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WEEE Arising: flows and implications

Federico Magalinimagalini@unu.edu

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Challenges under WEEE Recast

25 Settembre 2013 Presentation Ravenna 2

2012-2015

4 kg/ab or

Average 3 preceeding

years

2016-2018

45% PoM (3 preceeding

years)

From 2019

65% PoM (3 preceeding years) Or 85% WG

Including B2B

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National studies, European context

� Methodology Consolidated: � Used in NL, BE, IT� WIP FR � Under Discussion CZ

� Methodology applicable to all waste streams, including B2B

� Identified Critical Factors for:� Target Setting � Collection Target Achievement

� Foundation for upcoming CWIT EU Project

25 Settembre 2013 Presentation Ravenna 3

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Where WEEE are “2010”: Eurostat (19-03-2013)

0

5

10

15

20

25

B2B

B2C

25 Settembre 2013 Presentation Ravenna 4

Target 31/12/2006

Early adopters (pre WEEE Directive)

Followers (WEEE Directive)

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The WEEE Generated Model

25 Settembre 2013 Presentation Ravenna 5

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UNU KEYS

25 Settembre 2013 Presentation Ravenna 6

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Life-Time Profiles: Differences per UNU -KEY (Data ITA)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

16%

18%

2012 2014 2017 2019 2022 2024 2027 2029 2032 2034 2037

102 Dish-Washers

104 Washers

108&110 Fridges

111 Air Cond.

114 Microwaves

201 SHA

205 SHA Body Care

303 Laptop

307 LCD Monitor

401 Small CE

25 Settembre 2013 Presentation Ravenna 7

More influence of PoM on Generation

Saturated Markets

Inertia effect of past PoMInfluence average weight

Saturated Markets

DIFFERENT ProductsDIFFERENT Markets

DIFFERENT Generation

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Household EEE B2C Stock (Data ITA)

0

50

100

150

200

250

C&F LHHA Screens Mixed Total

25 Settembre 2013 Presentation Ravenna 8

29,7 pc/inh

1 pc/inh

2,7 pc/inh

1,4 pc/inh

24,6 pc/inh

Kg/inh

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Household EEE Stock (Data BEL)

Total: 79 EEE + 47 Lamps/Luminaires per HH (B2C) // 36 EEE per HH (B2B) Total Stock = 263 kg/inh.

25 Settembre 2013 Presentation Ravenna 9

Attic:1.0 Central Heating/ boiler

0.03 Sunbeds2 Other Lamps

1 Energy saving lamp2 TL lamps

3 Luminaires

Work/ hobby room6.0 Mice, keyboards, external drives, etc.

0.8 Desktops 0.8 Laptops/tablets1.1 Printers 1.4 Phone sets

3.5 Mobile phones 0.4 CRT Monitors0.7 LCD Monitors 1.1 Cameras

2 Other lamps 1 Energy saving lamps3 Luminaires 0.2 Exercise equipment

Sleeping room Kids room0.9 CRT TVs 2 Other lamps

2 Other lamps 1 Energy saving lamp1 Energy saving lamps 3 Luminaires

3 Luminaires 5.2 Electr. Toys1 Smoke alarm 0.5 Game Consoles

0.7 Smoke alarms

Bath room5.9 Shavers, elec.

toothbrushes hairfohns, etc.2 Other lamps

1 Energy saving lamps3 Luminaires

1.3 Thermometers/ bloodpressure meters

Living room 0.07 Aircons 5 Small households appliances: Clocks, adapters, chargers, etc.

2.2 Remote Controls, headphones, etc.2.2 Radio’s/Mp3 4.0 Audio/HiFi compon.

1.9 DVD/ VCRs 2.3 Speaker sets0.9 LCD TV’s 4 Other lamps2 Energy saving lamps 6 Luminaires

Kitchen0.6 Dishwashers 0.8 Ovens/furnaces

1.1 Ventilators/ hoods 1.0 Magnetrons1.4 Fridges 0.1 Icemakers, etc.

6.8 Small kitchen appliances: Blenders, mixers, frying pans, cooking plates, grills, toasters, etc

2.0 Coffee/ water cookers 2 Other lamps1 Energy saving lamp 3 Luminaires

Scullery Garden/garage1.0 Washing mach. 2.2 Other lamps

0.6 Dryers 3.7 Energy sav. lamps0.6 Freezers 3.2 Luminaires3.9 Irons, scales, 6.6 Drills, lawn adapters, etc. mowers, saws,

1.6 Vac. cleaners hedges, high pressure2.8 TL lamps cleaners, etc.

Total: 79 EEE + 47 Lamps/Luminaires per HH (B2C) // 36 EEE per HH (B2B) Total Stock = 263 kg/inh.

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Hybenrated EEE B2C Stock (Data ITA)

25 Settembre 2013 Presentation Ravenna 10

0

50

100

150

200

250

C&F LHHA Screens Mixed Total

Uncertainty

Stock not in use/Non workingStock in use

> 20 kg/inh

Kg/inh

3,5 kg/inh

6,6 kg/inh

2,6 kg/inh

8,4 kg/inh

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WEEE Flows 2011 (Data ITA)

25 Settembre 2013 Presentation Ravenna 11

Leakages of “valuable” streams

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Critical Aspects in waste statistics: Not just numbers

� EWC (CER) should be the right one (not scrap metals, other waste,…)� Economic reasons (profit scrap metal vs WEEEE) Driver

economico� Downstream treatment options (metal shredders vs WEEE

Recycling plants)� Future role ReUse (Recast):

� Streams to be ReUsed after collection phase (art 6.2 recast)� Streams to be directly ReUsed (e-bay,…)� Cheery picking fractions in collection points (art 6.2 recast)

26 Marzo 2013 MUD 2013 - Assorecuperi 12

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Overview: ITA, NLD, BEL

Data BEL NLD ITA Note

EEE PoM 26,2 26,2 21,6 (B2C)

Stock EEE 260 285 220 (B2C)

WG 22,4 24,2 16,3 (B2C) ITA excl Lamps

Reported Formal System 10,5 7,5 4,3

Complementary 2,7 6,6 > 6,9

Export EEE > 0,6 2,7 > 0,7

Export WEEE > 0,3 < 0,8 > 0,7

MSW 1,5 2,3 1,6 – 2,3

Unidentified +/- 6,8 3,9 – 5,1 +/- 6,0 ITA no downstream investigation in the study

25 Settembre 2013 Presentation Ravenna 13

Formal(s) alone currently does not suffice

Complementary streams paly a crucial role

Joint efforts (stakeholders) are needed to:• Investigate and track downstream

• Identify missing flows

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25 Settembre 2013

Informal e -waste recycling: Worldwide perspective

Presentation Ravenna

14

ITALYGHANA

Waste Resources

Polluting Environment

Human Health Consequences

Lacking Technologies

Lacking Legislative Framework

Preventing fair local business

Survival Imperative

Waste Resources

Polluting Environment

Human Health Consequences

Not Using Technologies

Ignoring Legislative Framework

Hampering fair local business

Cheating

Environmental SocialEconomic

Te

chn

olo

gy

Tra

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er

En

forc

em

en

t &

Pro

secu

tio

n

Ca

pa

city

Bu

ild

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wa

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ess

Ra

isin

g

Aw

are

ne

ss R

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ing

Don’t consider it “…just a developing countries’ problem” !!