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Experiment on Testing The Effects of Vibrations In Different
Weight of Object and Length of String
CikaL – Amri Secondary School
MYP Year 8
Science Project
By:
Salsabil Inas Labiba
Jakarta, Indonesia
2012
Content
Preface______________________________________________________________3
CHAPTER I
Purpose_____________________________________________________________4
Introduction__________________________________________________________4
CHAPTER II
Hypothesis___________________________________________________________5
Materials and Methods_________________________________________________5
CHAPTER III
Data________________________________________________________________6
Result_______________________________________________________________7
Conclusion___________________________________________________________7
Work Cited__________________________________________________________9
Labiba 2
Preface
Firstly, I would like to say thank you to Allah SWT to let me start and finish
this experiment well, also finish this report after doing the successful experiment to
prove out the vibration throughout in terms of physics. Secondly, I would like to say
thank you to Miss Dewi Pramesti Kusumaningrum as my science teacher who picked
this topic, ‘Vibration and Wave’ from physics that I have never know before. Also,
she helps me on understanding the topic well by doing several exercises that train my
brain to be more understand. And at the end, she helps me while doing this
experiment that understand me more about vibrations and waves by using simple
materials, which are a piece of string, metals, ruler, and a stopwatch.
Also, I would like to say thank you to my group mates, Agalia Sakanti
Ardyasa, Azzah Al Zahra Farras, and Hapsari Athaya Mulyanissa who helped me a
lot while dong this experiment because without them, I cannot finish it all by myself
because it needs different person to count the vibrations and hold the stopwatch, also
taking pictures.
As we all know, each experiment always ends up with its own result also its
own relevant reason that teaches the person the other lesson that might people do not
know because the speed of the string and the air condition since it could affect the
string’s speed would not be the same with the other group.
By doing this experiment, we could be more proficient about vibration and
wave that included into physics knowledge that is a new learning for us. This could
open our curiosity about science life.
Labiba 3
CHAPTER I
Purpose
In this term, we are learning about ‘Vibrations and Wave’ in terms of physics
since vibrations and wave have been the highlight in this techno world and becomes
its important material in technology industries by helping the technology
development.
By that, we want to examine the vibration result with two different variables,
by changing its weigh and its amplitude length and how much the effects that happen
along. We are using 2 different sections, with using 2 metals and 4 metals as its
weigh. Each of the weigh would be examine on different length, so there would be 4
experiments.
Introduction
Vibration is the mechanical oscillation of an object, which passes its balance
position that has its frequency by counting the number of vibrations, produced in
particular time, so it measures the vibrations produced in one second. It has its
furthest distance that called as amplitude. We also can count the time needed to make
one vibration, and it is called as its period.
If we are wanting to find its example, it might be not that difficult because the
way we see is one of the vibration example, which is visible light that is included into
electromagnetic waves around us. Besides seeing, we also could see the example from
the vibration that the seismograph captured while there is an earthquake and water
ripples when we throw a stone into a pond or lake.
Meanwhile, we want to know the effects of the vibration results if the string
affected by the weigh of the object and the length of the string.
Labiba 4
CHAPTER II
Hypothesis
Since we are using different kind of weigh, which are 2 metals weigh and 4
metals, the lightest weight would produce the more vibrations since it has less
pressure to bring. Besides the weigh is changed, the length of the string is also
changed. The longest string would produce the more vibration since it brings the more
power to bring the metal.
Materials and Methods
Materials:
- A piece of string as a hold for the metals
- Metal rings: 4 pieces to differentiate the weigh
- Ruler to measure the amplitude
- Stopwatch to count the time spent
- Tape to hold the string
Method:
- Tied the metals perfectly, make sure it wont fly off when you swing it
- Tape the string’s end that is not tied to the metals, to the table. Make sure it
wont fall off
- Measure the amplitude by measuring the string
- Start to swing the string along as pressing the stopwatch to start the time
This experiment is testing how much vibrations produced in different weigh and
different length of string. It will be tested until the vibrations end.
Labiba 5
CHAPTER III
Data
Experiment with 2 metals:
WITH 2 METALS Vibrations Time Frequency Period
25 cm
(Amplitude: 25 cm)
528 vibrations 4:03 minutes 2.172 Hz 0.460 sec
40 cm
(Amplitude: 40 cm)
464 vibrations 3:46 minutes 2.053 Hz 0.487 sec
Experiment with 4 metals:
WITH 4 METALS Vibrations Time Frequency Period
25 cm
(Amplitude: 23 cm)
490 vibrations 3:00 minutes 2.72 Hz 0.367 sec
40 cm
(Amplitude: 43 cm)
477 vibrations 4:09 minutes 1.915 Hz 0.522 sec
25 cm 40 cm450
460
470
480
490
500
510
520
530
540
550
2 Metals4 Metals
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Result
After doing the experiment, we could know that the more long string would
be, the less vibrations that it produces. Also, the less mass that it brings produces the
vibrations from the string. Even though if we see the table, the time that it took is not
in a perfect pattern, but at the end, the amount of the vibrations and the period is
telling the same reason that the lighter mass and the shorter length that the pendulum
has, the more vibrations that will it produces.
The swing of the pendulum is actually affected by its length that determines
the frequency and period. This is also agreed by Galileo Galilei that pendulum has a
constant period even when moving in different angles it started, but it depends on the
length of the pendulum. The longer the pendulum is, the slower the pendulum swings.
This proven that the shorter pendulum would swings faster. As the angle of oscillation
or amplitude increased, the period will also increased. Even though, the greater mass
it brings, the less air friction that will slow the pendulum’s movement, but this matter
does not affecting much in the movement.
Conclusion
In this topic, we are all know that vibration has becomes a highlight in
technology development because it makes the radio and TV works really well. If we
look up again, the fact tells that vibration is a mechanical oscillation of an object that
passes its balance position, could be anywhere, even in a watch. By that, we want to
test it by make a duplicate of a pendulum using a piece of a string and metals as its
weigh. We want to know if the mass that it brings and the length of the amplitude can
affect the vibrations that happen in the pendulum.
As we finished the experiment, the result says that the length of the string and
Labiba 7
the amplitude are the ones that affecting the most because it determines the power that
the pendulum has to bring out the mass. That means that my hypothesis that the
lightest mass would produce the more vibrations is right, but the longer string would
produce more vibrations because it has more power is wrong. The longer pendulum it
is, the more power that it would has, but it ends up with less of vibrations because it
needs a longer time to reach the furthest distance from its balance position.
Labiba 8
Work Cited
Alley, Robert. "What Affects the Swing Rate of a Pendulum?" EHow. Demand
Media, 26 Mar. 2011. Web. 16 Dec. 2012.
<http://www.ehow.com/info_8113160_affects-swing-rate-pendulum.html>.
"How Does Length and Initial Angle Affect the Period in a Simple
Pendulum?"WikiAnswers. Answers, n.d. Web. 16 Dec. 2012.
<http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_does_length_and_initial_angle_affect_the_pe
riod_in_a_simple_pendulum>.
Morgan, Michael. "Galileo's Pendulum Experiments." Galileo's Pendulum
Experiments. N.p., 17 Apr. 1995. Web. 16 Dec. 2012.
<http://galileo.rice.edu/lib/student_work/experiment95/galileo_pendulum.html>
Labiba 9