is three to four. The optimum number of treatment rooms depends on accelerator performance and patient workflow and is therefore subject to the improvements in both fields.

courtesy A.Peters

several energies with one synchrotron cycle (HIMAC)

courtesy K.Noda

Gating• irregular isoenergetic slices

• treatment at minimal organ motion

energy variation with material

2e4

4e4

6e4

8e4

0 2 4 6 8 10t [s]

0.5 ms 50 ms

gating at HIT: (C, 250 MeV/u, 3⋅108 ions, 3 interruptions)

Bring the community a step forwardMoving organs


courtesy K.Noda

energy variation with material moved in (HIMAC)

Energy variation• with material moved in

• with beam bump on material

• active synchrotron energy variation

carbon beam dose profile

Bring the community a step forwardBest Ion combinations


courtesy K.Noda

Intensity-Controlled Rasterscan Technique, Haberer et al., GSI, NIM A,1993

more ion types:– He (HIT)– 11C, 13O (HIMAC)

• more ion sources (HIT, NROCK)

• semi-vertical beam lines (NROCK)

• gantry beams (HIT, HIMAC)

0 d e g

72 deg288 deg

0 deg

Bring the community a step forwardFull geometrical flexibility


• gantry beams (HIT, HIMAC)

144 deg216 degcourtesy K.Noda

IMIT (Intensity Modulated Ion Therapy )

45° dipoles

90° dipole

scannermagnets

Bring the community a step forwardFull geometrical flexibility


treatment

room

absorber

HIT Gantry

Conclusions

There is a large potential for more treatment stati ons, further improvements and even new principles.

Identify which of the many directions is adequate f or your special situation.


=> Go on until you reach your added value to the community for the benefit of the society !

Many thanks to the colleagues from HIMAC (K.Noda), HIT (A.Peters) and Siemens (M.Bräuer) for their support

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Weinrich design criteria for an IBT facility [modalità