Week of February 28-March 4

The Republic of Texas 1836-1845

What do you need to do to get ready for TAKS tomorrow?

1. Good night of SLEEP!2. Good breakfast!

3. Be Positive! You have worked hard.

4. Do your best!Good Luck!!!!!!!!

Chapter 12 Quiz Wednesday• Review:1. The Runaway Scrape was when the settlers fled east

toward the Sabine River to escape the advance of Santa Anna’s army.

Battle of San Jacinto---2. Cavalry: soldiers on horseback3. Flank: the sides of the battlefield4. Houston ordered the cavalry to the sides of the

battlefield to keep the Mexican soldiers from escaping.5. Santa Anna believed the Texas army would not attack so he allowed his army to rest.

Review continued:

• 5. The capture of Santa Anna was important because it ended the war.

• 6. The Treaty of Velasco contained the terms of the Mexican surrender.

• 7. Privately, Santa Anna agreed to work for Mexican recognition of Texas independence.

• 8. Santa Anna hid from the Texas army dressed as a common soldier.

• 9. The Texas Navy helped Texas by blockading the coast so supplies could not reach the Mexican army.

Bellringer in your Compostion Book

Answer the following questions in your composition book. Think

hard!

Sam Houston, First President of the Republic

Question 1: What places or things in Texas were named after him?

Mirabeau B. Lamar: 2nd Texas President

What places or things in Texas bear his name?

Houston Namesakes:

Houston, TexasSam Houston State UniversitySam Houston National ForestHouston, MissouriSam Houston TollwayHouston County, TexasMany schoolsFort Sam HoustonFort Sam Houston Independent School DistrictSam Houston Coliseum;Sam Houston Park, Houston, Texas;Fort Sam Houston Independent School District;Fort Sam Houston National Cemetery;Sam Houston Ship Channel Bridge;Sam Houston Regional Library and Research Center;

Lamar Namesakes:Lamar County, in northeast Texas Lamar Boulevard, a major thoroughfare in Austin, also carries his name, as do many streets around Texas.

Also named for him are: Lamar University in Beaumont Lamar State College - Port Arthur in Port Arthur Lamar State College in Orange Lamar Institute of Technology in Beaumont Lamar High School in Houston Lamar High School in Arlington Lamar Consolidated High School in Rosenberg Lamar Middle School in Austin Lamar Middle School in Dallas Lamar Middle School in Irving elementary schools in Amarillo, Corpus Christi, El Paso and San Antonio, and The Woodlands as well as numerous other K-12 schools throughout Texas.

Chapter 12As you read the Chapter, Make a

Timeline of what happened on the dates on the next slide.

Timeline Instructions

• You will need:• 2 pieces of printer paper• Scissors• Tape• Fold both pieces of paper longwise.• Cut on the fold.• Fold each of the four pieces in half.• Tape the ends together to make an accordion

timeline.

Dates For Timeline

• On each accordion section, write a year.• The first one is 1836.• Then 1837, 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841,

1842 and skip 1843, then 1844.

What to write next:

• As you read, list the key events that happened that year.

• Do this for all 4 sections of the chapter.

Chapter 12 Vocabulary• Capitol Republic• Annexation Sovereignty• Expenditure• Revenue• Tariff• Endowment fund Know the definitions• Cabinet of these words for • Redback your test.• Manifest Destiny• Archives• Joint Resolution

Compare and Contrast

Houston’s Presidency• 1. Government in Houston• 2. Problems with Military

– Sent all but 600 soldiers home

• 3. Wanted Annexation to US– Problem: US wanted to avoid making

Mexico mad– Slavery issue divided US on this

question

• 4. Worked for recognition of Texas as a nation by other nations.

• 5. Native American Conflicts: worked to resolve peacefully

• 6. Increasing Debt

Lamar’s Presidency• 1. Capital moved to Austin• 2. Wanted Texas Navy, wanted Texas

to have strong military• 3. Wanted Texas to remain a

separate country• 4. Removed Cherokee to Oklahoma• 5. Increased the Debt!!!!! • 6. Set aside 18,000 acres in each

Texas County for public schools– Led to endowment fund– Also land set aside for 2 large

universities

• 7. Santa Fe Expedition for trade

Houston’s Second Presidency

• To undo the “damage” Lamar had done to Texas

• 3 areas---• Reduce the government spending• Deal with conflicts with Mexico• Try to solve conflicts with Indians.

Reduce Government Spending

• Cut government jobs• Cut size of Army• Tried to sell navy, Galvestonians would not let

him.

• How does this sound like the problems and conflicts the United States has today?

Indian problems

• Treaties reduced problems with remaining Indians for several years.

Problems with Mexico

• 1841:Lamar’s Santa Fe Expedition into the “Disputed Territory”—Mexicans captured expedition, held Texans as prisoners, angered Mexicans

• 1842: Mexicans invade Texas –occupy San Antonio, Goliad and Refugio

• Texans in Austin panic, try to move government to safety—Archives War

• Woll Invasion and occupation of San Antonio by Mexican Forces—driven out by Texas Rangers and militia.

Problems with Mexico Continue

• Pres. Houston orders military patrol of border.• Angry Texans led by General Somervell

disobeyed his orders and marched into Mexico.

• 300 Texans attacked Mexican Town of Mier• Texans surrendered after 2 days of fighting.• Drawing of the Black Beans.• (Santa Anna: He’s BAAAACK!)

Feuds over Land Titles in East TexasRegulator-Moderator War

• Near Old Neutral Ground• These were 2 “Vigilante” groups formed to

keep order.• Fighting, murder, burned houses• Houston sent 600 soldiers to bring peace and

went to East Texas himself to bring peace.

Annexationto United States

• Texans still wanted annexation.• Houston wanted it. Lamar had been opposed.• April 1844, Texas and US signed treaty making

Texas a TERRITORY of United States.• US would get all of Texas PUBLIC LANDS • US would pay off Texas DEBT!• Became the issue of the 1844 Presidential

Election in United States.

James K Polk v. Henry Clay

• Polk—Tennessee, wanted Texas as a state• Clay—Kentucky, against annexation• Polk--- Democratic Party• Clay---Whig Party• Most Americans wanted US to expand west:– MANIFEST DESTINY

• Polk wins Presidency• Annexation will happen despite the slavery issue.

Annexation Approved

• Joint Resolution passed by the House and the Senate of the U.S. Congress on February 28, 1845

• Anson Jones, President of Texas elected in 1844 called a special session of the Texas Congress.

• Texas accepted terms for immediate annexation.

Last Minute End-Run by Mexico

• May 1845---Mexico offers to recognize Texas as an independent nation

• But, the condition was that Texas reject annexation to U.S.

• Texas was not interested!!! Rejected Mexican proposal.

• February 19, 1846: Texas President handed over Texas to the first Governor of the State of Texas-----Texas became the 28th state of the U.S.

Presidential Debate

• You will receive instructions and papers.• You will pair up and assume the role of either

Sam Houston or Mirabeau B. Lamar• You will carry out a debate supporting you

views and criticizing the other side.• Then you will write a script debating 3 of the

issues that these men disagreed on.

Primary Source Activity

• You will receive 3 primary sources to read and answer questions on followed by a writing activity.

Test Review

• Study all vocabulary• Study your timeline• Study your notes Understand the following:

Issues facing Texas: Debt, Indians, Mexicans

Differences between Houston and Lamar as Presidents

Know the following:

• Annexation Issue was complicated by –Texas debt–Mexican opposition–Texas was a Slave State

• Biggest Factor that favored annexation was Manifest Destiny—the belief that the U.S. was to extend all the way to the Pacific Ocean.

Posters:Research your assigned topic and create a poster to tell the class more information.Topics include:1. Texas Rangers 6. Chief Bowles and the2. Santa Fe ExpeditionRemoval of Cherokees3. Woll Invasion 7.Cynthia Ann & Quanah

Parker4. Archives War 8. Mier Expedition 5. Council House Fight 9. Regulator Moderator War

More Topics• 10. Slavery in Texas• 11. Cotton Production • 12. German Immigrants to Texas• 13. Free African Americans• 14. Tejano Texans during this time• 15. Ranching• 16. Gail Borden, Jr.• 17. Stagecoach and Steamboat Travel• 18. Railroads• 19. Telegraph and Newspapers• 20. Cotton Gin• 21. Population Growth• 22. Music and Entertainment