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HIGH SCHOOL DROPOUTS
CAUSES
üfamily problems
ücan't afford school fees
üneed to make money
EFFECTS
²uneducated society
²negative impact on the economy
²can't cope with new technology
GLOBAL WARMING
CAUSES
overpopulation
deforestation
modern/changing lifestyle
EFFECTS
²climate change
²sea level rise
²acid rain
DIVORCE
CAUSES
ücommunication problems
ülack of money
ücheating
EFFECTS
²broken hearts and broken homes
²children may become violent or depressed
²difficult to remarry
OBESITY
CAUSES
ühereditary factors
ülack of exercise
üpoor eating habit
EFFECTS
²poor health
²lower self-esteem
²limited employment
AGAIN YOU HAVE THREE PARTS
HOOK
BACKGROUND INFORMATION (If you are writing about the causes, talk about the effects. However, talk about the causes if you are writing about the causes.)
THESIS STATEMENT
A good thesis statement both names the topic and reveals the writer’s opinion about the topic. FOR EXAMPLE;
India has a lot of interesting festivals.
(The statement is too broad. Even though it does state the writer’s opinion, the statement is not clear: It doesn’t explain why the festivals are interesting.
Diwali is an important festival for Indians because they celebrate, remember traditional legends, and enjoy time with their families.
o (The topic is specific enough, and clearly gives the writer’s opinion. In addition, it lists the supporting ideas.)
INTRODUCTION
SPECIFIC VOCABULARY IN THESIS STATEMENT;
For causes;use words or phrases like:Cause, reason, because, due to, since, for, owing to, because of
For effects; use words or phrases like:Effect, affect(v), outcome (n), result, lead to, result in, consequence
The reasons of obesity are poor eating habit, genetic factors, and lack of exercise. The causes of obesity are poor eating habit, genetic factors, and lack of exercise. Poor eating habit, genetic factors, and lack of exercise cause obesity. Poor eating habit, genetic factors, and lack of exercise result in obesity. There are many obese people because/since/as/for people have poor eating habit,
they have genetic problems, and they don't exercise. Because/since/as/for people have poor eating habit, they have genetic problems,
and they don't exercise, there are many obese people. Because of/due to/owing to poor eating habit, genetic factors, and lack of exercise
people become obese. People become obese because of/due to/owing to poor eating habit, genetic factors,
and lack of exercise The consequences of obesity include poor health, lower self-esteem, and limited
employment. The results of obesity are poor health, lower self-esteem, and limited employment. The outcomes of obesity are poor health, lower self-esteem, and limited
employment. Poor health, lower self-esteem, and limited employment are the results of obesity. Poor health, lower self-esteem, and limited employment are the effects of obesity. Poor health, lower self-esteem, and limited employment are the outcomes of obesity. Obesity results in poor health, lower self-esteem, and limited employment. Obesity leads in poor health, lower self-esteem, and limited employment.
THESIS STATEMENT
Body paragraphs In each body paragraph, tell
a reason or effect. Try to make a connection among the paragraphs by reminding the previous one.
Start with a transition and topic sentence,
Support with explanations, examples, details, or other information
BO
DY
PAR
AG
RA
PH
S1st CAUSE/EFFECT
TRANSITION+TOPIC SENTENCE
SUPPORTING SENTENCES
2nd CAUSE/EFFECT
TRANSITION+TOPIC SENTENCE
SUPPORTING SENTENCES
3rd CAUSE/EFFECT
TRANSITION+TOPIC SENTENCE
SUPPORTING SENTENCES
TR
AN
SIT
ION
S
The first reason(cause)/effect of ….. is ….
The first reason(cause)/effect of ….. Is that… (S+V)
First,…
First of all, …
The second reason(cause)/effect of ….. is ….
The second reason(cause)/effect of …. is that… (S+V)
Another reason(cause)/effect of ….. is ….
Another reason(cause)/effect of …. is that… (S+V)
In addition to ….(1st cause/effect) NOUN PHRASE), S+V
Besides ….(1st cause/effect) NOUN PHRASE), S+V
The last/third reason(cause)/effect of ….. is ….
The last/third reason(cause)/effect of ... is that… (S+V)
In addition to ….(1st &2nd cause/effect) NOUN PHRASE), S+V
Besides ….(1st&2nd cause/effect) NOUN PHRASE), S+V
The last but not the least, …S+V
The last but not cause(reason)/effect of … is …(NOUN PHRASE)
the least cause(reason)/effect of … is (that …. S+V
1st
BO
DY
2nd
BO
DY
3rd
BO
DY
OR
DER
IDEA
SEMPHATIC ORDER
The main parts in an essay are often organized according to their importance. Often, less important points are given first More important points are given later, with the most important point coning last. This is called EMPHATIC ORDER. It draws attention to the last, most important one.
1st Body Paragraph: LESS IMPORTANT POINT
2nd Body Paragraph: MORE IMPORTANT POINT
3rd Body Paragraph: MOST IMPORTANT POINT
CO
NC
LUSIO
N The conclusion is the last paragraph in your essay. A conclusion completes the essay and reemphasizes your thesis statement or main ideas. Look at the example thesis statement and conclusion below.
TRANSITION, RESTATEMENT, SUMMARY, CLOSURE