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The EnlightenmentWhat do you think the word Enlightenment means? Hint: Look at the root of the word- Enlightenment.
What does it mean to shed light on an idea?
What does it mean to enlighten someone?
_________________________ was a European movement when thinkers attempted to apply reason to all parts of society.
New Ideas about __________________
“A government’s power comes from the ________________ of the governed.”
What does consent mean?
New Ideas about the ___________________________________________
“The monarch exists to ____________ the state and ______________ the welfare of citizens.”
What did philosophers of the Enlightenment believe in?
1. __________________: Truth can be discovered through reason or logical thinking.
2. __________________: Nature is logical.
3. __________________: Happiness can be found on earth, not only in heaven.
4. __________________: Society and humans can improve.
5. __________________: People should be free.
Important Individuals
Review: Who’s Who? Hobbes, Locke, Voltaire, Montesquieu, Rousseau
1. Humans are naturally selfish and wicked. __________________________2. Believed that the powers of government should be separated into different branches.
__________________________3. Criticized the clergy, wealthy classes, and government in his writing. ____________________________4. Supported tolerance, reason, freedom of religion, and freedom of speech. _______________________5. Natural Rights Theory: Humans have the right to life, liberty, and property._______________________6. An absolute ruler is necessary to control the state and keep order. ___________________________7. Humans are naturally good, but are corrupted by civilization. ______________________________8. Social Contract Theory: People give up their rights to a ruler so that the ruler can keep
control.____________________________9. Humans can learn & improve. Humans are reasonable and have the ability to govern
themselves.____________________________10. Separate government branches would keep one individual or group from gaining too much power
(checks and balances)._________________________________11. The job of government is to protect the peoples’ rights. If it fails to do so, the people should overthrow
it.______________________________12. Government should be guided by the wishes of society (direct democracy). ______________________ 13. People give control to the government in exchange for a common good._________________________
Name:_______________________
Date:_________________
Block:_____________
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