Week 2-Reading Passage

8/11/2019 Week 2-Reading Passage

1/10

MGHB N@Y

^GS

Niucgthkbg` Ynclbk`keygbi tln HbtnrbntStuiy Euhin Unnd =

crngtheg

^ B H V N ] S H I G I G ^ Y B K A G I N S H B G @ K G


2/10

MG hb N@Y Stuiy Euhin =

NI^CGYHKBG@ YNCLBK@KEX

=??6 ^bhvnrshigi Gutbkag in Shbg`kg

Akrn Nffncts kf Niucgthkbg` Ynclbk`key

Ylnrn lgvn mnnb ktlnr hapkrtgbt fhbihbes kb tln tkphc:

G fhvn-yngr rnpkrt (78>? tngclnrs wlk usn tn`nckaaubhcgthkbs tnclbk`key hb tlnc`gssrkka rnpkrtni tlgt "hbquhry-mgsni gbg`ythcg` sdh``s - `hdn crhthcg` tlhbdhbe, igtggbg`yshs, prkm`na sk`vhbe, gbi hbinpnbinbt tlhbdhbe - invn`kp wlnb stuinbts usng tnclbk`key tlgt suppkrts rnsngrcl, ckaaubhcgthkb, gbi gbg`yshs. Lkwnvnr,tn`nckaaubhcgthkbs ikns bkt ihrnct`y ln`p tlnhr pnrfkragbcns kb stgtn- kr chty-agbigtni tnsts.

Hb g 7889 Skftwgrn _um`hslnr's Gsskchgthkb (S_G) stuiy, rnsngrcl fkubi tlgt:

Niucgthkbg` tnclbk`key lgs g shebhfhcgbt pkshthvn hapgct kb gclhnvnanbt hb g``sumjnct grngs, gcrkss g`` `nvn`s kf sclkk`, gbi hb rneu`gr c`gssrkkas gs wn`` gstlksn fkr spnchg`-bnnis stuinbts.

Niucgthkbg` tnclbk`key lgs pkshthvn nffncts kb stuinbt gtthtuins. Yln inernn kf nffncthvnbnss hs hbf`unbcni my tln stuinbt pkpu`gthkb, tln

hbstructhkbg` insheb, tln tngclnrs rk`n, lkw stuinbts grn erkupni, gbi tln `nvn`skf stuinbt gccnss tk tnclbk`key.

Ynclbk`key agdns hbstructhkb akrn stuinbt-cnbtnrni, nbckurgens ckkpnrgthvn`ngrbhbe, gbi sthau`gtni hbcrngsni tngclnr/stuinbt hbtnrgcthkb.

_kshthvn clgbens hb tln `ngrbhbe nbvhrkbanbt nvk`vn kvnr than gbi ik bkt kccur

quhcd`y.

Gftnr `kkdhbe gt ihffnrnbt wgys kb lkw stuinbts grn ln`pni tk haprkvn my ushbetnclbk`key, rnf`nct kb ykur kwb tngclhbe. Lkw cgb yku ln`p ykur `ngrbnrs mnmnttnr up ushbe tnclbk`key;

Vhsht tln shtn lttp://www.cgst.kre/stsstuiy.lta` gbi `ngrb akrn gmkut tln fk``kwhbe: Yln]k`n kf Kb`hbn Ckaaubhcgthkbs hb Sclkk`s.

7.3 Uly Hbtnergtn Ynclbk`key hb Kur Sclkk`s;

Gt tlhs stgen, wn lgvn `kkdni gt ihffnrnbt givgbtgens kf hbtnergthbe tnclbk`key hb kursclkk`s.

Fkr niucgthkb prkfnsshkbg`s ckaputnr bntwkrdhbe crngtns g prkfnsshkbg` mkbi mntwnnbtngclnrs gbi giahbhstrgtkrs gbi nbis hsk`gthkb.


3/10

MG hb N@Y Stuiy Euhin 3



Fkr stuinbtsg bnw systna kf dbkw`nien wh`` nblgbcn ck``gmkrgthvn `ngrbhbe4 g`tnrbgthvngssnssanbt4 gbi hbihvhiug`hzni `ngrbhbe.

@kkdhbe gt ykur kwb ckbtnxt, wlgt grn tln bnnis fkr tnclbk`key hb kur c`gssrkkas

bkwgigys;

Un cgb hinbthfy tln bnni fkr:

G slgrni sclkk`whin hbstructhkbg` vhshkb. Ckbsnbsus grkubi hbstructhkbg` ekg`s. G slgrni plh`kskply ckbcnrbhbe tln dhbis kf gcthvhthns tlgt wku`i suppkrt tlksn

ekg`s. G p`gbbni gbi suppkrt sbkwmg`` nffnct tlgt nbikrsns tln ngr`y gikptnrs gbi

ehvns tlna hbcnbthvns tk sprngi tln wkri sucl gs ckaputnrs fkr tlnhr pnrskbg`usn gbi ckapnbsgthkb gbi rnckebhthkb fkr inshebhbe mnbnfhchg` hbstructhkbg` usns

kf tnclbk`key. Yln ihstrhmuthkb kf nquhpanbt tlrkuelkut rneu`gr c`gssrkkas:

Kb`y nffncthvn hf tlnrn hs g crhthcg` agss kf agclhbns hb ngcl rkka (6-


4/10




Yln tnclbk`key suppkrts stuinbts pnrfkragbcn...

Yln tnclbk`key usn hs hbtnergtni hbtk gcthvhthns tlgt...

Ynclbk`key hs trngtni gs g tkk` tk ln`p gcckap`hsl...

]ngi tln tnxt mn`kw gbi snn hf ht agtclns ykur hings.

Nxgap`ns kf sucl gutlnbthc usns kf tnclbk`key

Ynclbk`key hs gbi wh`` ckbthbun tk mn gb hapkrtgbt ghi fkr tngclhbe gbi `ngrbhbe. Ylnsnnxgap`ns h``ustrgtn snvnrg` dny fngturns kf kur ckbcnpt kf gutlnbthc usns kf tnclbk`key:

Yln tnclbk`key suppkrts stuinbt pnrfkragbcn kf gb gutlnbthc tgsd.

Hb kur nxgap`ns, stuinbts grn wkrdhbe kb ckap`nx tgsds tlgt mngr g strkbernsnam`gbcn tk tgsds pnrfkrani hb bkb-sclkk` sntthbes (n.e., invn`kphbe gmushbnss p`gb, agdhbe inchshkbs gmkut `gbi usn) gbi/kr fh`` g enbuhbn bnnifkr tln stuinbts (n.e., prkiuchbe g incd fkr tln sclkk` ckurtygri). Gutlnbthctgsds usug``y hbvk`vn au`thp`n ihschp`hbns gbi grn clg``nbehbe hb tlnhrckap`nxhty.

Yln tnclbk`key usn hs hbtnergtni hbtk gcthvhthns tlgt grn g ckrn pgrt kftln c`gssrkka currhcu`ua.

Cklnb (78


5/10

MG hb N@Y Stuiy Euhin >



tgsds. Ynclbk`key sdh``s grn gcquhrni gs g angbs tk gb nbi, gbi stuinbtsrncnhvn prgcthcn hb sn`ncthbe gbi ushbe vgrhkus tnclbk`key gpp`hcgthkbs tkgcckap`hsl g whin vgrhnty kf tgsds.

Yln ckbcnpt kf gutlnbthc usns kf tnclbk`key agy mn inakbstrgtni akrnc`ngr`y my prkvhihbe skan nxgap`ns kf tnclbk`key usns tlgt ik bkt nxlhmhttln fngturns inscrhmni gmkvn. Yrgihthkbg` usns kf tnclbk`keyslkuì bkt mnckbstruni gs "mgi" prgcthcn mut shap`y gs gcthvhthns tlgt grn bkt `hdn`y tktrgbsfkra g c`gssrkka kr sclkk`.

Yln dhbis kf ckap`nx, angbhbefu` prkjncts whtlhb wlhcl gutlnbthc tnclbk`keyusn kccurs rnquhrn nxtnbini pnrhkis kf than fkr tlnhr hap`nanbtgthkb. Ylnygàkst g`wgys cg`` kb sdh``s gbi dbkw`nien frka ihffnrnbt ihschp`hbns (n.e.,agtlnagthcs tk gbg`yzn survny rnspkbsns, antnkrk`key tk ckbshinr bgturgìhsgstnrs tlgt ahelt strhdn g chty). Ylny grn bgturg``y ckbiuchvn tk sag`èrkup wkrd, whtl ihffnrnbt stuinbts pnrfkrahbe ihffnrnbt fubcthkbs gs kb g

spkrts kr wkrdp`gcn tnga, gbi whtl tln tngclnr gcthbe gs g ckgcl gbifgch`htgtkr fkr au`thp`n erkups. Hb tlnsn wgys, sucl prkjncts nxnrt prnssurn tkmrngd ikwb trgihthkbg` sclkk` sclniu`ns kf slkrt m`kcds kf than, grthfhchg`mgrrhnrs mntwnnb wlgt grn vhnwni gs snpgrgtn sumjnct grngs, gbi tlnmkubigrhns mntwnnb tln c`gssrkka gbi tln kutshin wkrì (Bnwagb, 788?).

Gt tln sgan than, sucl gutlnbthc usns kf tnclbk`key lgvn givgbtgens kvnrakrn ihigcthc usns shap`y mncgusn tlny grn sk f`nxhm`n. Agby tutkrhg` krnxp`krgtkry tnclbk`key gpp`hcgthkbs grn bkt gikptni my sclkk`s gbi tngclnrsmncgusn tln ckbtnbt tlny ckbvny ikns bkt agtcl tln kmjncthvns kf tlnpgrthcu`gr tngclnr, ihstrhct, kr stgtn. Ylus, tln tnclbk`key gpp`hcgthkb hs usnikb`y whtl g fnw stuinbts gs "nbrhclanbt" kr hs bnvnr gikptni gt g``. Hb

ckbtrgst, tnclbk`key gpp`hcgthkbs tlgt cgb mn usni gs g tkk` kr gckaaubhcgthkbs vnlhc`n (n.e., wkri prkcnsshbe gbi sprngislnnt skftwgrn,irgwhbe prkergas, bntwkrds) cgb suppkrt gby currhcuùa gbi cgb mn fu``ygsshah`gtni hbtk g tngclnr's kbekhbe ckrn prgcthcn (Angbs nt g`., 7883).


6/10




Nxpnrhnbcns whtl Ynclbk`key hb tln C`gssrkka

Uly usn tnclbk`key tk prkaktn niucgthkb rnfkra; Cgb yku tlhbd kf skan rngskbs;

Hb tln fk``kwhbe shtns yku wh`` fhbi skan nxgap`ns kf succnssfu` rnfkra-mgsni c`gssrkkagcthvhthns. Sngrcl tlrkuel tlna gbi agdn g `hst kf tln akst hbtnrnsthbe kbns gcckrihbe tkykur ckbtnxt.

ULX ^sn Ynclbk`key tk Suppkrt Niucgthkb ]nfkra;

lttp://www.ni.ekv/pums/Ni]nfkraStuihns/NiYncl/hbinx.lta`

lttp://www.ni.ekv/pums/Ni]nfkraStuihns/NiYncl/tnclrgthkbg`n.lta` LKU tk ^sn Ynclbk`key tk Suppkrt Niucgthkb ]nfkra;

lttp://www.ni.ekv/pums/Ni]nfkraStuihns/NiYncl/sclkk`stkrhns.lta`

lttp://www.ni.ekv/pums/Ni]nfkraStuihns/NiYncl/gpprkgclns.lta`

Hf wn grn gmkut tk usn tnclbk`key, LKU cgb wn GSSNSS hts nffncthvnbnss;


7/10




Lkw cgb wn gssnss hap`nanbtgthkbs hb tnclbk`key;

Lnrn grn skan hings tk gssnss tln rk`n kf tnclbk`key hb niucgthkb:

Stuinbt inakbstrgthkbs _krtfk`hk gssnssanbt Stuinbt prkiucts Ihehtg` pkrtfk`hks

Un dbkw tlgt hb krinr tk agdn tln akst kf tnclbk`key, ihffnrnbt strgtnehns lgvn tk mnhap`nanbtni gbi rk`ns lgvn tk mn p`gyni my g`` tln n`nanbts hbvk`vni sk tnclbk`keycgb mn mnst usni. Lkw cgb wn prkaktn clgben hb kur sclkk`s tk succni whtl ushbetnclbk`key;

Lkw cgb wn prkaktn clgben;

Hb g Inpgrtanbt kf Niucgthkb niucgthkbg` fkrua kf 788>, 9?? niucgtkrs, pgrnbts,hbtnrnstni ckaaubhty anamnrs, gbi mushbnss `nginrs, nstgm`hslni tln fk``kwhbe rk`ns kftnclbk`key hb prkakthbe clgben:

Gccnss tk Bnw Skurcns kf Hbfkragthkb Hbfkragthkb Yrgbsfnrs

_rkfnsshkbg` Invn`kpanbt Bnw @ngrbhbe Nxpnrhnbcns

_rkakthkb p`gys gb hapkrtgbt rk`n, mut tnclbk`key g`kbn wh`` bkt rnsu`t hb tln dhbi gbiinernn kf clgben bncnssgry. Dnnp hb ahbi tlgt ht ln`ps tk:

Gccnss bnw skurcns kf hbfkragthkb. _rkvhin hbfkragthkb trgbsfnrs (suppkrts bnw wgys fkr tngclnrs gbi tlnhr stuinbts

tk prnsnbt gbi ihssnahbgtn tlnhr rnsngrcl gbi gbg`ysns gs wn`` gs tlnhr crngthvnprkiucts.)

Nbckurgen tngclnr bntwkrdhbe gbi ck``gmkrgthkb, prkfnsshkbg` invn`kpanbttlrkuel bntwkrdhbe.

Inakbstrgtn bnw `ngrbhbe nxpnrhnbcns (stuinbts gs prkiucnrs gbi crngtkrs kfau`thanihg, bkt just pgsshvn rnchphnbts.)


8/10

MG hb N@Y Stuiy Euhin (lttp://hbnt.ni.ekv/).

7.> Muh`ihbe Sclkk`s kf tln Futurn

Sclkk`s invn`kpanbt ek lgbi my lgbi whtl givgbcns hb tnclbk`key. Un stgrtni fkr ykug `hst kf skan n`nanbts wlhcl grn bncnssgry fkr futurn sclkk`s. Yry tk gii skan ktlnrn`nanbts yku ckbshinr hapkrtgbt.

Sclkk`s kf tln futurn aust mn kpnb gbi f`nxhm`n. Bnw ckaaubhcgthkb slku`i prkaktn bnw ck``gmkrgthkbs gbi g lhelnr `nvn` kf

ckkpnrgthkb gbi crngthvn prkm`na-sk`vhbe.

Ek tk giihthkbg` rnskurcns 3 tk nxpgbi ykur hings kb n`nanbts kf futurn sclkk`s

Gs wn cgb snn sclkk`s kf tln futurn wh`` mn vnry c`ksn rn`gtni tk tnclbk`key. Ynclbk`keywh`` p`gy g akrn hapkrtgbt rk`n hb lkw tk in`hvnr niucgthkb kb tln tngclnrs shin gbi lkwtk rncnhvn gbi nxpgbi dbkw`nien kb tln stuinbts shin.


9/10




Ylhs hs g ekki clgbcn tk rnvhnw currnbt prgcthcn hb ykur kwb ckbtnxt. Ylhbdcgrnfu``y tk ykur kwb nxpnrhnbcns gs g tngclnr. Ulgt angbs kf tnclbk`key grngpp`hni hb ykur c`gssrkka;

Xku prkmgm`y clksn tn`nvhshkb, VC], VCI,C]I, ckaputnr, n-agh`, hbtnrbnt, ntcshbcntlgbds tk tnclbk`kehcg` givgbcns, akst invhcns cgb mn usni hb tln c`gssrkka agdhbetngclnrs gbi stuinbts nffkrts gbi ekg`s ngshnr tk gclhnvn. Mut, tlhs lgs bkt g`wgys mnnbsk ngsy. Ht lgs mnnb g rnsu`t kf snvnrg` prkjncts gbi rnsngrcl. @nts stgrt gbg`yzhbe skankf tln fhrst prkjncts fkr ushbe tnclbk`key hb niucgthkb.

7.6 Givgbtgens gbi ihsgivgbtgens kf ushbe tnclbk`key hb `gbeugen tngclhbe gbi

`ngrbhbe.

Ulgt grn tln givgbtgens gbi ihsgivgbtgens kf tlnsn tnclbk`key tkk`s;

Ynclbk`key Givgbtgens Ihsgivgbtgens

Hbtnrbnt

Ckaputnrs

Yn`nvhshkb

CI-]KA

VC]N-Agh`

IVI

Xku agy mn wkbinrhbe hf tnclbk`key usn ehvns aghb`y pkshthvn nffncts. Ht wku`ibt mnsurprhshbe tk snn tlgt kbn pktnbthg` enbnrg` ihsgivgbtgen kf agby kf tln bnw krnxtnbini tnclbk`kehns hs tlgt tlny rnquhrn spnchg` whrhbe tlgt sclkk`s agy bkt lgvn.

Ulgt ik yku tlhbd gmkut tlnsn ktlnr ihsgivgbtgens;

Agby bnw usnrs fngr tnclbk`key

Ynclbk`key mrngdikwbs cgb mn ihsrupthvn gbi usug``y rnquhrn nxpnrts tk rnpghr.

Hbhthg` lgriwgrn, skftwgrn, gbi kb`hbn ckbbncthkb cksts cgb mn lhel.

Nquhpanbt rgphi`y mnckans kutigtni.


10/10

MG hb N@Y Stuiy Euhin 7?



Skan sclkk`s ahsusn kr ubinr usn tnclbk`key (n.e., fkr irh`` gbi prgcthcn kb`y) krusn ht wlnb g akrn trgihthkbg` tnclbk`key agy mn nvnb akrn nffncthvn.

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Week 2-Reading Passage