SI Review Session for Week 4 Material - NURS 220

JEOPARDY!

Complications of FracturesDisorders r/t CalciumOsteoporosis TxGoutMisc.

Beyond expected healing period (3-6 months after fracture): pain & tenderness increase

$200

Bone demineralization, osteoclast activity exceeds osteoblast activity

$200

$200

Most common calcium saltThe body part that is most commonly affected

$200

A term that describes a drug that causes birth defects

$200

$400

Build up of pressure-restricted by unyielding fasciae

$400

Adult form of the Vitamin D deficiency disorder

$400

Can receive through sun and fortified milk

$400

The phase in which there are no clinical signs except for increased serum urate levels

$400

A type of drug that binds to a receptor and causes a response that is the same, or mimics, the normal response

Severe pyogenic infection of bone and local tissue

$600

Resorbed bone is replaced with abnormal bone

$600

$600

Must take on an empty stomach because OJ or coffee decreases absorption by 60%The phase in which weight bearing joints are now affected, causing the area to become warm, red, and tender

$600

Fusion of inflamed vertebrae,

$600

arthritis of sacroiliac joints-involving the axial skeleton and sometimes peripheral joints

Thrombosis forms in distal extremity

$800

Vitamin D deficiency in children causing defective bone growth

$800

$800

This form of Tx is a SERMThe phase that consists of intervals between acute attacks in which there are no symptoms

$800

The hormone that moves calcium into the blood when serum calcium levels are too low.

$800

Fat particles released from bone marrow (pelvis, long bones) into blood stream and lodge in lung vasculature

$1000

Slowly progressive disorder involving increased bone resorption

$1000

$1000

PTH, the only drug that increases bone formationThe phase that involves advanced deforming gout in which tophi develop

$1000

Measures the rate in which half of the original amount of drug is removed from the body

$1000

Other Complications of Fractures

Malunion

Nonunion

Osteonecrosis

Compartment Syndrome

Tissue pressure ______ Intravascular pressure

5 P's:1. P2. P3. P4. P5. P

Tx:

Osteomyelitis

How does the organism (e.g., bacteria) reach the bone?

Tx:

Thrombosus vs. Embolus

Pulmonary Embolism (PE)

Risk factors:

S/Sx:

Tx:

Prevention:

Fat Emboli Syndrome

S/Sx:

Diagnostic tests:

Tx:

Prevention:

OA vs. RA GAME!

OARA

Ankylosing Spondylitis

S/Sx:

Tx:

Disorders r/t Calcium:

RicketsLeads to . . .

Paget's DiseaseLeads to . . .

OsteoporosisLeads to . . . Osteoporosis Tx

Calcium Salts

Calcium ________ = most common

Calcium ________ = best absorbed

Calcium ________ = most common IV form

Over 51 y.o. - need _______ mg daily calcium intake

But can take no more than ______ mg at one time

So take _____ or ______

Calcitonin (Miacalcin)

Drug forms:

Inhibits:

Treat or Prevent?

Biphosponates

Drug names w/ dose frequency:

Inhibit:

Make sure . . .

because adverse effect = _____________

Raloxifene (Evista)

Estrogen effects ________, _________, ___________

Estrogen effects ________, _________

Adverse effects:

Teriparatide

Continuousbone __________

Intermittent bone __________

Acute Gouty Arthritis

Primarily affects _____________ joints - feels _______, ________, ________

Length of initial attacks: __ - __ days, later attacks: more or less frequent?

Pathogenesis:

(1Increased levels of serum uric acid within joints (2) sodium urates/urate

crystals/nitrate are deposited around/within joints (3) inflammatory response:

__________ of urate crystals (4) phagocytes _______ & die release

________________ Back to (2)

Causes sudden onset of _______ over joints

Tx:

Allopurinol

Colchicine

Practice Quiz

1. Which of the following best describes a complication of a fracture in which fracture fragments do not align properly?a). Nonunionb). Delayed unionc). Uniond). Malunion

2. True or False: An embolus is a stationary clot.

3. After fracturing her tibia, your patient has the following signs and symptoms: shortness of breath, hypoxemia, rapid breathing, fine petechial rash of the neck and torso, and altered mental status. Which complication of fracture is your patient experiencing?a). Deep vein thrombosisb). Pulmonary embolismc). Compartment syndromed). Fat emboli syndrome

4. True or False: Osteoarthritis is an autoimmune, inflammatory, systemic disease.

5. Rheumatoid arthritis causes the following signs and symptoms: (Select all that apply)a). Ulnar deviationb). Heberden nodesc). Swan neck deformitiesd). Osteophytes

6. True or False: Raloxifene (Evista) may cause breast or endometrial cancer due to estrogen's effects on those organs.

7. Which of the following drugs inhibit bone resorption: (Select all that apply)a). Calcitonin (Miacalcin)b). Raloxifene (Evista)c). Teriparatided). Biphosphonates

8. Name the 4 Stages of Gout:1. 2. 3. 4.

9. True or False: Allopurinol (Zyloprim) is used to reduce the inflammatory response to the deposit of urate crystals in the joint tissue.

10. Name the 5 P's for the signs and symptoms of Compartment Syndrome:1. 2. 3. 4. 5.