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Tuesday, July 5, 2016The Wall Street Journal. Online Edition. Saturday, May 6, y. -=-The New York Times. Online Edition. Saturday, May 6, y. -=-

#00570701 Islamic State Extends Reach as It Suffers DefeatsHit by battlefield and financial setbacks, group tries to inspire attacks outside ‘caliphate’By MARIA ABI-HABIB in Beirut andWILLIAM MAULDIN in WashingtonThe Wall Street Journal. Online Edition. Saturday, May 6, y. -=-

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Policemen on Sunday patrolled the road leading to the Holey Artisan Bakery, which was attacked by gunmen in Dhaka, Bangladesh.PHOTO: ADNAN ABIDI/REUTERS

Updated July 5, 2016 8:47 a.m. ET

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During a rare spate of attacks in Jordan recently, Western officials in the capital Amman intercepted messages from Islamic State leaders urging supporters to spread terror at home rather than join militants across the border in Syria.

That call, which was sent to all the group’s affiliates, and a similar appeal in a public speech by an Islamic State spokesman were followed by attacks outside the boundaries of its self-declared caliphate in Syria and Iraq. In the past week, supporters with suspected or confirmed ties to Islamic State have launched deadly strikes in Turkey, Iraq and Bangladesh.

Islamic State is increasingly reverting to less expensive but spectacular guerrilla maneuvers, calling on supporters to launch assaults while its costly makeshift army faces retention problems and casualties, Western officials said. It is expanding its global scope, inspiring groups and individuals spread across several continents, even though they may have different agendas and operational methods.

The frequency of attacks outside Syria and Iraq has increased in tandem with battlefield and territorial setbacks that have deprived the militants of key sources of income such as oil. The group’s shift in tactics has been prompted by those territorial losses, U.S. officials and security advisers say.

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Because its territory and finances continue to be pressed by competing U.S. and Russian-led military campaigns, Western and Arab officials say they expect more attacks with varying degrees of sophistication and links. That would include attacks such as the one in Orlando, Fla., where a shooter who apparently wasn’t directed by or in contact with Islamic State nonetheless claimed allegiance to the group. His killing spree left 49 people dead at a gay nightclub.

The attack in Baghdad, in which more than 150 people were killed in a huge car bomb explosion in one of the city’s busiest neighborhoods, was the first major bombing in Iraq after Islamic State lost the nearby city of Fallujah last month, a stinging defeat in a longtime stronghold.

MORE ON ISIS

Death Toll in Baghdad Bombing Exceeds 150

Bangladesh Attack Reveals Reach of Islamic State’s Radicalism

Fallujah’s Importance to ISIS Helped Iraqi Forces Retake It (June 29)

Iraqi Forces Take Full Control of Fallujah From Islamic State (June 26)

ISIS Shifts Tactics, From War-Fighting to Suicide Bombing (May 14)

Last Tuesday in Istanbul, three suicide bombers killed 45 people and wounded more than 230 at Istanbul Atatürk Airport. Turkish officials blamed Islamic State, though the group made no claims. The group did claim the killings of 22 people in Friday’s attack on a cafe in the Bangladeshi capital of Dhaka.

Turkish officials told the U.S. the airport attack was organized by a veteran Chechen fighter who had commanded an Islamic State battalion in Syria.

On Monday, deadly explosions struck in three cities in Saudi Arabia, leaving at least four dead. Riyadh described the attacks as acts of terror, but no one has claimed responsibility.

There appears to be little consensus on the reasons behind Islamic State’s pivot away from its core territory.

Some terrorism experts say the international attacks are likely connected to the U.S.-led campaign against the group. “I buy it that ISIS is doing these attacks since they’re on their back heel,” said William McCants, who directs a Brookings Institution project on U.S. relations with the Islamic world. “In their mind, they see this as making their enemies pay a price for attacking their territory.”

Others say these actions fit with the group’s widespread propaganda and recruitment efforts. “I think Islamic State would do them under any conditions,” said Bruce Riedel, a former Central Intelligence Agency officer now at the Brookings Institution. “What’s new is their capabilities outside the Middle East are improving.”

A U.S. administration official said Turkey’s information tracks with U.S. intelligence. The attack, along with previous suicide bombings attributed to Islamic State over the past year, came against a backdrop of threats by the group against the Turkish government for supporting the U.S.-led coalition’s fight against the insurgents in Syria.

Locals gathered Monday in Baghdad's Karrada neighborhood to mourn the victims of a massive car bomb blast that killed at least 151 on Sunday morning. Islamic State has claimed responsibility for the attack. Photo: Associated Press

After Islamic State was driven from the Syrian border town of Kobani by Kurdish forces backed by U.S. airstrikes in mid-2015, the group began “to be far more hostile to Turkey itself,” said Aaron Stein, a Syria specialist at the Atlantic Council in Washington. Turkey has begun to restrict the movements of militants and supplies through its territory, and allow the U.S. to use Incirlik Air Base in southeast Turkey to hit Islamic State strongholds.

The threat from the terror group is becoming increasingly diffuse and harder to thwart as Islamic State urges attacks across the globe—both lone wolf and those more closely administered—in its sleekly packaged propaganda and official speeches.

Before the Orlando shooter pledged allegiance to Islamic State, he claimed allegiance to Lebanon’s Hezbollah, a Shiite rival of the Sunni extremists. He was proof that almost anyone, despite a lack of ideological proficiency, can claim to spread terror in Islamic State’s name.

That attack was in contrast to those on the airports in Istanbul last week or in Brussels in March, where some operatives fought in Syria with Islamic State and received directives from the group’s command, officials in those countries say.

The orders to disparate militants stem in part from the group’s dwindling access to the Turkish border, previously the major crossing point for foreign recruits coming from Turkey to Syria, and also from Islamic State’s inability to financially support its caliphate. Its ranks have gone from 25,000 to 20,000, U.S. administration officials say.

In one recent sign, the group introduced a new fee to leave the caliphate, according to Syrians who have recently fled. Until recently, it had prevented the population under its control from leaving. The change may signal the group needs cash and is overextended, they said.

Among those who fled was Adnan, a Syrian. When Islamic State raised taxes on a farm he owned in

addition to the tax his family, as Christians, must pay, he said he closed his business and fled Syria, fearing the militants would block his family’s departure.

Civilians such as Adnan are a chief but dwindling source of revenue in Islamic State’s extortion racket, considered by U.S. officials as the group’s second largest income earner after oil.

The involvement of militants in the worst terrorist attack on Bangladesh soil shows Islamic State’s ability to recruit and motivate young Muslims far from its home base.

In Dhaka, security analysts say the group’s promise of an Islamic utopia has acted as a powerful motivational tool for conservative Muslims, allowing the group to target young men looking for meaning in their lives at a time Bangladeshi society is undergoing social and economic change.

When the five men who apparently carried out Friday’s deadly attack on the Holey Artisan Bakery cafe in Dhaka went missing a few months ago, they were in every sense typical Bangladeshi students—attending class, spending time with friends and obsessing over Bollywood stars.

When they reappeared on Friday, they had acquired the skills needed to infiltrate a well-guarded diplomatic enclave and hold at bay a large contingent of heavily armed police for almost 11 hours, killing 20 civilians and two senior police officers.

A U.S. administration official said Islamic State’s formal affiliates, such as in Egypt’s Sinai Peninsula or Libya, were a bigger concern when they arose, but they don’t appear to be coordinating their activities as closely with the group’s core as previously believed.

“What we can say is that none of them are close to ISIL core” operationally, he said using an acronym for Islamic State. “We’re not seeing massive amounts of money flow between them.”

—Syed Zain Al-Mahmood in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and Ned Levin in Istanbul contributed to this article.

Copyright 2016. Dow Jones & Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

#00570702 Multiple Bombings Rock Saudi ArabiaAt least four victims killed; no claim of responsibility for attacks in Medina, Qatif and JeddahBy AHMED AL OMRAN in Hofuf, Saudi Arabia andMARGHERITA STANCATI in DubaiThe Wall Street Journal. Online Edition. Saturday, May 6, y. -=-

A suicide bomber detonated a device outside the mosque where the Prophet Muhammad is buried in Medina, Saudi Arabia, on Monday, just two days before Eid al-Fitr, one of the most important days on the Muslim calendar. Photo: Noor Punasiya via AP

Updated July 4, 2016 7:17 p.m. ET

62 COMMENTS

Three explosions shook three Saudi cities and left at least four victims dead Monday as Muslims prepared for the festivities that mark the end of the fasting month of Ramadan.

A suicide bomber struck near one of Islam’s holiest sites in Medina, killing four security guards. Around the same time a second suicide bombing attacked a mosque in the eastern city Qatif, home to many of the country’s Shiite Muslim minority. Body parts from three suspected suicide bombers were found near the site, the interior ministry said.

The evening attacks came hours after a suicide bomber detonated an explosive belt that wounded two

near a U.S. diplomatic site in the Red Sea city of Jeddah.

No one claimed responsibility for the attacks, which occurred two days before Eid al-Fitr, one of the most important days on the Muslim calendar. The government described the bombings as acts of terror.

Saudi Arabia is home to Mecca and Medina, the birthplace of Islam and its first capital, respectively. It has been repeatedly targeted by Sunni extremists including Islamic State, who see the ruling monarchy as heretics and accuse it of having betrayed their religion for their alliance with the West.

The evening explosion in Medina targeted a parking lot used by the country’s Special Emergency Forces near the sprawling Prophet’s Mosque, where Prophet Muhammad is said to be buried, state television said. Millions of pilgrims from around the world visit the mosque each year.

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Saudi policemen stand guard at the site where a suicide bomber blew himself up in the early hours of

Monday near the American consulate in Jeddah. PHOTO: AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE/GETTY IMAGES

The attack took place shortly after sunset, as worshipers gathered to break their dawn-to-dusk fast in the mosque’s open courtyards, killing the four guards and wounding five others. Footage that circulated on social media showed a car in flames and a thick plume of black smoke rising behind the packed mosque.

“Everything was so quiet as everyone was eating, then there was a huge noise and the ground started shaking,” said witness Omar Johani. “I panicked but people around me calmed me down. This should be a very peaceful time.”

Evening prayers were held as usual shortly after the attack.

The early-morning explosion in Jeddah left only the attacker, a 34-year-old Pakistani citizen, dead, the interior ministry said. Two members of Saudi Arabia’s security forces were lightly injured, the Interior Ministry said. Other explosive devices that failed to detonate were found in the vicinity, an interior ministry spokesman told state television.

The interior ministry said the suicide bomber had been living in Jeddah with his family for over a decade. The kingdom has a vast population of migrant workers, and many of them are from Pakistan.

A suicide bomber blew himself up near the U.S. consulate in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, early Monday. Two security officials were lightly injured in the attack. Photo: Reuters

The U.S. Embassy in Riyadh said there were no casualties or injuries among U.S. Consulate staff and urged American citizens to take extra precautions when traveling in the country. The U.S. Consulate General building in Jeddah, located in the busy Al-Hamra neighborhood, was the site of a 2004 al Qaeda attack that left nine people dead.

“Three attacks in 24 hours suggests that there is a concerted campaign, a deliberate attempt to create a sense of instability and uncertainty in Saudi Arabia,” says Fahad Nazer, a senior analyst with JTG Inc. who previously worked as a political analyst at the Saudi Embassy in Washington, D.C. “But it’s not surprising. [Islamic State has] made it clear that Saudi Arabia, for them, is the ultimate prize because of its status in the Islamic world.”

The attack in Medina evoked memories of the 1979 siege of the Grand Mosque in Mecca by Sunni extremists, a pivotal episode in Saudi history that inspired future generations of militants.

Islamic State attacks over the past year have left dozens of people dead in Saudi Arabia, most of them Shiites. The Sunni extremist group has also targeted security forces and government installations.

Saudi Arabia is part of the U.S.-led military coalition fighting Islamic State in Iraq and Syria. The Ministry of Interior said last month that 26 terror attacks had taken place in the kingdom in the last two years, the majority of them attributed to the militant group.

Islamic State attacks in Baghdad, Istanbul and Dhaka over the past week have left more than 200 people dead.

Write to Ahmed Al Omran at Ahmed.AlOmran@wsj.com

Copyright 2016. Dow Jones & Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

#00570703 Elie Wiesel, Holocaust Survivor and Nobel Laureate, Dies at 87Author gained acclaim for ‘Night,’ his account of life in Nazi concentration campsBy BRENDA CRONIN andRORY JONES

The Wall Street Journal. Online Edition. Saturday, May 6, y. -=-

Nobel laureate and Holocaust survivor Elie Wiesel has died. He was 87 years old. Photo: AP

Updated July 2, 2016 11:25 p.m. ET

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Elie Wiesel, the Holocaust survivor and Nobel Peace Prize winner who educated millions about the atrocities of the Nazi concentration camps, has died. He was 87 years old.

His death was announced in a statement by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu,who said Mr. Wiesel “personified the triumph of the human spirit over the most unimaginable evil“ to become “a powerful force for light, truth and dignity.”

Further details weren’t immediately available.

Tributes to the peace advocate and activist—who famously warned that “The opposite of love is not hate, it’s indifference…and the opposite of life is not death, it’s indifference”—poured in from around the world Saturday.

“With Elie Wiesel, it is not just a great writer, a philanthropist and a scholar who is leaving us,” German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier said in a statement, “it is above all an indefatigable fighter against hatred, intolerance and violence.”

Mr. Wiesel “touched the hearts of so many and helped us to believe in forgiveness, in life, and in the eternal bond of the Jewish people,” Israeli President Reuven Rivlin said in a statement.

An author of dozens of works of fiction and nonfiction, Mr. Wiesel also published “Night,” a harrowing and acclaimed memoir of his family’s 1944 capture and detainment in the Auschwitz and Buchenwald concentration camps.

Elie Wiesel’s Life in Photos

Nobel laureate and Holocaust survivor Elie Wiesel has died. He was 87 years old.

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Mr. Wiesel, center, with the wife of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, Sara, second from right, at the U.S. Capitol in Washington, D.C., on March 3, 2015. CHIP SOMODEVILLA/GETTY IMAGES

Elie Wiesel during a news conference in Budapest on Dec. 10, 2009. Mr. Wiesel educated millions in the atrocities of the German concentration camps during World War II. BELA ...

Children and other prisoners liberated by the 3rd U.S. Army march from the Buchenwald concentration camp in Germany in April 1945. The tall youth in the line at left, fourth from the front, is Mr. Wiesel. BYRON H. ROLLINS/ASSOCIATED PRESS

Mr. Wiesel, center, with his son, Elisha, left, and Egil Aarvik, chairman of the Norwegian Nobel Committee,

pose with the Nobel Peace Prize in Oslo on Dec. 10, 1986. ASSOCIATED PRESS

Mr. Wiesel in front of a photo of himself and other inmates at the Buchenwald concentration camp in 1945 at the Holocaust Memorial Center in Jerusalem on Dec. 18, 1986. Mr. Wiesel wrote dozens of books, including ‘Night,’ based on his experiences in the Nazi concentration camps.SVEN NACKSTRAND/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE/GETTY IMAGES

Mr. Wiesel with exiled Tibetan spiritual leader the Dalai Lama at the Light of Truth Award ceremony in Washington, D.C., on Nov. 15, 2005. Mr. Wiesel became a voice for human rights and peace throughout the world. MANDEL NGAN/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE/GETTY IMAGES

Actor and producer George Clooney and Mr. Wiesel spoke to the media at United Nations headquarters in New York on Sept. 14, 2006, after the two addressed the Security Council on the war in Darfur. STAN HONDA/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE/GETTY IMAGES

President Barack Obama presents the National Humanities Medal to Mr. Wiesel at the White House on Feb. 25, 2009. PABLO MARTINEZ MONSIVAIS/ASSOCIATED PRESS

Mr. Wiesel, right, at the Buchenwald concentration camp in Germany on June 5, 2009. With him, from left, are Holocaust survivor Bertrand Herz, German Chancellor Angela Merkel and President Obama. GERALD HERBERT/ASSOCIATED PRESS

Mr. Wiesel in his office in New York on Sept. 12, 2012. A much-decorated scholar and advocate, Mr. Wiesel was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1986. BEBETO MATTHEWS/ASSOCIATED PRESS

Mr. Wiesel and his wife, Marion, at a book signing for Bérénice Vila Baudry at The Plaza Hotel in New York on July 9, 2013. DIMITRIOS KAMBOURIS/GETTY IMAGES

Mr. Wiesel, center, with the wife of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, Sara, second from right, at the U.S. Capitol in Washington, D.C., on March 3, 2015. CHIP SOMODEVILLA/GETTY IMAGES

Elie Wiesel during a news conference in Budapest on Dec. 10, 2009. Mr. Wiesel educated millions in the atrocities of the German concentration camps during World War II. BELA SZANDELSZKY/ASSOCIATED PRESS

Born in 1928 in what is now Romania into an observant Jewish family, Mr. Wiesel was a teenager when the Nazis sent his family to the camps. His mother, father and younger sister died there, while he and his two older sisters survived.

Mr. Wiesel completed his education in France and worked as a journalist. He embarked on the memoir with the encouragement of the French author François Mauriac, whom he had interviewed while working for a Tel Aviv newspaper.

The Nazis’ atrocities seared themselves on the memory of the young Mr. Wiesel, who later wrote of the book: “If in my lifetime I was to write only one book, this would be the one. Just as the past lingers in the present, all my writings after ‘Night,’ including those that deal with biblical, Talmudic or Hasidic themes, profoundly bear its stamp, and cannot be understood if one has not read this very first of my works.”

Originally published in France in the 1950s and then in the U.S. in 1960 by Hill & Wang, the book—which veteran publisher Peter Mayer, who knew Mr. Wiesel, called an “incandescent beacon for the suffering of the Jewish people”—has become a classroom staple around the globe.

Hill & Wang is an imprint of Farrar, Straus and Giroux, which is owned by Macmillan.

MORE COVERAGE

Elie Wiesel’s Funeral Held at Manhattan Synagogue

For Wiesel, New York City Became Home

Tributes Pour In From Around the World

Mr. Wiesel has “introduced millions of students to the atrocities of the Holocaust,” said Jeff Seroy, a senior vice president at Farrar, Straus and Giroux. “It’s an incredible teaching tool because kids can relate to the protagonist.” Mr. Seroy said that title sells nearly 500,000 paperback copies a year in the U.S.

Mr. Seroy said he once accompanied Mr. Wiesel to a taping of Oprah Winfrey’s TV talk show and noticed there was a box of tissues under every chair. “When I first saw that I cocked my eye, but by the end I’d used up most of a box myself,” Mr. Seroy said.

Mr. Wiesel ultimately became a leading educator of the horrors of the Holocaust and a voice for human rights and peace throughout the world. According to the biography on the Elie Wiesel Foundation for Humanity website, he taught at Boston University, with stints in the 1970s and ’80s at the City University of New York and Yale University. In 1978, he was named chairman of the President’s Commission on the Holocaust.

Mr. Wiesel was also instrumental in creating Holocaust memorials around the world, including Yad Vashem, the World Holocaust Remembrance Center, in Jerusalem.

A much-decorated scholar and advocate, Mr. Wiesel was honored with the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Congressional Gold Medal. He was a member of the French Legion of Honor and the American Academy of Arts and Letters.

In 1986, Mr. Wiesel was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. In accepting the honor, he said of his work to preserve the memory of the Holocaust, “I have tried to keep memory alive, that I have tried to fight those who would forget. Because if we forget, we are guilty, we are accomplices.”

After winning the Nobel Prize, he and his wife, Marion, established their foundation to promote international justice and human rights.

The foundation later invested with Bernard Madoff and lost money when Mr. Madoff’s firm was revealed to be a Ponzi scheme.

—Jeffrey A. Trachtenberg contributed to this article.

Write to Brenda Cronin at brenda.cronin@wsj.com and Rory Jones atrory.jones@wsj.com

Copyright 2016. Dow Jones & Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

#00570704 Baltimore Officer Charged in Freddie Gray Death to Go on TrialPretrial proceedings, jury selection set to begin in case against Lt. Brian RiceBy CAMERON MCWHIRTERThe Wall Street Journal. Online Edition. Saturday, May 6, y. -=-

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Lt. Brian Rice, center, is the highest-ranking Baltimore police officer to faces charges in the 2015 death of Freddie Gray, an unarmed black man who died while in custody. Officers Edward Nero, left, and Garrett Miller are also shown from in this March photo. PHOTO: JOSE LUIS MAGANA/ASSOCIATED PRESS

July 4, 2016 5:49 p.m. ET

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Proceedings are scheduled to begin this week for the fourth and highest-ranking Baltimore police officer to stand trial for the 2015 incident in which a 25-year-old black man died of injuries sustained while in police custody.

The death of Freddie Gray, which sparked protests and rioting in Maryland’s largest city, became a high-profile rallying point in the national debate over policing in minority communities. Three of the officers charged in the case were black and three were white.

Police had arrested Mr. Gray for allegedly possessing a switchblade. After Mr. Gray’s death, Baltimore prosecutors charged six police officers with a range of offenses stemming from the incident. All six have pleaded not guilty.

Pretrial proceedings are set for Tuesday for Lt. Brian Rice, who faces charges of involuntary manslaughter, second-degree assault, reckless endangerment and two counts of misconduct in office involving the April 12, 2015, arrest of Mr. Gray, who suffered severe spinal injuries while handcuffed and shackled in a police van. Mr. Gray died April 19, 2015.

Jury selection could begin Wednesday in the trial of Lt. Rice, 42 years old. Lt. Rice was the first officer to make eye contact with Mr. Gray during the incident.

So far prosecutors have failed to convict anyone over Mr. Gray’s death. Three officers charged in the incident have gone to trial. A judge acquitted two officers and the case against a third officer ended in a mistrial. That officer is scheduled to be retried this fall.

Write to Cameron McWhirter at cameron.mcwhirter@wsj.com

Copyright 2016. Dow Jones & Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

#00570705 Death Toll in Baghdad Bombing Exceeds 150Attack by Islamic State marks extremist group’s first major attack on the Iraqi capital since losing FallujahBy GHASSAN ADNAN in Baghdad andKAREN LEIGH in DubaiThe Wall Street Journal. Online Edition. Saturday, May 6, y. -=-

Locals gathered Monday in Baghdad's Karrada neighborhood to mourn the victims of a massive car bomb blast that killed at least 151 on Sunday morning. Islamic State has claimed responsibility for the attack. Photo: Associated Press

Updated July 4, 2016 11:01 a.m. ET

122 COMMENTS

The death toll from a massive car bomb explosion in the heart of one of Baghdad’s busiest neighborhoods rose to at least 151 on Monday, authorities said, as Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi announced additional

security measures in the Iraqi capital.

Islamic State claimed responsibility for the blast in Karrada, which occurred Sunday morning as the district’s streets swarmed with young people and families. At least 195 people were also wounded in the explosion.

The bombing appeared designed to maximize mayhem. Restaurants were crowded for the nighttime meals that mark the end of each day’s fast during Ramadan, and stores swarmed with shoppers buying gifts in preparation for Eid al-Fitr, the festive celebration that culminates the monthlong observance.

Gen. Khadhum Salman, the head of Iraq’s civil defense, told state television that the militants used highly flammable materials that caused flames to spread quickly. Some 44 firetrucks were dispatched to the blaze.

It was the Sunni Muslim extremist group’s first major attack on the Iraqi capital since it was routed by Iraqi forces in the city of Fallujah late last month. A succession of battlefield defeats in Syria and Iraq has led the militants increasingly to revert to suicide attacks on civilians in urban areas and other guerilla-style military tactics.

The attack in Karrada kindled new anger over the deteriorating security in Baghdad. It is thought to be the deadliest single bombing in the capital since February 2007, when a car bomb targeted a market in the Al Sadriyah district, killing 130 people.

When Mr. Abadi toured the site hours after the blast, angry crowds jeered him, calling him a thief and throwing shoes and rocks at his convoy.

“Leave, leave, don’t let him stay here,” they shouted. Late Sunday, Mr. Abadi issued a statement announcing an increase in security and intelligence efforts but gave no details.

Interior ministry spokesman Saad Maan said measures would be taken against the security personnel in charge of the area where the explosion took place.

“We are making efforts to arrest the criminals who [carried out] this crime. Such crimes won't stop us from defeating the terrorism of Daesh,” he said, using an Arabic acronym for Islamic State.

Khalid Al Mullah, a well-known senior Sunni cleric and adviser to President Fuad Masum, criticized what he called Mr. Abadi’s indecisiveness in dealing with security matters.

“We need men of state to run this country and to protect it,” he said in a scathing televised speech. “We have hundreds [of people] getting killed and the government does nothing.”

Islamic State said in a statement distributed online that it had targeted a gathering of Shiite Muslims, whom they regard as polytheists and infidels.

Minutes after the Karrada bombing a bomb detonated in the crowded east Baghdad neighborhood of al-Shaab, killing four people and wounding 16, the interior ministry said. No group has claimed responsibility for the second attack.

On Monday, violence continued. A suicide bomber wearing an explosives vest blew himself up as he was searched at a government checkpoint in the Baghdad’s Sabe Al Bore district, killing two soldiers and wounding three others, the interior ministry said.

Two bombs went off elsewhere in the city, killing five people and injuring 24 others, the ministry said. There was no claim of responsibility for either attack.

Mr. Abadi has presided over months of political uncertainty, partly caused by frequent attacks on Baghdad and other cities that have exposed gaps in Iraq’s security infrastructure.

“Despite repeated promises made by security forces, the slaughtering of Iraqis continues on a daily basis by the terrorists,” said Ayad Allawi, the former Iraqi prime minister and one of Mr. Abadi’s political rivals.

The Iraqi army reclaimed full control of Fallujah from Islamic State on June 26. The city, in Anbar province some 40 miles west of Baghdad, served as a command center for the terror group, and was one of its last major strongholds in Iraq following its loss of Ramadi and the northern city of Sinjar.

Islamic State retains control of Mosul, Iraq’s second-largest city, which it has held since overrunning large swaths of the country in 2014. An offensive to reclaim the city has been discussed for two years but not launched.

The group’s ability to stage major attacks in what are supposed to be well-secured parts of Baghdad underlines its resilience and the government’s failure to uproot it.

“Daesh is trying to prove its existence by [carrying out] attacks in Karrada, specially after being defeated in Fallujah,” said Saad Al Mutalibi, deputy head of the Baghdad provincial council’s security committee.

In May, Islamic State claimed responsibility for a series of bombings over three days that left more than 100 people dead across the Iraqi capital, in some of the deadliest insurgent violence in recent years.

— Ali A. Nabhan in Baghdad contributed to this article.

Write to Karen Leigh at karen.leigh@wsj, com

Copyright 2016. Dow Jones & Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

#00570706 On the Unity of TerrorOrlando, Istanbul, Dhaka, Baghdad—and a 13-year-old girl murdered in her sleep.By BRET STEPHENSThe Wall Street Journal. Online Edition. Saturday, May 6, y. -=-

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Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, right, and Palestinian Hamas leader Khaled Marshal in Istanbul last year. PHOTO: ASSOCIATED PRESS

July 4, 2016 7:11 p.m. ET

393 COMMENTS

Islamic terrorism has had a banner few weeks, with 49 Americans gunned down in Orlando, 45 travelers killed in Istanbul, 20 diners butchered in Dhaka, and more than 200 Iraqis blown up in Baghdad.

Oh, and some Israeli settlers were killed, too. But they’re not quite in the same category, right?

In November, after Islamic State’s massacres in Paris, John Kerry offered some unscripted thoughts on how the atrocity differed from others. “There’s something different about what happened from Charlie Hebdo, and I think everybody would feel that,” he said, referring to the January 2015 attack on the satirical French newspaper. He continued:

“There was a sort of particularized focus [to the Hebdo attack] and perhaps even a legitimacy in terms of—not a legitimacy, but a rationale that you could attach yourself to somehow and say, okay, they’re really angry because of this and that. This Friday [in Paris] was absolutely indiscriminate. It wasn’t to aggrieve one particular sense of wrong. It was to terrorize people.”

Mr. Kerry’s remarks again betrayed the administration’s cluelessness about ISIS, which aims to annihilate anything it doesn’t consider . . . Islamic. Understanding its takfiriversion of Islam, with its sweeping declarations of apostasy, is essential to understanding how it thinks and operates.

But no less telling was Mr. Kerry’s view that not all terrorism is fundamentally alike; that some acts of terror have a rationale “you could attach yourself to.” The comment is striking not for being unusual but for being ordinary, another formulation of the conventional wisdom that terrorism, like war, is politics by other means. From such a view it’s a short step to treating some acts of terror as legitimate, or nearly so.

Which brings me to the case of Hallel Yaffe Ariel, a 13-year-old Israeli girl who on Thursday was stabbed to death in her sleep by a 19-year-old intruder named Mohammad Tra’ayra. It’s difficult to imagine any act as evil or as cowardly as murdering a child in her sleep. But Hallel lived with her family in the West Bank Israeli town of Kiryat Arba, making her a settler, while Tra’ayra, who was shot dead on the scene, came from a nearby Palestinian village.

What happened to Hallel has happened to countless settlers: five members of the Fogel family, butchered in their beds in 2011; the three teenage boys who were kidnapped and murdered by Hamas in 2014; the rabbi who was shot and killed on Friday on a West Bank road while driving with his wife and two children. Yet their deaths are supposed to be different from those of other terrorism victims, since they were all “occupiers” whose political crimes rendered them complicit in their own tragedy. That’s how much of global public opinion has long treated terrorism when the target is Israel. It has a rationale. It’s understandable, if not justifiable. It’s Israel’s problem, Israel’s fault, and has no bearing on the rest of us.

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For many years, the Turkish government ofRecep Tayyip Erdogan made common cause with Hamas. Israeli officials have accused Turkey of hosting a Hamas command center—a key point of contention in

Jerusalem’s efforts to reconcile with Ankara—and Mr. Erdogan has repeatedly met with Hamas leader Khaled Mashal, including just days before last month’s airport attack.

The Turkish people deserve full sympathy for that atrocity. But no sympathy is owed a Turkish potentate who has been sympathetic to terrorists as long as they aimed their fire at Israel or other convenient targets. All the more so since until recently Mr. Erdogan’s attitude toward Islamic State matched ambivalence with indifference, to put it diplomatically.

What’s true of Turkey goes for other recent victims of terrorism. Pakistan has long played a double game with terrorists, supporting groups that hit civilian targets in Afghanistan and India, only to be shocked when the same groups, or their cousins, turned against the mother country.

Saudi Arabia’s former interior minister, the late Prince Nayef, was for years the head of the Saudi Committee for Supporting the Al Aqsa Intifada, in which capacity he distributed millions to “the families of martyrs.” As late as November 2002, he blamed 9/11 on a Zionist plot, only to be disabused of the view once al Qaeda began attacking Saudi Arabia directly.

Or take Bangladesh. In April, Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina addressed the murder of a secularist blogger named Nazimuddin Samad—part of an assassination campaign in which some 30 secularists have been killed in the past three years—by asking, “If someone writes filthy things about my religion, why should we tolerate it?” Now her government seems astonished to learn that ISIS has Bangladesh in its sights.

It’s depressing to think that the only way the world might understand the truth about terrorism is to have some experience of it. Still, it’s worth stressing that terrorism is not the continuation of politics but the negation of it, and that the murder of a 13-year-old “settler” has no more a rationale than what ISIS did in Orlando, Istanbul and Dhaka. Terrorism can be defeated, but only once that lesson is learned.

Write bstephens@wsj.com.

Copyright 2016. Dow Jones & Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

#00570707 A West Pointer Comes HomeThis July 4, Cadet Tom Surdyke was laid to rest alongside his brothers in the long gray line.By WILLIAM MCGURNThe Wall Street Journal. Online Edition. Saturday, May 6, y. -=-

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West Point Cadet Tom Surdyke. 

July 4, 2016 7:09 p.m. ET

95 COMMENTS

West Point, N.Y.

Tom Surdyke was a real-live Yankee Doodle Dandy, right down to his date of birth—the Fourth of July.

This one would have been his 19th. But instead of celebrating with cake and fireworks, this Independence Day Tom’s family wrapped him in their love for the last time and buried him here along the Hudson, at the academy that was his destiny and is now his final resting place: West Point.

This columnist met Tom two Sundays ago, while he was visiting fellow cadet James Crimmins in our New Jersey hometown of Madison. After church, we were introduced to a young man who radiated decency and strength.

My mind reacted as a father’s. How splendid it would be, I thought to myself, if one day I were to open my front door to someone calling on one of my three daughters—and find standing before me a young man like this one.

The following Friday, James and Tom were out in Southampton, enjoying some summer fun before reporting back to the academy. Then tragedy intervened. They were in the water with another young man when a rip current started pulling. James rushed for shore to call 911, and alerted two others on the beach who used their paddle boards to pull Tom and the other young man out of the water.

Unfortunately, though Tom succeeded in keeping the other boy afloat, he took in much seawater. On shore, James and others applied CPR under the direction of a cardiologist who was on the beach. But Tom was in distress, and he lost his heartbeat at least three times before he got to the hospital.

Late that same Friday evening, Tim and Janice Surdyke flew in from their home in Festus,Mo. The news from doctors was not good. The following Tuesday, after so many prayers from so many people across so much of this country, their son stepped into the hereafter.

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The Rev. Edward Nemeth is president of St.Pius X High School just outside St. Louis, where Tom’s mother still works. Tom knew Father Nemeth as his priest, as his teacher and as his football coach.

“Tom was the product of so many good influences, starting with an incredible family,” Father Nemeth says. “He was everything we call the St. Pius Way—a way of life that’s all about service, self-sacrifice and faith.”

Often West Point is thought of in terms of its legendary generals: Lee, Grant, Custer,Pershing, Patton, Eisenhower, MacArthur and so on. But West Point does not exist to produce generals.

It exists for something much higher. For the promise West Point makes to the American people is this: When the Army sends your child into harm’s way, he will be led by officers of character and ability.

And what a West Pointer Tom was. Like every cadet there today, he stepped forward at a time of war, knowing full well the price that might entail. Turns out he also chose to be an organ donor, which meant that even death did not end Cadet Surdyke’s service to others.

And as Tom lay in rest before his funeral, the Army bestowed on him the Soldier’s Medal for his successful—and heroic—effort to save his fellow swimmer. It’s the highest award for valor not involving armed conflict with the enemy.

The funeral Mass at West Point underscored another fact about Tom and his family: The Surdykes are people of faith. This faith does not in the slightest ease the ache. But it infuses endurance with hope and meaning.

Tom’s three beautiful sisters—Elaine, Rose and Francie—reflect this faith. It’s obvious they adored him. Equally obvious is that these young ladies know their brother, in the arms of the Lord, is now more alive than when he walked this earth. Even as they cry, they do so in the confidence that their love reaches through eternity to touch him still, and his love for them reaches right back.

As with duty, and honor, and country, there is no irony when families like this one speak of faith and love and prayer. For such people, these are not simply pleasant-sounding words. These words are hard reality.

A glimpse into the terrible beauty of this reality came when Tom, lying helpless on his hospital bed, nonetheless inspired prayers from thousands of people who never knew him but somehow felt they did. At his funeral, those who did know him packed the Catholic chapel. The message from the long gray line was unmistakable: You are loved, our brother, and we shall never forget you.

Now Tom Surdyke lies with others like him, a West Pointer forever, whose short life reminds us how blessed America is by the gift of families like his. May the Almighty welcome home His faithful son—and bring comfort to those hurting most because they loved him most.

Write to mcgurn@wsj.com.

Copyright 2016. Dow Jones & Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

#00570708 Notable & Quotable: Elie Wiesel’s Nobel Speech‘Silence encourages the tormentor, never the tormented. Sometimes we must interfere.’The Wall Street Journal. Online Edition. Saturday, May 6, y. -=-

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1986 Nobel Peace prize winner and writer Elie Wiesel gives a speech after awarding ceremonies on December 11, 1986. PHOTO: AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE/GETTY IMAGES

July 4, 2016 7:05 p.m. ET

15 COMMENTS

From the 1986 Nobel Peace Prize acceptance speech by author, humanities professor and Holocaust survivor Elie Wiesel, who died Saturday at age 87:

It is with a profound sense of humility that I accept the honor you have chosen to bestow upon me. I know: your choice transcends me. This both frightens and pleases me.

It frightens me because I wonder: do I have the right to represent the multitudes who have perished? Do I have the right to accept this great honor on their behalf? . . . I do not. That would be presumptuous. No one may speak for the dead, no one may interpret their mutilated dreams and visions.

It pleases me because I may say that this honor belongs to all the survivors and their children, and through us, to the Jewish people with whose destiny I have always identified.

I remember: it happened yesterday or eternities ago. A young Jewish boy discovered the kingdom of night. I remember his bewilderment, I remember his anguish. It all happened so fast. The ghetto. The deportation. The sealed cattle car. The fiery altar upon which the history of our people and the future of mankind were meant to be sacrificed.

I remember: he asked his father: “Can this be true?” This is the twentieth century, not the Middle Ages. Who would allow such crimes to be committed? How could the world remain silent?

And now the boy is turning to me: “Tell me,” he asks. “What have you done with my future? What have you done with your life?”

And I tell him that I have tried. That I have tried to keep memory alive, that I have tried to fight those who would forget. Because if we forget, we are guilty, we are accomplices.

And then I explained to him how naive we were, that the world did know and remain silent. And that is why I swore never to be silent whenever and wherever human beings endure suffering and humiliation. We must always take sides. Neutrality helps the oppressor, never the victim. Silence encourages the tormentor, never the tormented. Sometimes we must interfere. When human lives are endangered, when human dignity is in jeopardy, national borders and sensitivities become irrelevant. Wherever men or women are persecuted because of their race, religion, or political views, that place must—at that moment—become the center of the universe.

Of course, since I am a Jew profoundly rooted in my peoples’ memory and tradition, my first response is to Jewish fears, Jewish needs, Jewish crises. For I belong to a traumatized generation, one that experienced the abandonment and solitude of our people. It would be unnatural for me not to make Jewish priorities my own: Israel, Soviet Jewry, Jews in Arab lands . . . But there are others as important to me. Apartheid is, in my view, as abhorrent as anti-Semitism. To me, Andrei Sakharov’s isolation is as much of a disgrace as Josef Biegun’s imprisonment. As is the denial of Solidarity and its leader Lech Walesa’s right to dissent. And Nelson Mandela’s interminable imprisonment.

There is so much injustice and suffering crying out for our attention: victims of hunger, of racism, and political persecution, writers and poets, prisoners in so many lands governed by the Left and by the Right. Human rights are being violated on every continent.

Copyright 2016. Dow Jones & Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

#

00570709 Islamic State’s Global ReachThe would-be caliphate spreads among South Asia’s huge Muslim population.The Wall Street Journal. Online Edition. Saturday, May 6, y. -=-

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Bangladeshi policemen inspect the Holey Artisan Bakery in Dhaka's Gulshan area, Bangladesh on July 3. PHOTO: ASSOCIATED PRESS

Updated July 4, 2016 6:18 p.m. ET

418 COMMENTS

Not a month has passed since Islamic State killed 49 people at an Orlando, Fla., nightclub, and less than a week since it murdered 45 at the Istanbul airport, and now Islamic State is taking credit for two more massacres: On Friday in Bangladesh, at a cafe in Dhaka’s diplomatic quarter, and on Sunday in a public market in Baghdad.

As usual with Islamic State, the Dhaka attack was distinguished by savagery and propaganda. Seven terrorists stormed the cafe Friday night and demanded that patrons recite verses of the Quran. Those who failed—nine Italians, seven Japanese, two Indians and possibly one American—were tortured and hacked to pieces. The killers spent the night posting their atrocities on social media and lecturing Muslims on Western moral pollution. Six of the seven were killed when authorities stormed the cafe the next morning, and one was captured.

Police identified the attackers as Bangladeshis, mostly well-educated and from wealthy families. So much, once again, for the theory that poverty and hopelessness are the cause of terrorism. Islamic State is a religious and ideological movement of Muslim fanatics.

The attack also made nonsense of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina’s failure to acknowledge that international jihadists are recruiting and carrying out terrorist attacks in Bangladesh. As we noted last month (“Bangladesh and the Jihadists,” June 16), Ms. Hasina’s administration has sought to blame the murder of 40 secular activists, intellectuals and religious minorities over the past three years on Islamists connected to the opposition Bangladesh Nationalist Party.

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That has resulted in the arrest of thousands of BNP activists in security sweeps. But the government has mostly missed the rise of such local jihadist groups as Ansar al-Islam, also known as Ansarullah Bangla Team, which use social media to radicalize young, middle-class men and are believed to have links to terror groups abroad. Five of the attackers were already on a wanted list, meaning the government is at least beginning to look in the right places. Another 120 Islamists were arrested in a sweep last month.

Bangladesh has made significant economic strides by becoming a global hub for the garment industry. Killing foreigners who work for that industry—several of the Italians killed Friday were garment entrepreneurs—is no doubt part of Islamic State’s strategy of making the Muslim world a no-go zone for tourism and investment. South Asia is home to hundreds of millions of Muslims, which is all the more reason for Bangladeshi authorities to be clear-sighted about the nature of the expanding threat they face.

The Dhaka attack is also a reminder that Islamic State is spreading globally at a much faster rate than the U.S. is defeating it in its Syrian and Iraqi heartland. The Baghdad bombing on Sunday targeted a spot popular with families and young people, and the jihadists used flammable materials that spread fires, killing at least 151 and wounding 195.

The jihadist threat is global and growing, and it cannot be adequately fought, much less won, until an American President is honest about the danger.

Copyright 2016. Dow Jones & Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

#00570710 New York Police Investigate Mysterious Central Park BlastThe explosive substance, which seriously injured a man and claimed his foot, is undergoing forensic testingBy MARK MORALES andPERVAIZ SHALLWANIThe Wall Street Journal. Online Edition. Saturday, May 6, y. -=-

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NYPD investigators examine the area in Central Park on Sunday where a man’s foot was blown off by an explosion. PHOTO: ANDY KATZ/PACIFIC PRESS VIA ZUMA WIRE

Updated July 4, 2016 8:43 p.m. ET

11 COMMENTS

New York City police were combing buildings near Central Park for surveillance video on Monday, the day after an 18-year-old Virginia man was seriously injured when he stepped on a bag that contained explosive material.

Law-enforcement officials said Monday they didn’t know how the bag got into the park, and forensic tests were under way to identify what material remained in the bag.

Police officials have said they didn’t think the incident was related to terrorism.

The Federal Bureau of Investigation also is assisting the New York Police Department by trying to determine if a similar incident has taken place anywhere else in the U.S., one official said.

Lt. Mark Torre, commanding officer of the NYPD bomb squad, said the materials appeared to be homemade and that whoever made them wanted to leave it outdoors as part of an apparently benign test. “It was not placed there as part of an experiment to have somebody be hurt or to step on it or to touch it,” said Lt. Torre. “Absolutely not.”

Connor Golden, whose foot had to be amputated, was injured about 11 a.m. Sunday.

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Connor Golden being loaded into an ambulance Sunday after he was injured by an explosive in Central Park. PHOTO: REUTERS

He and two friends, Thomas Hinds andMatthew Stabile, were clambering over rocks in the park near Fifth Avenue and East 61st Street.

The three were scouting a location to slack line, which involves walking along a long rope suspended between two points.

At some point, Mr. Hinds came down off a large rock, followed by Mr. Stabile. Mr. Golden also descended, but as he reached the bottom, an explosion went off, police said.

Early reports had said a high-powered firework was the cause of the blast.

After the explosion, the NYPD closed off the area and sent in the bomb squad. No other devices were found, a law-enforcement official said Monday.

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Another official said Monday that the NYPD didn’t believe Mr. Golden and the other two men were involved in the production of the explosive material or that they were the intended targets.

The bag, which was located near the rocks and close to a footpath, had been sitting there for at least a day, officials said.

Officials said that, based on their preliminary investigation, the explosive materials weren’t meant to be detonated by being stepped on.

On Monday, with the park packed with people enjoying the holiday, the heavy police presence around the blast site had melted away. Many New Yorkers felt comfortable enough to walk through the park while others picnicked in the grass.

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Margaret Davidson, a 29-year-old visiting from Virginia, said she thought there would be more security the day after the explosion.

“We’re trying to keep our wits about us but still trying to enjoy the weekend,” said Ms. Davidson, who was visiting the park with her mother. “I trust the NYPD to be OK with it.”

Helbert Rico, 35, visiting from Colombia said he was in the park Sunday at the time of the explosion. “Right now I feel a little scared,” Mr. Rico said as he walked in the park on Monday.

—Zolan Kanno-Youngs contributed to this article.

Write to Pervaiz Shallwani at pervaiz.shallwani@wsj.com

Copyright 2016. Dow Jones & Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

|||00570711 How to Get the Best Care From the Hospital Nursing StaffA family’s rapport with the nursing staff can improve the care a patient receives; tips for cultivating the relationship that go beyond baking browniesBy LAURA LANDROThe Wall Street Journal. Online Edition. Saturday, May 6, y. -=-

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Kathleen Turner, a registered nurse in the intensive-care unit at the University of California, San Francisco Medical Center. PHOTO: SUSAN MERRELL/UCSF HEALTH

July 4, 2016 12:27 p.m. ET

27 COMMENTS

Flowers, candy and thank-you notes can be an effective way to cultivate a relationship—but do they work with nurses?

When Kathleen Turner got off a plane to visit her father in a Florida hospital, her first stop was an airport shop to buy candy for the nursing staff. In her own job, as a night-shift bedside nurse in the intensive-care unit at the University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, she knew the gesture might be appreciated.

But with her role reversal from nurse to visiting family member, Ms. Turner had a taste of what others go through when trying to navigate the relationship. “Even being savvy about how a hospital works, I felt pressure about not wanting to be a pest, and trying to figure out: How do I get my family member the kind of care I provide to my own patients?” she says.

With more families closely involved in medical care and free to visit 24/7 at many hospitals, the most important relationship—and sometimes the most intimidating one—is with the nursing staff.

Nurses, meanwhile, face pressures to communicate better with families, who often can seem pushy and demanding. In recent years, Medicare payments to hospitals have been tied in part to patient-satisfaction surveys that ask about how well nurses communicated, listened and showed courtesy and respect; ratings are posted on a public website, Hospital Compare.

“When things don’t go well between nurses and families, it’s often a breakdown in communication,” Ms. Turner says. Her advice to family members: “Even more important than candy is to ask questions when you don’t understand something, and ask how you can help with your loved one’s care.”

Ms. Turner teaches workshops to help nurses develop communication skills they often don’t learn in nursing school. She is co-author of a study, published last year in the American Journal of Critical Care, of 82 UCSF critical-care nurses who took the eight-hour workshops between March 2011 and April 2013. The percentage of nurses who reported feeling they had an excellent or very good level of skill in communicating with patients’ families was higher immediately after, and three months after, the workshop compared with before.

UCSF and the nonprofit VitalTalk, which develops communication-skills training for health-care professionals, are creating online programs based on the workshops for use by other hospitals, using a grant from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation.

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Jayne McCullough, a nurse in the intensive care unit at UCSF Medical Center and coordinator of the patient and family advisory council for inpatient adult services. PHOTO: SUSAN MERRELL/UCSF HEALTH

Hospitals also are turning to patient and family-advisory councils. Last year, Jayne McCullough, an ICU nurse and co-coordinator of a UCSF patient- and family-advisory council, helped lead a public panel discussion, “Communicating with Your Doctors and Nurses to Ensure the Best Care: Lessons From Those Who Have Been There.” At the session, a former patient and another patient’s family member shared tips from their experiences.

Nurses benefit when families are active participants in care, Ms. McCullough says. Family members should never feel too intimidated to question a nurse’s actions if they suspect an error or safety risk. She cites a case where a father noticed a nurse preparing what looked like a too-large dose of an anti-seizure medication for his child and asked the nurse to check it. It was well over the correct dosage.

“You have to speak up if you think something is wrong,” Ms. McCullough says. “I would take being embarrassed or corrected any day over actually harming someone.”

Ms. Turner teaches workshops to help nurses develop communication skills they often don’t learn in nursing school. She is co-author of a study, published last year in the American Journal of Critical Care, of 82 UCSF critical-care nurses who took the eight-hour workshops between March 2011 and April 2013. The percentage of nurses who reported feeling they had an excellent or very good level of skill in communicating with patients’ families was higher immediately after, and three months after, the workshop compared with before.

UCSF and the nonprofit VitalTalk, which develops communication-skills training for health-care professionals, are creating online programs based on the workshops for use by other hospitals, using a grant from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation.

ENLARGE

Jayne McCullough, a nurse in the intensive care unit at UCSF Medical Center and coordinator of the patient and family advisory council for inpatient adult services. PHOTO: SUSAN MERRELL/UCSF HEALTH

Hospitals also are turning to patient and family-advisory councils. Last year, Jayne McCullough, an ICU nurse and co-coordinator of a UCSF patient- and family-advisory council, helped lead a public panel discussion, “Communicating with Your Doctors and Nurses to Ensure the Best Care: Lessons From Those Who Have Been There.” At the session, a former patient and another patient’s family member shared tips from their experiences.

Nurses benefit when families are active participants in care, Ms. McCullough says. Family members should never feel too intimidated to question a nurse’s actions if they suspect an error or safety risk. She cites a case where a father noticed a nurse preparing what looked like a too-large dose of an anti-seizure medication for his child and asked the nurse to check it. It was well over the correct dosage.

“You have to speak up if you think something is wrong,” Ms. McCullough says. “I would take being embarrassed or corrected any day over actually harming someone.”

Copyright 2016. Dow Jones & Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

)))00570712 Why Good Storytellers Are Happier in Life and in LoveStudies find the way people tell their own stories has an outsize effect on their life satisfactionBy ELIZABETH BERNSTEINThe Wall Street Journal. Online Edition. Saturday, May 6, y. -=-

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Storytelling is one way couples bond when a relationship is young. But between long-term partners, the conversation often becomes mundane. Psychologists say it is important to keep telling and listening to each other’s stories. ILLUSTRATION: GARY HOVLAND FOR THE WALL STREET JOURNAL

Updated July 4, 2016 1:28 p.m. ET

24 COMMENTS

In William Shakespeare’s time, the word “conversation” meant two things—verbal discourse, and sex.

That’s how intimate the most well-known poet and playwright in the English language viewed the act of talking with another person.

Since the dawn of language, people have shared stories with others to entertain, persuade, make sense of what happened to them and bond. Research shows that the way people construct their individual stories has a large impact on their physical and mental health. People who frame their personal narratives in a positive way have more life satisfaction.

They also may be more attractive. New research, published this month in the journal Personal Relationships, shows that women find men who are good storytellers more appealing. The article consists of three studies in which male and female participants were shown a picture of someone of the opposite sex and given an indication of whether that person was a proficient storyteller. In the first study, 71 men and 84 women were told that the person whose picture they were looking at was either a “good,” “moderate” or “poor” storyteller. In the second study, 32 men and 50 women were given a short story supposedly written by the person in the picture; half the stories were concise and compelling, and half rambled and used dull language. In the third study, 60 men and 81 women were told whether the person in the picture was a good storyteller and were asked to rate their social status and ability to be a good leader in addition to their attractiveness.

The results were the same across all three studies: Women rated men who were good storytellers as more attractive and desirable as potential long-term partners. Psychologists believe this is because the man is showing that he knows how to connect, to share emotions and, possibly, to be vulnerable. He also is indicating that he is interesting and articulate and can gain resources and provide support.

“Storytelling is linked to the ability to be a good provider,” because a man is explaining what he can offer, says Melanie Green, an associate professor in the department of communication at the University at Buffalo and a researcher on the study. The men didn’t care whether the women were good storytellers, the research showed.

It feels wonderful to tell someone your stories when you are first becoming intimate. Think of the people you have been in love with in your life. I bet that at least once early in your relationship you stayed up all night talking, telling stories that were revealing and illuminating. That deep communication is sexy.

Stories are profoundly intimate, says Kari Winter, a historian and literary critic at the University at Buffalo. “It is empowering to the teller because they get recognition from the listener. And it is empowering to the listener because it helps them understand the teller.”

The problem is that once the heady early days of bonding are over, the conversation in a long-term relationship often turns mundane: Couples talk about jobs, schedules, the children. Is there any less inspiring question than “How was your day, honey?”

Psychologists say it’s important to keep telling each other stories. They help you remember why you were attracted to each other in the first place. In tough times, they help you make sense of what has happened. Many marriage therapists have couples in crisis each explain their side of events and then weave their stories into one cohesive narrative. “It’s a way to build and maintain a bond over shared history,” says Anna Osborn, a licensed marriage and family therapist in Sacramento, Calif.

How can you use storytelling to continue to bond in your relationship? Here are some tips.

Remember the basics. Every good story contains several core elements, Dr. Winter, of the University at Buffalo, says. The emotions and lessons of the story must be true, even if the story itself is a fantasy. (Think of the Harry Potter stories.) It must have a structure, including a beginning, middle and end. It needs a voice. And it has character development. If you are telling your own story, you need to reveal yourself.

Set aside story time. Find a time and a place where you aren’t rushed and there are no distractions. Then banish the humdrum. “Do not talk about household management issues. Do not talk about the kids,” says Ms. Osborn, the marriage therapist. Agree that this is time to tell stories of things that have happened that are meaningful to you. “Storytelling time should be an invitation to your partner to come into your world,” she says.

Start with your “firsts.” If you aren’t used to telling each other stories, it’s useful to have a few topics ready. Your first anything—date, kiss, dance, car, child, house—is a great place to start. The story of how you met can be particularly powerful and connecting, because it is, essentially, your origin story. And it’s always a happy memory. “Everything was pure then, nothing hurt yet,” Ms. Osborn says.

Tell stories of the past, present and future. Highlighting great memories or successes that you had together in the past helps you reconnect. Narrating recent events that have happened to you, or telling a story about a challenge you are facing, helps illuminate what matters to you. Weaving a story of a future event as you’d like it to happen—a vacation, a child’s wedding, the dance at your 60th anniversary party—can help you visualize what you want for your relationship.

Include your emotions. Show, don’t tell. (“She was wearing a red silk dress and my palms got sweaty.”) “Details can unlock the emotional truths that until now were never spoken out loud,” says Lauren Dowden, a social worker at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine’s Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s Disease Center, as well as a Second City alumna and teacher. She runs a storytelling group for couples where one partner has Alzheimer’s.

Conversely, good stories avoid certain things—cliché, digression, saying too much, not saying enough, lack of attention to the audience and preachiness

Practice. Storytelling is an art form, like playing the piano or creating a garden, says Dr. Winter, the literary critic. “You can start with something simple and it might be satisfying, but it might not be as good or as true as it can be.”

Dr. Winter suggests the three Rs: Reflect on the events. Refine what they meant to you. Read. “Learn from the masters,” she says.

Write to Elizabeth Bernstein at elizabeth.bernstein@wsj.com or follow her on Facebook,Twitter or Instagram at EBernsteinWSJ.

Copyright 2016. Dow Jones & Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

#00570713 Benjamin Netanyahu Traces Path to Power Back to Entebbe, and Lost BrotherBy JEFFREY GETTLEMAN and ISABEL KERSHNER JULY 4, 2016The New York Times. Online Edition. Saturday, May 6, y. -=-

JERUSALEM — Whenever he is facing a critical decision, whether for his country’s military or his own personal life, there is one person Prime MinisterBenjamin Netanyahu of Israel says he routinely consults: his dead brother.

In a rare and unusually reflective interview, Mr. Netanyahu said he frequently held “hypothetical” conversations with Yonatan, a legendary figure in Israel who was cut down in his prime exactly 40 years ago as a young commando leading a daring hostage rescue in Entebbe, Uganda.

“Often I have to dispatch people to places where if there’s a failure, they won’t come back,” Mr. Netanyahu said in the interview on Friday in his Jerusalem office. “It’s in times like these that I consult with my brother — and they’re a lot more frequent than you might think.”

The prime minister set off early Monday on the same route as his older brother on the fateful day, flying across the Red Sea, which was like a shimmering pan, and into the heart of Africa to commemorate the Entebbe raid, and to push Israel’s interests on a continent that is ripe for investment and that Israel sees as a much-needed ally in an increasingly hostile world.

“Israel is coming back to Africa, and Africa is coming back to Israel,” he said at a ceremony at the Entebbe airport, whose old control tower still bears bullet holes.

He spoke of his brother, gesturing over his left shoulder to the spot where his brother was killed.

“There are few like him in history,” Mr. Netanyahu said. “Entebbe is always with me. It is deep in my heart.”

He laid down a wreath and slowly turned away. This time, it was not Ugandan soldiers up in the control tower firing down at Israeli commandos, but instead Israeli snipers wearing ski masks and sunglasses, scanning the crowds from behind several large guns.

Mr. Netanyahu made this pilgrimage during something of an Entebbe renaissance. A book of testimonies by his brother’s fellow commandos in the operation, which was renamed posthumously in Yonatan’s honor, just came out in Hebrew; a new historical exhibit is up in Tel Aviv; and a leading Israeli newspaper has been running serialized articles. There has also been a blast of public commentary, some of it sharply questioning the lionization of Yoni, as he is better known.

Photo

Mr. Netanyahu during a flight to Uganda on Monday. He said he frequently had “hypothetical” conversations with his brother, who was killed on July 4, 1976. Credit Uriel Sinai for The New York Times

The unusual partnership of the two brothers — one dead, one alive — has deeply changed this young country.

Benjamin Netanyahu, known as Bibi, is on track to be Israel’s longest-serving leader, and he traces his path to power directly back to his brother’s death. At the same time, the legend of Yoni Netanyahu — warrior, poet, inspirer, killer — has been shrewdly cultivated by his powerful family.

Israel has lost many soldiers in battle. Few have had as many streets, schools and parks named after them. Yoni and Bibi. Bibi and Yoni. For years, these paired nicknames have been hard to escape.

Mr. Netanyahu, 66, is calculating and gruff; he picks his words slowly and carefully, his deep voice coming across almost like a grumble. But when he spoke about his older brother, he seemed to drop his guard, at least a little.

“He had the soul of a poet,” the prime minister began. “He was a great writer, a great thinker, but he was also a man of action; he was a commander in battle unsurpassed, unmatched; he had the capacities of thought and action, rumination and purpose …” His voice trailed off. “He had a great soul.”

Looking back on Yoni Netanyahu is like looking back on any hero. It is hard to get a sense of what is real and what is myth.

He was the family star: a brilliant soccer player, a student council president, on the dean’s list at Harvard. By 1976, he was the commander of the Israel Defense Forces’ Sayeret Matkal, an elite, highly secretive unit of commandos specializing in what military analysts call “close work.”

On June 27 of that year, Palestinian and German terrorists hijacked an Air France flight from Tel Aviv to Paris with more than 200 passengers. It was an era of hijackings: Benjamin Netanyahu, also in Sayeret Matkal, had been wounded during the freeing of a hijacked plane in Israel in 1972.

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Israeli soldiers formed an honor guard during the ceremony. Credit Uriel Sinai for The New York Times

But the terrorists had learned from that one. This time they had the jet flown farther away than they thought the Israelis could ever reach, to the main airport in Entebbe, Uganda, which was in the grip of one of the most destructive and cartoonish characters to ever rule in Africa, Idi Amin.

Amin, who called himself the uncrowned king of Scotland and the “Lord of All the Beasts of the Earth and Fishes of the Seas,” had recently thrown in his lot with the Arab world, and he dispatched his soldiers to surround the hostages at the Entebbe airport.

The Israelis, at first, were inclined to meet the terrorists’ demands and free dozens of prisoners. It seemed impossible to stage a rescue.

Uganda was more than 2,000 miles away. Few of Israel’s planes had that range, and if anything went wrong, there was no backup. This was before cellphones and satellite images became ubiquitous: The Israelis did not even know how many Ugandan soldiers were guarding the airport or exactly where the hostages were being housed.

“The distance was long, time was short, and the situation was blind,” recalledShimon Peres, 92, who was Israel’s defense minister at the time and went on to be prime minister and president.

It was when the terrorists began separating the Jews from the non-Jews, readying them for execution, that things changed. Mr. Peres, who lost members of his family in the Holocaust, remembered saying: “What? Again? Now that we have an independent Israel? No way.”

Within a few days, a long-shot plan began to take shape, and a key figure in forming it, former soldiers and officials said in recent interviews, was Yoni Netanyahu.

The idea was to land a cargo plane at night with a car inside, and have the commandos simply drive up to the airport as if they were Amin and his entourage returning from an overseas trip.

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Mr. Netanyahu and President Yoweri Museveni of Uganda during the ceremony on Monday. Credit Uriel Sinai for The New York Times

The plan almost worked. The Israelis landed without incident.

But as they were cruising up to the terminal in a black Mercedes-Benz doctored to look like Amin’s car, a Ugandan sentry stepped out from the darkness. Yoni shot at him, sparking gunfire that blew the Israelis’ cover.

When the hostages inside the airport heard all the shooting, “we were sure that was it,” recalled Sara Guter Davidson, who had been traveling to Paris with her family. “I just waited for my bullet, trying to cover my son.”

But in the smoke, fire and noise, miraculously, the hostages heard Hebrew.

“We couldn’t believe it,” Ms. Davidson said. “We could never even dream our army could get there.”

The Israelis rushed in, shot all the terrorists, and spirited out more than 100 people who were being held at the airport. Three hostages were killed in the crossfire, and one person lay slumped outside: Yoni, who had been shot in the chest.

There is still debate over who fired the bullet. A German? A Palestinian? A Ugandan soldier?

Back then, Israeli commandos did not wear body armor; it was too bulky, slowed them down. As Mr. Netanyahu’s other brother, Iddo, a doctor and a writer, said, in operations like these the difference between success and failure “hinges on a few seconds.”

Yoni Netanyahu, 30, died from internal bleeding shortly before the Israeli planes took off, capping one of the most dramatic rescues ever attempted and changing the world, in a way.

Israel, which had been wallowing in the shadow of the Yom Kippur   War  in 1973, got a huge morale boost; Jews around the world were proud.

Hijackings waned.

Amin’s downfall was hastened.

“Amin’s soldiers were furious,” said Ibrahim Mukiibi, who worked for Uganda’s foreign service at the time. “They were harassing everybody, out of anger, because they had been humiliated.”

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“Entebbe is always with me,” Mr. Netanyahu said. “It is deep in my heart.” Credit Uriel Sinai for The New York Times

After that, Amin began acting “more ferociously,” Mr. Mukiibi said. Soon most of the population had turned against him.

Yoni Netanyahu, the only Israeli soldier killed at Entebbe, became an icon in Israel and across the Jewish diaspora. Two movies about the raid came out in the next year, and a book of Yoni’s letters was eventually published, showing his intense patriotism and sensitivity. He had killed many people in battle and did not necessarily feel good about it, writing: “It adds a whole dimension of sadness to a man’s being.”

Benjamin Netanyahu said in the interview that Yoni’s death marked the birth of his political life. He organized conferences on terrorism, arguing that it was a new form of proxy warfare, in this case a way for Arab countries that had suffered military defeats to strike back at Israel.

Israel’s incoming ambassador to Washington was impressed. He asked Mr. Netanyahu if he wanted to serve as the embassy’s No. 2. That is how he began climbing what he called the “staircase” of Israeli politics.

Forty years later, the debate still rages: Should Yoni have fired at the sentry? Has his heroism been

exaggerated?

“The Netanyahu family won the Israel branding championship and minimized the role of every other officer,” read a column published last year in the Israeli newspaper Haaretz.

The prime minister seems to have steeled himself to such critiques, which resurface every year around the July 4 anniversary of Entebbe.

“The facts speak for themselves,” he said curtly.

When asked what he would have done had he been the prime minister at the time, facing spotty intelligence, the lives of 100 innocents on the line and long odds, Mr. Netanyahu looked around the room and paused for a few moments.

A military helicopter’s rotor blades beat outside. Bright Jerusalem sunshine flooded through the windows.

“Wow, I can’t tell you what I would have done,” he said. But, he continued, “I can tell you, without getting into details, what I have done, and the fact is, we’ve taken great risks, but you don’t necessarily know about them.”

As he said, whenever he has doubts about which way to go, he has a sounding board who is always available: Yoni.

Follow Jeffrey Gettleman on Twitter @gettleman.Follow Isabel Kershner on Twitter @IKershner.

Josh Kron contributed reporting from Kampala, Uganda.

Copyright 2016. The New York Times Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

#00570714 After Attacks, Lebanese Christian Town Casts Wary Eye on Syrian RefugeesBy BEN HUBBARD and HWAIDA SAAD JULY 4, 2016The New York Times. Online Edition. Saturday, May 6, y. -=-

AL QAA, Lebanon — The mourners packed the vast hall behind the Mar Elias Church and crowded around five white coffins, some clutching flowers or photographs of the dead. A marching band struck up a dirge, and relatives of the deceased raised their arms, wailing and swaying with the rhythm.

Outside, armored vehicles rumbled through the streets, and soldiers, police officers and militiamen stood on rooftops and guarded intersections, seeking on Wednesday to prevent further catastrophe from striking this ordinarily sleepy, predominantly Christian town.

Two days earlier, two waves of suicide bombers — four who carried out nearly simultaneous attacks in the morning and four who attacked in close succession in the evening — had blown themselves up here, killing five men and wounding dozens.

The attacks were a new, terrifying spillover from the civil war in neighboring Syria, and they fractured the tenuous coexistence that had developed in Al Qaa and beyond between Lebanese residents and the Syrians who have flooded their towns seeking refuge from the violence at home.

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Lebanese Christians mourned loved ones killed in a suicide attack in Al Qaa last week. Credit Diego Ibarra Sanchez for The New York Times

In many ways, the questions in Al Qaa echo those that followed attacks inOrlando, Fla.; Paris; and Istanbul: How can a community protect itself from a lone assailant or a small team of attackers with guns or bombs? And local leaders are struggling with the same issue facing Europe as it deals with its own influx of migrants: How to balance the desire to help with fears that the newcomers could harbor a threat?

“It is not easy for people, when their sons have died or are in critical condition, to differentiate between terrorists and refugees,” the Rev. Elian Nasrallah, the Roman Catholic priest who oversees Al Qaa’s churches, said during an interview in his home. He had coordinated aid for refugees and would help lead the funeral for the town’s dead.

The scale of the refugee crisis in Lebanon would make Western leaders cringe. The country has added 1.5 million Syrians to a population of only 4.5 million, giving Lebanon the world’s highest refugee count per capita.

Much of that burden has fallen on towns like Al Qaa in the Bekaa Valley, where low rents, proximity to Syria and an abundance of agricultural jobs have encouraged so many Syrians to settle that they now outnumber locals in many towns, straining municipal services.

Al Qaa, which means “the bottom” in Arabic, sits in the valley’s northeast corner, at the foot of barren hills a few miles from the Syrian border. Its native population has dwindled to about 3,000 in recent decades, and there is little work for those who remain. Many of the town’s men serve in the Lebanese Army, returning home to tend apple orchards and olive groves after retirement. Other than the soldiers’ salaries, the central government provides little.

Tripol

Al Qa

Mediterranea

LEBANO

Beiru

Damascu

SYRI

GOLA

HEIGHT

ISRAE

25 Mile

JULY 4, 201

By The New York Time

“I’d need to think a lot to come up with something,” said Elian Nader, a member of the town council, when asked what Al Qaa got from the state

The town’s residents are nearly all Christians, and standing amid red flowers in the central roundabout is a towering statue of Mar Elias, or St. Elijah, holding a long, curved sword

But relations with nearby Muslims are good. During the interview, Father Nasrallah quoted Moussa al-Sadr a prominent Lebanese Shiite cleric. And during the funeral, another Shiite cleric in a white turban spoke from the pulpit, quoting the Quran and the Bible and lauding the dead as “martyrs for all of Lebanon.

More than 20,000 Syrians have settled in the area around Al Qaa, according to local officials. Some rented empty apartments or farmhouses and took jobs as day laborers, while local and church officials helped the least fortunate secure basic services

But the Syrians’ overwhelming numbers have made many nervous

“We welcomed them and helped them, thinking that it was a short-term crisis,” said Mr. Nader of the town council. But as the war dragged on, destroying Syrian towns, many began to worry that the Syrians would never go home, he said, or that the extremism spreading in Syria would erupt in Lebanon

Photo

Lebanese Christians at a funeral in Al Qaa last week. Recent suicide attacks fractured the tenuous coexistence that had developed in the village and beyond between Lebanese residents and the Syrians who have flooded their towns seeking refuge. Credit Diego Ibarra Sanchez for The New York Times

Then, on the morning of June 27, a father and son from the town’s only Muslim family were eating the pre-dawn meal in preparation for the Ramadan fast when they spotted a stranger in their garden. When they confronted him, he blew himself up, wounding them both.

The blast was so loud that some residents thought they were being bombed from the air. When neighbors and the town’s ambulance rushed to the site, another attacker targeted them, also blowing himself up. Then another, and another.

Soon, the ambulance was smashed, five residents were dead, and others were on their way to the hospital.

That evening, residents were outside the church preparing for the funerals of the five killed in the morning when they saw a stranger approaching. One of the residents shot him, and he blew up. Other attacks followed near the church, a security office and an army vehicle, wounding dozens.

The attacks baffled the town’s residents, as they have played no role in the Syrian crisis. The Islamic State and the Syrian branch of Al Qaeda both have a presence across the border in Syria and regularly carry out

suicide bombings. No group has claimed responsibility.

Photo

Armored vehicles patrolling Al Qaa, an ordinarily sleepy, predominantly Christian town. Credit Diego Ibarra Sanchez for The New York Times

But the blasts inflamed tempers in a country drowning in refugees. Some politicians have gone on television to call for the refugees to be sent home or to be detained in camps. The anger in Al Qaa, too, has focused on the Syrians.

“Now, people won’t accept that the situation continues like this,” Mr. Nader said. “I welcomed you, and you hit the hand that I extended.”

The price for some refugees in Al Qaa was swift. Residents told them that they had 72 hours to get out, and no Syrians appeared on the streets on Wednesday. A group of shacks where refugees had lived on the edge of town stood empty, the locks on their doors broken and chickens left behind pecking at the dust.

The morning blasts had woken up the Juma family, who had fled Syria for Lebanon three years earlier and rented a simple two-room farmhouse in Al Qaa, where the parents lived with their four children. Once they

learned there had been an attack, they expected the worst.

“As soon as I heard that the explosions were here, I said, ‘It’s over,’” Fariha Juma, the mother, said.

Photo

Abdul-Moti, who is Syrian, at his house in Al Qaa. A group of local men detained and hit him after the wave of attacks. Credit Diego Ibarra Sanchez for The New York Times

A day later, a group of local men looking for a suspicious person detained a group of Syrians including her husband, Abdul-Moti. They pulled the refugees’ shirts over their heads, bound their hands and beat their heads and chests.

“For sure, there is a broken bone,” Mr. Juma said, wincing with one hand on his ribs and a bright red abrasion on his cheek.

A Syrian family next door had already packed its belongings but had nowhere to go. None of the members of the family had legal residency in Lebanon, meaning they could be detained if they tried to cross security checkpoints.

Their landlord, Tony Matar, said he understood the anger of his fellow townspeople. His son was wounded in the attacks and was still in the hospital. Even so, he said it could be disastrous if they turned on the refugees.

“There are those who benefited the village and those who hurt it,” Mr. Matar said. “The problem now is that people talk as if all the Syrians are responsible.”

Follow Ben Hubbard @NYTBen and Hwaida Saad @hwaida_saad on Twitter.

Copyright 2016. The New York Times Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

#00570715 ISIS Bombing in Baghdad Casts Doubt on Iraqi Leader’s Ability to UniteBy FALIH HASSAN and TIM ARANGOJULY 4, 2016The New York Times. Online Edition. Saturday, May 6, y. -=-

BAGHDAD — As grief-stricken Iraqis held a candlelight vigil Sunday night at the site of a car bombing that killed more than 150 people, workers often using the flashlights from their cellphones were still pulling bodies from the rubble.

As Sunday gave way to Monday morning, with bodies still buried, some began expressing their grief through politics, waving banners listing the dead and demanding that officials, including Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi, resign.

The attack in a shopping area in the Karada neighborhood was the deadliest in Baghdad in many years, and after the final death toll is known it could become the deadliest ever.

As bloody as it was, the bombing in Baghdad was but the worst of a wave of global terrorism in recent days attributed to militants aligned with the Islamic State. Seemingly unconnected to any political purpose and intended to kill indiscriminately, be it by gunfire, explosions or, in the case of a restaurant in Bangladesh, an arsenal including swords, the violence has cut across religions, national identities, ages and professions.

The violence touched people from all parts of the globe. More than 40 werekilled   at Istanbul’s   main airport last week — Saudis, Iraqis and citizens of Iran, China, Tunisia and Ukraine, though most were Turkish. Among the dead were taxi drivers, an interpreter helping tourists, a customs officer and an airport worker who was looking forward to his wedding, which would have been at the end of this week.

In Bangladesh, young men, many of them from privileged backgrounds, used guns, bombs, knives and swords in an assault on foreigners at a popular restaurant on a Friday night. They killed 22 people, many in gruesome fashion. The dead included nine Italians, one of whom was pregnant; seven urban planners from Japan; a Bangladeshi woman who worked for art galleries; a 19-year-old Indian woman attending the University of California, Berkeley; two other college students; and two police officers.

In Iraq, the victims were all Iraqis. Desperate to respond to the public’s grief and anger, Mr. Abadi tried to assuage Iraqis’ desire for revenge by promising to speed the executions of Islamic State militants on death row. Later in the day, the Justice Ministry announced that five convicted terrorists had been executed, and images of their hangings were shown on state television.

Mr. Abadi also announced a series of new security measures, most prominently an order that the Iraqi police and soldiers stop using bomb detectors that long ago were determined to be fakes. The wandlike deviceshave been used for years at Baghdad’s checkpoints and have been derided by a public angered by the government’s inability to protect its citizens. In 2013, a British man was convicted of fraud and sentenced to 10 years in prison for selling millions of dollars’ worth of the fake devices to the Iraqi government.

Nevertheless, on Monday morning the police were still using the devices at checkpoints across Baghdad, underscoring how little ever changes, even though Iraq has been consumed by violence for more than a

decade. Just this year, through June, nearly 5,000 Iraqi civilians and security force members had been killed by militant attacks and conflict, according to the United Nations.

Protests have been fairly muted so far, with grief for the dead still the overwhelming emotion for Iraqis. That is affording a bit of breathing space for Mr. Abadi, a Shiite who became prime minister in 2014 with the backing of American officials who believed he could reunite the country in the face of an onslaught by the Sunni extremists of the Islamic State.

Still, analysts say, the bombing presents a political challenge. “This sort of violence can destroy the legitimacy of a leader,” said Maria Fantappie, the Iraq analyst for the International Crisis Group.

With faith in his ability to unite the country and protect its citizens shaken, Mr. Abadi is likely to face further calls for his ouster, analysts said. They would also not rule out the possible return of street protesters, who twice this year stormed the fortified Green Zone, the secure area that houses government buildings, and ransacked Parliament.

“I think it will be a bad summer,” Ms. Fantappie said of the prospect of further protests.

Mr. Abadi has long struggled to secure his power in the face of opposition from other Shiite leaders, including former Prime Minister Nuri Kamal al-Maliki. Mr. Maliki was pushed out in 2014, partly because Washington believed that he had pursued sectarian policies that alienated the Sunni minority and led to the rise of the Islamic State.

Ever since, Mr. Maliki has sought to undermine Mr. Abadi, and in an interview with the BBC just before the bombing, he said he would happily become prime minister again if “the country needs me.”

Hakim al-Zamili, a Shiite lawmaker who is the head of Parliament’s Security and Defense Committee, promised an investigation of the bombing and called for the resignations of the officials responsible for securing Baghdad.

The bombing, claimed by the Islamic State, took the glow off Iraq’s recentrecapture of Falluja from the militant group, a victory that had given Mr. Abadi a substantial political lift. It also undercut his assertion that the taking of Falluja was vital because it served as a haven near Baghdad for the assembly of car bombs.

After the victory in Falluja, optimistic Iraqi officials talked excitedly about marching on Mosul, Iraq’s second-largest city, which fell to the Islamic State in 2014. But after this latest attack, that operation could be delayed, fulfilling another Islamic State goal. Each time the militant group has lost territory, it has launched attacks in Baghdad, forcing Iraqi officials to concern themselves with security in the capital.

The death toll continued to rise on Monday from the attack, which occurred as Iraqis were out enjoying one of the last evenings of the holy month ofRamadan. They had filled the cafes and shops of the area’s malls, buying food and new clothes for Eid al-Fitr, the post-Ramadan celebration, and some were watching Italy and Germany play in the European championship soccer tournament.

Officials said Monday afternoon that 155 had been killed and that at least 192 had been wounded. Dozens of people were still unaccounted for, and many of the bodies were burned beyond recognition.

In its statement claiming responsibility, the Islamic State said it had targeted Shiites. But Karada is a reflection of Baghdad at its multicultural best, with Shiite and Sunni mosques and a smattering of churches. Iraqis of all identities were among the victims.

Hundreds of people gathered at Baghdad’s morgue on Monday to try to identify bodies. A morgue worker, Samar Ali, said officials were taking DNA samples from people with missing relatives, in the hope of identifying otherwise unrecognizable bodies, which she said would take at least 16 days.

“The suffering of the families will last for weeks until we are able to identify them,” she said.

Iraqis on Monday turned to social media to mourn those they had lost, sharing pictures of loved ones and stories about them. There were many children among the dead, and many young men who were out on the town.

Once again, Iraq said goodbye to some of its best and brightest.

One of those was Ahmad Dhia, who had two young children and was working to advance Iraq’s agricultural industry, writing research papers on how to improve crop production and working with ministries. His friends and family called his phone for hours on Sunday before his body was finally pulled from the rubble late in the evening.

Another was Adel Euro, who had founded a dance academy in Baghdad and was involved in protests last summer demanding the government tackle corruption. He was also affiliated with a New York-based dance company called Battery Dance, which mentored him online and worked with him last year in Amman, Jordan.

In honoring him on its Facebook page, Battery Dance used the words that Mr. Euro once wrote alongside a photograph of himself: “Sometimes in life, we need a few bad days in order to keep the good ones in perspective.”

Falih Hassan reported from Baghdad, and Tim Arango from Beirut, Lebanon. Omar Al-Jawoshy contributed reporting from Baghdad.

Copyright 2016. The New York Times Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

#00570716 Suicide Bombings Hit 3 Cities in Saudi Arabia, One Near a Holy SiteBy BEN HUBBARDJULY 4, 2016The New York Times. Online Edition. Saturday, May 6, y. -=-

BEIRUT, Lebanon — Bombings rocked three cities across Saudi Arabia on Monday, including near the Prophet’s Mosque in the holy city of Medina, raising the specter of increasingly coordinated attacks by militants seeking to destabilize the monarchy.

A suicide bomber struck near the United States Consulate in the coastal city of Jidda in the morning, wounding two security officers. Then, near dusk, when Muslims were ending their daily Ramadan fasts, other blasts struck near a Shiite mosque in the country’s east and at a security post in Medina, killing four guards, according to the Saudi-owned Al Arabiya television network.

The blasts in Saudi Arabia followed a bloody week in which terrorist attacks caused mass casualties in the largest cities of three predominantly Muslim countries: Turkey, Bangladesh and Iraq.

The Islamic State, also known as ISIS or ISIL, has claimed responsibility for the attacks in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and in Baghdad, and it is suspected of carrying out the one in Istanbul.

Photo

Police officers stood guard near the United States Consulate in Jidda, Saudi Arabia, after a suicide bomber detonated explosives Monday morning. Credit Agence France-Presse — Getty Images

No one immediately claimed responsibility for the Saudi bombings, although Islamic State extremists have attacked the kingdom repeatedly in recent years, mostly targeting the Shiite minority and state security personnel.

The attacks occurred amid fears that extremists had planned further violenceduring the Muslim holy month of Ramadan and for the holiday that celebrates its conclusion this week, Eid al-Fitr.

The Medina attack struck the security office of the mosque where the Prophet Muhammad is said to be buried, an important stop for millions of pilgrims who visit the holy cities each year. Four security officers died in the attack, Al Arabiya said, in addition to a suicide bomber.

The other evening attack was near a Shiite mosque in the eastern region of Qatif and killed no one but the bomber, according to witnesses quoted by the Reuters news agency.

The Jidda attack took place when security officers confronted a man acting suspiciously near the United States Consulate. He detonated his explosives, killing himself and wounding two guards, according to the state-run Saudi Press Agency.

KUWAIT

Qatif

Medina

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Jidda

SAUDI ARABIA

SUDAN

YEMEN

Arabian Sea

ERITREA

ETHIOPIA

400 Miles

Gulf of Aden

JULY 4, 2016

By The New York Times

The United States Embassy in Riyadh, the capital, said in a statement that none of its consular staff members in Jidda had been wounded, and it warned American citizens to limit nonessential travel to the kingdom and to remain cautious inside it.

An attack by Al Qaeda on the consulate in 2004 left five staff members and four gunmen dead.

In neighboring Kuwait, officials announced the arrest of four people accused of plotting two attacks in the country and said they had repatriated a Kuwaiti family who had joined the Islamic State in Syria, according to   the state-run KUNA news agency .

One of the suspects is a young Kuwaiti man who had pledged allegiance to the Islamic State and was planning to bomb a mosque during Eid al-Fitr, the report said. The man said after his arrest that he had received instructions from an Islamic State operative abroad, the agency reported, to send a young recruit with no security record to obtain explosives and guns for the attack.

Two Kuwaitis and a man from an unspecified Asian country were arrested in the second plot and had two assault rifles, ammunition and the black flag of the Islamic State, the report said.

Kuwait also said it had arrested and repatriated a Kuwaiti man who had joined the Islamic State in Syria, as well as his mother and son. The man had studied petroleum engineering in Britain and had moved to Syria to work in oil production for the Islamic State after his older brother was killed while fighting for the group in Iraq, the report said.

Kuwait is predominantly Sunni, but Sunnis and Shiites live together with few sectarian tensions.

An Islamic State suicide attack on a Shiite mosque in Kuwait City killed 27 a year ago. The bomber was a Saudi citizen.

Follow Ben Hubbard on Twitter @NYTBen.

Copyright 2016. The New York Times Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

#00570717 Emirates Warn Against Traditional Clothing Abroad After Man Is Mistaken for Terrorist in OhioBy YONETTE JOSEPH JULY 3, 2016The New York Times. Online Edition. Saturday, May 6, y. -=-

The United Arab Emirates warned its citizens on Sunday to avoid wearing traditional clothing when traveling abroad, apparently in response to an episode in Ohio last week in which a businessman from Abu Dhabi, dressed in robes and a head scarf, was confronted by the police at gunpoint because a hotel clerk thought he might be a terrorist.

The businessman was identified as Ahmed al-Menhali, 41, by the Cleveland chapter of the Council on American-Islamic Relations. Relatives of a front desk clerk at the Fairfield Inn and Suites in Avon, Ohio, called 911 on Wednesday to report that the clerk had panicked after seeing a man in robes and “full head dress” in the hotel lobby, speaking on a phone and “pledging his allegiance or something to ISIS.”

Officers rushed Mr. Menhali outside the hotel with guns drawn, pinned him to the ground, handcuffed him, searched his clothes and wallet, and took off his shoes to check his feet. Police body-camera video of the encounter shows Mr. Menhali, who appeared to speak limited English, saying: “What is this?” “I’m tourist,” and “Not good,” while he was on the ground.

The Avon Police Department released audio and video of the episode to the news media, and the recordings were uploaded to YouTube.

About 10 minutes into the encounter, as the likelihood of any arrest appeared to dissipate and Mr. Menhali was allowed to stand up, he collapsed on the pavement. An ambulance took him to St. John’s Medical Center, the police said; local news reports said he had been treated for minor injuries and released.

The warning from the Emirates government coincided with heightened security alerts in cities around the world after deadly terrorist attacks in Iraq, Bangladeshand Turkey further raised fears about the global reach of terrorism.

The Ohio episode, however, raised questions about the intense police response to a report of a man in Middle Eastern dress standing in a hotel lobby, speaking on a cellphone. The Avon Police Department said in a statement that no weapon was found on Mr. Menhali.

The police said after officers interviewed the hotel clerk, they concluded there had been a “clear miscommunication” with her relatives, and that Mr. Menhali had not made “any statements related to ISIS.” The police said the episode was being investigated, and the findings would be forwarded to the prosecutor’s office for review.

Julia A. Shearson, the executive director of the Cleveland chapter of the Council on American-Islamic Relations, said in an interview Sunday: “It is shocking this happened. The bottom line is we understand the American people are on edge, and there’s definitely violence in the world, but we’ve come to this brute level of giving in to our fears.”

Ms. Shearson also told The Independent that the way the police referred to Mr. Menhali’s clothing in their report — “as a criminal indicator” — was “very concerning.”

In a statement Monday, Marriott International, which owns the Fairfield Inn and Suites, said that it “deeply regret” what happened to Mr. Menhali. The company said it planned to discuss with the hotel “diversity and inclusion training designed to help prevent this type of situation.”

Avon officials apologized to Mr. Menhali Saturday night at the council’s Cleveland office. The mayor, Bryan K. Jensen, told Mr. Menhali, “There were some false accusations made against you, and those are regrettable.” The chief of the Avon police, Richard Bosley, said, “You should not have been put in that situation like you were.”

“Guns were drawn,” the mayor said. “When you make a false accusation, you put that person’s life in danger.” Mr. Menhali, he added, “was 100 percent innocent.”

Mr. Jensen said he had no problem issuing the apology because he was reminded of being teased as a child because his father, Niels, who immigrated from Denmark, spoke little English. But his father worked hard, he said — just like the 20 to 30 Arabic families who live in Avon, which is about 20 miles west of Cleveland with a population of about 21,000.

“I think it’s important to the Muslim community and the rest of the world to know that we care and it’s not something that we take lightly,” he said.

Mr. Menhali, speaking through an interpreter by phone Sunday, said that the apology from city officials was a “good first step,” but that he still had questions about why something like this could happen.

He said he was in Ohio because he was visiting the Cleveland Clinic for a medical procedure. He had been looking for a hotel room because the owner of the apartment where he was staying in Cleveland wanted to rent it out for the Republican National Convention.

Mr. Menhali said he had ended up in Avon because hotel rooms in the city area were scarce. At first, when the police approached outside the hotel, he thought it was a training exercise. Then he became afraid, he said. Since the encounter, he said, he has been having bad dreams.

The travel warning issued by the Emirates’ Ministry of Foreign Affairs told citizens to avoid wearing the national dress during their travel, especially in public areas, to ensure their safety. On its website, the ministry also told residents to abide by the dress codes of nations they visited, and to take note of the ban on wearing face-covering veils in countries like France and Belgium.

The ministry’s messages did not mention the episode in Ohio specifically. But Ibrahim Hooper, a national spokesman for the Council on American-Islamic Relations, said on Sunday, “As far as I know, it came out as a result of this incident.”

The ministry said on its website that it had summoned Ethan Goldrich, the deputy chief of mission at the United States Embassy, over the “ill treatment” of Mr. Menhali.

According to the police audio and video, the hotel clerk sent text messages to her sister saying she had seen a “suspicious male” in the lobby with “multiple disposable phones” and was feeling panicky about it. The sister then called the police. The clerk’s father apparently also phoned the police, saying she was “terrified” and had locked herself in a bathroom.

Police videos showed officers arriving at the hotel, drawing and cocking rifles. One officer could be heard saying, “There he is!” Another officer shouted, “Get on the ground!” A man in a white robe could be seen kneeling on the pavement in front of the hotel. Officers performed a full-body search and went through his wallet, allowing paper to blow away in the wind.

When Mr. Menhali complained about a possibly broken phone, an officer can be heard saying: “Yeah? Well you’ve broken my nail.” But an officer searched for and retrieved one of Mr. Menhali’s cellphones, which had been tossed into the bushes.

Mayor Jensen said of the police’s treatment of Mr. Menhali, “I think there were things we can probably learn from this.”

Asked if there would be repercussions for the false accusations against Mr. Menhali, the mayor said: “Something will come out of this. I don’t think it’ll be just a warning.”

Copyright 2016. The New York Times Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

#00570718 EgyptAir Voice Recorder Indicates Attempt to Put Out Fire Before CrashBy REUTERS JULY 5, 2016, 11:24 A.M. E.D.T.The New York Times. Online Edition. Saturday, May 6, y. -=-

CAIRO — Audio from the flight deck voice recorder of EgyptAir MS804 indicates an attempt to put out a fire on board the jet before it crashed into the Mediterranean, sources on the investigation committee said on Tuesday.

The Airbus A320 plunged into the eastern Mediterranean en route from Paris to Cairo on May 19. All 66 people on board were killed. The cause of the crash remains unknown.

Earlier analysis of the plane's flight data recorder showed there had been smoke in the lavatory and

avionics bay while recovered wreckage from the jet's front section showed signs of high temperature damage and soot.

The flight deck recorder, taken to Cairo this week after being repaired at laboratories belonging to France's BEA aircraft accident agency, further indicate that a fire took hold of the plane in its final moments, the sources said.

The recordings usually capture pilot conversations and any cockpit alarms, as well as clues such as engine noise.

Investigators are to conduct further analysis on the voices contained in the recordings and have not yet ruled out any possibilities as to what caused the crash, the sources said.

(Reporting by Eric Knecht; Editing by Janet Lawrence)

Copyright 2016. The New York Times Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved.