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MovingfromCompliancetoSafetyinUCLaboratories:
AFacultyPerspectiveonWhereWeCameFromandWhereWeAreGoing
CraigMerlicUCLADepartmentofChemistryandBiochemistry
UCCenterforLaboratorySafety
December29,2008
SheharbanoSangji
AccidentAftermath
Repercussionsacross
• UCLAcampus
• UniversityofCaliforniasystem
• Chemistrydepartmentsanduniversitiesnationwide
• Federalagencies
• Professionalsocieties
Averytragicaccidentthathashadtrueimpactimproving
academicsafetypracticesandthecultureofsafety
UCLAResponseUCLAinitiatedawidearrayofchangesandactivitiesinresponsetotheaccident,Cal/OSHAinspections,andlegalfillings.• Chancellor• ViceChancellorforResearch• AssociateViceChancellorforResearch– LaboratorySafety• UCCenterforLaboratorySafety• LaboratorySafetyCommittee• Environment,HealthandSafety• Departments
• Faculty• ResearchStaff• GraduateStudentsandUndergraduateStudents
Changestoptobottomwererequiredtochangethesafetyculture
InitialFacultyResponseA widearrayofperspectivesfromresearchfaculty• “Arealtragedy”• “Ihadn’tconsideredthatimmediatecause”• “Mystudentsperformverysimilarprocedures”• “Itcouldhavehappenedinmylab”• “Ineedtoimprovehowmystudentsaretrained”• “Ineedtomonitormorecloselywhatmystudentsdo”• “SafetyistheroleofEH&S”• “EH&Sneedstodoabetterjobofsafetytraining”
Whatchangedsincethenandwhatarethekeyissues?
UCFacultyResponse• RequiredPIsafetytraining– initialandannual• RequiredmonitoringofresearchersPPE• Requiredtrainingoflabstaff• Requireddocumentationoftraining• Requiredresponsetoinspections• Requiredchangestolabmaintenance• Requiredchangestochemicalstorage,inventoryandhandling• Requiredchangestolabprotocols• RequireddocumentationofSOPsandlabprotocols
KeyPoints:• Communicatingresponsibilitiesandsettingexpectations• Cultureofsafetyestablishedbyacceptanceofsafetyrequirements
andfacultyengagement• Implementrequirementssetbythe1990OSHALaboratoryStandard
UCLAFaculty-LedSafetyCommittees
ViceChancellorforResearch
AnimalResearchCommittee
ChemicalandPhysicalSafety
Committee
InstitutionalBiosafetyCommittee
LaserSafetyCommittee
RadiationSafety
Committee
SafetyOversightCommittee
KeyPoints: EngageandEmpowerFacultyAllcommitteesareledbyresearchfaculty
SOCconsistsofViceChancellorforResearch,AVCResearchLabSafety,CommitteeChairs,EH&SDirector
PIResponsibility
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
0 1to2 3to50 1to2 3to5 6+ LabInjuries
Majorinjuries Minorinjuries
Stud
entsand
postdocs
PImonitorslabsafety
PIdoesnot monitorlabsafety
PImayormaynotchecksafety
ImpactofPISafetyEngagementontheNumberofLabInjuries
I.Schröder,D.Y.Q.Huang,O.Ellis,J.H.Gibson,N.L.Wayne;JChem HealthandSafety,2015
Key:FacultyEngagement
PIResponsibilityWhatisfacultyengagementinlabsafety?• Facultysetexpectationsonstudents• FacultyparticipateinEH&Sinspections• Facultyrespondtoinspectionreports• FacultywearPPE• Facultydiscusssafetyingroupmeetings• Facultydiscusssafetyindividually• Facultyareinvolvedindesignofexperimentsafety
Howtoobtainfacultyengagementinlabsafety?• Leadershipsetsexpectations• EH&Ssupportsandengagesthem• Leadershipempowersthem• EH&Shelpssolveproblems• EH&Sprovidesqualitytraining• Leadershipsupportsinnovation– softwaresolutions
PIResponsibility
Problem: NewChairofChemistryandBiochemistryhadahighnumberof“findings”fromEH&Sinspectionsofhislaboratory
Solutions:• FacultyEngagement• RotatingLaboratorySafetyOfficerpositionwhodoestwice-daily
inspectionstobetterappreciatethevalueofsafetyregulations• Frequentsafetyquizzesinmeetingstogiveresearchersanopportunity
toassesstheirsafetyknowledge
“AnApproachToEnhancetheSafetyCultureofanAcademicChemistryResearchLaboratorybyAddressingBehavioralFactors”I.O.Staehle,T.S.Chung,A.Stopin,G.S.Vadehra,S.I.Hsieh,J.H.Gibson,M.A.Garcia-Garibay;JournalofChemicalEducation 2016,93,217-222.
PIResponsibility
DocumentedoutcomeintermsofchangestothelabSafetyCultureasevidencedbyEH&SinspectionresultsinGarcia-Garibay Lab
0"
2"
4"
6"
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10"
12"
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2011"" 2012"" 2013)1"" 2013)2"" 2011" 2012" 2013)1" 2013)2" 2014"
Numbe
r"of"Findings"
Inspec;on"Year"
Departmental"Average"Compared"To"Garcia)Garibay"Group""from"2011"to"2013"
Personal"
Environmental"
Behavioral"
Department"Average" Garcia)Garibay"Group"
Results:
PIResponsibilitySafetyGuidelinesfortheChemistryProfessional- ACSDivisionofChemicalHealthandSafety
• Thechemistryprofessionalhasanethicalandlegalresponsibilitytoworkwithchemicalssafely.
• Chemistryprofessionalsneedtodevelopcompetencyinevaluatinghazards,conductingassessments,andmitigatingtherisksofthosehazards.
• Chemistryprofessionalsmustactivelyparticipateintheirorganizationalcultureconcerningthesafepracticeofchemistry.
• Safetyskillsneedtobeincludedaspartoftheformaleducationofchemistryprofessionals.
PIResponsibilitySafetyGuidelinesforScientists
- ACSDivisionofChemicalHealthandSafety• Scientists haveanethicalandlegalresponsibilitytoworkwithchemicalssafely.
• Scientists needtodevelopcompetencyinevaluatinghazards,conductingassessments,andmitigatingtherisksofthosehazards.
• Scientists mustactivelyparticipateintheirorganizationalcultureconcerningthesafepracticeofchemistry.
• SafetyskillsneedtobeincludedaspartoftheformaleducationofScientists.
PIResponsibility
HowtoreinforcePIResponsibility?• Campusleadershipmustsetexpectations• Expectationsmustbecommunicated• CampusEH&Smustsupportandreinforceexpectations
• EH&Smusthelpsolveproblems• PIsmustbeinvolvedinchanges• Expectationsmustbetaught
SafetyEducationLotsofawesomematerial,butsomechallenges:• AnnualsafetyrefreshertrainingbyEH&Sislosingimpact
• NeedtobridgethegapbetweenEH&Sgenerallabsafetytrainingandlab-specifictraining
• NotallPIsprovidequalitylab-specifictraining• ValueofSOPshighlyvariable• Bettersharingofaccidentinformationisneeded• PIResponsibilitytrainingmustbeahomerun
SafetyEducation
LessonsLearned• LessonsLearnedaretooretrospective• LessonsLearnedcanbetoofocused• LessonsLearnedstandardtheme:accidentduetolackofSOP
• LessonsLearnedcouldbebetterusedforillustratingconcepts
• SafetyCaseStudiescanprovideflexibility&rigor
SafetyEducation
SafetyCaseStudies• Casestudiespresentreallaboratorysituationswithenoughinformationtocompletesafetyevaluations,butenoughdetailmissingtoallowcreativityinmakinginterestingandcompellinganalyses.
• Foreachcasestudy:a)Identifyallpotentialhazardsb)Assessriskofeachhazardouseventc)Determinecontrols/steps/training/etc toeliminateor
minimizehazards
SafetyEducation
SafetyCaseStudies• UndergraduateResearch:Yourresearchadvisorassignedyou
tomentoranundergraduateresearchstudentwhowillworkwithyouonyourcurrentproject.Youareresponsibleforallaspectsofherlabandsafetytraininganddecidingwhichexperimentsshewillconductinthefirsttermofresearch.
• GelElectrophoresis:Youareinventinganewgelelectrophoresismethodfortheseparationandanalysisofgoldnanoparticlestaggedwithmacromolecules(DNA,RNAandproteins)basedonsizeandnetcharge.Youplantouseanoldhome-builtunitinordertomakeyourownmodificationstothegelcomposition,geldepth,electricfieldstrength,andelectrodedesign.
HazardIdentification,RiskAssessmentandHazardMitigation
MOSTimportantcomponentoflabsafety• FocusesonSafetyratherthanCompliance• Leastunderstoodcomponentoflabsafety• Leastusedcomponentoflabsafety• ACStoolisonesolution• STCcourseaimstoteachthistopic
HazardIdentification,RiskAssessmentandHazardMitigation
SomeHI/RA/HMtoolstrytocovereverything• Ifitistoocumbersome,itwillnotbeused• Thedetailthatmakesitrigorouslimitsitsuse• Afamilyoftoolsmightbemoreeffective• Asmartformwithinternallogiccouldbeanothersolutiontostreamlinetheprocess
• Usedatabasestocallupinformation
FACULTYTIMEOrlackthereof
• Yes,itisalousyexcusenottofollowthroughonlabsafety,but…
• FacultywantmoresupportfromcampusEH&S
• Universitysystemsneedmorecollaborationbetweencampuses
• EH&Sandothersafetycommunities,likeDCHAS,haveandwillcontinuetoplayamajorrole
CONCLUSIONS• Labsafetyisalotlikeexercise,thinkingaboutitonceamonthis
notgoodenough– Asustainedandcomprehensiveapproachisnecessary
• PIResponsibility– PIengagementisthemosteffectiveactiontoimpactsafety– PIengagementreducesinjuriesandpromotesacultureofsafety
• SafetyEducation– Criticaltoimprovesafetypractices,butmanygapsexist
• HazardIdentification,Risk,Assessment andHazardMitigation– Possiblythemostimportantactiontoimprovelabsafety– Requiredtomovefromsafetycompliancetolabsafety
ThinkSafety
Whatcouldgowrong?HowcanIpreventit?HowcanIpreparefortheunexpected?
Acknowledgements• Dr.Imke Schroeder(UCLA,UCCLS)• Dr.NancyWayne(UCLA,UCCLS)• Dr.MichaelBlayney (NorthwesternUniv,STC)
• AdvisoryBoard,UCCenterforLaboratorySafety• AdvisoryBoard,SafetyTrainingConsortium• UCLAChemistry&Biochemistry• UCLAEH&S• UCOPEnterpriseRiskManagement• UCRisk&SafetySolutions
• Milliken,Workrite,MissionLinen- ShieldTEC LabCoats