THE DISARMAMENT AND INTERNATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL

STUDY GUIDE

DISEC TES

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Table Of Content S.N Topics Pag

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1 Message From The Dias 32 Introduction Of The Committee

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3 About The Topic 6-7

4 History Of The Problem 8

5 Current Situation 9-10

6 Works Done To Reduce Terrorism

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7 Solutions Of The Problem 13

8 Things To Consider While Making A Resolution

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9 Works Cited 15

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Message From The ChairDear delegates,

I, the chair of DISEC Committee welcome all of you delegates and hope that you will make these days of TES MUN memorable for me, the vice chair, moderator and all the delegates.

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This year, our committee will be discussing the issues related to terrorism and illegal acts that are done by the countries all over the world.

Considering the illegal arms trading by the countries, the delegates should fully be aware of the countries that are involved in illegal arms trading, the reasons why the countries are doing so along with substantial evidences. The delegates should come up with a framework that will help to deal with such types of countries and minimize the illegal acts.

Regarding the terrorism acts, the delegates must be aware of terrorist groups like ISIS, Boko Haram, Taliban and such others, the threats caused by them that harm international peace and the ways to eradicate the terrorist groups without causing any harm to the nation.

The Dias panel has worked very hard for you delegates and has made a study guide that has the minimum information required for you delegates to participate in this committee. The delegates must further research to increase their knowledge and participate in the committee well. I am expecting a wonderful MUN session from the delegates of my committee and hope you research well.

 

Yours Sincerely,

Aagaman Kandel

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INTRODUCTION TO THE COMMITTEE

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The Disarmament and International Security Committee (DISEC) is the First Committee of the United Nations General Assembly (GA). The Disarmament and International Security Committee was established in 1993. It is the First and one of the main committees of the General Assembly. The role of DISEC is outlined in Chapter IV, Article 11 of the United Nations Charter which states, “The General Assembly may consider the general principles of cooperation in the maintenance of international peace and security, including the principles governing disarmament and the regulation of armaments and may make recommendations with regard to such principles to the Members or to the Security Council or to both”. As per this article, the mandate of DISEC is highlighted as, “to promote the establishment and maintenance of international peace and security with the least diversion for armaments of the world's human and economic resources”. It includes all nations that are United Nations Member States. DISEC deals with issues regarding the promotion, establishment, and subsequent maintenance of global peace while simultaneously working to prevent weapons proliferation. Under the UN Charter, all member states and observers of the United Nations are automatically part of the first committee of the General Assembly, and have an equal vote. Documents drafted by this committee require a simple majority to be passed. Like the other committees of the

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DISEC TES MUN 2018

United Nations General Assembly, DISEC is unable to impose sanctions, authorize armed intervention, or pass binding resolutions. With the increase of weapons and growing security United Nations General Assembly: Arms Proliferation UNA-MN Model UN Conference at Macalester College — November 2014 2 Copyright © 2014 by the United Nations Association of Minnesota threats, DISEC continues to grow in importance and becomes a significant part of resolving international crises.

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DISEC TES MUN 2018

TOPIC: Threats TO International Peace And Security Due To Terrorism ActTerrorist is a person who holds extreme political or religious views, especially one who advocates illegal, violent, or other extreme action or a person who uses unlawful violence and intimidation, especially against civilians, in the pursuit of political aims. Due to these terrorists, the nations of this world have not been able to stay in peace without terror because no one knows when the terrorist groups may attack and from where. The terrorist groups have been much more powerful than before by occupying more of the countries and stealing more destructive weapons of the countries. ISIS, Boko Haram, Taliban are some of the terrorist groups that are widely talked about in today’s world. They have been widely known groups because of the terror that they have spread and the threat that they possess to the present world.SOME OF THE TERRORIST GROUPS:1. Islamic State (ISIS)

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Officially known as ISIL or ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and al Sham -- the Levant/Syria) or DAESH, the Islamic State controls northern parts of Iraq and the Western parts of Syria, within which it has formed its own brutal government that enacts sharia law. Founded by Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, the Islamic State has carried out acts of barbarism so brutal that even Al Qaeda has condemned it. The IS accepts fighters from all over the world, and encourages them to emigrate to "al Sham" or heaven on earth. 

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Al-QaedaThe biggest “brand name” among all terrorist groups in the world, thanks to 9-11, this extremist Islamic group was established in 1989 by Osama Bin Laden. Under his leadership, Al-Qaeda carried out the 9/11 attacks on US, which led to the Afghan war culminating with the death of bin Laden in Pakistan in May 2012. Now headed by Ayman al-Zawahiri, Al-Qaeda is notorious for its integrated network and powerful strategies. Al-Qaeda constitutes thousands of individuals who have accomplished proper military training. 

 Taliban

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Derived from the Pashto word for “students”, Taliban is well-known for being one of the few militant organizations to have been in charge of a country – Afghanistan from 1996 to 2001. Founded by Mullah Mohammed Omar, the Taliban took Afghanistan back into the middle ages with their strict imposition of Sharia and Islamic laws. They blew up ancient artifacts and statues and forced women to be covered from head to toe. They received active support of Al-Qaeda, and were overthrown in the US-led invasion of Afghanistan.

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History Of The ProblemFormation of ISISThe group's roots are in the Sunni terror group al Qaeda in Iraq (AQI), started in 2004 by Jordanian Islamist Abu Musab al-Zarqawi. After the death of Zarqawi due to an US airstrike that was done on 2006, Egyptian Abu Ayyub al-Masri took over and he announced the creation of the Islamic State in Iraq. ISI controlled much of western Iraq's

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Anbar province by 2006 but then in 2008, a surge of US troops, with the help of Sunni tribesmen who were at odds with al Qaeda, largely defeated the group in Iraq. On 2010, US-Iraqi operation was held where the leader of ISI died. Taking that opportunity, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi stepped in as the leader of ISI and ruled over the group. Shortly, a conflict started on the neighboring country Syria where Baghdadi sent some of his troops to fight against the forces of the Syrian government. After the conflict, ISI got power in Syria. When the group re entered inside in IRAQ in 2013, Baghdadi gave that group the name “ISIS” that shakes the heart of many civilians in the present context.

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Current Situation:

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Jihadist Terror attacks has increased in Europe since 2015. ISIS, Kurdistan Workers’ Party, Real Irish Republican Army, Macedonian UÇK, Caucasus Emirate are some of the major terrorist groups that are present in Europe. It seems as if there is an terrorist attack in Europe every year. There are 741.4 millions of people that live in Europe. It is not necessary that all the people are good or king hearted. Among those billions of people, there are many people and organizations that support the terrorist groups. Because of those people, the terrorist groups are getting more powerful. The threat from terrorism will remain high and could worsen over the decade. There are now more Islamist extremists from more countries active in more places than ever before. Extremists ]

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will continue to exploit fragile and violence-prone states, including in Southeast Asia, for safe havens and to build skills. Globally, terrorism will add to instability and drive international security interventions, especially in the Middle East and Africa.

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Works Done To Reduce Terrorism

1. Eighteen universal instruments (fourteen instruments and four amendments) against international terrorism have been elaborated within the framework of the United Nations system relating to specific terrorist activities.

2. UN Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy has been established.

3. Counter-Terrorism Committee Work Program (October 19, 2001)

4. International Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings (December 15, 1997)

The International Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings creates a system of international jurisdiction to punish terrorist bombings. Under the convention "the offence of 'terrorists bombing' is committed when a person unlawfully and intentionally delivers a bomb, explosive against a place of public use, a state or Government facility." The convention is in force since 23 May 2001. The US signed the convention in 1998 but did

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not ratify it until after the September 11 bombings, on June 26, 2002.

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5. The International Convention for the Suppression of

the Financing of Terrorism (1999)

6. France is involved in the UN’s normative role in the fight against terrorism

7. France actively contributes to the sanctions regime against Daesh and Al-Qaeda

8. FATF (Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering) has produced a number of key outputs to promote more effective domestic coordination and international cooperation to combat the financing of terrorism.

9. Signatures and Ratifications of the Inter-American Convention against Terrorism

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Solutions

1. Sanctions should be done against the supporters of terrorist groups.

2. By ending the dispute between the countries.

3. Not letting the civilians to depend upon terrorist groups for financial support.

4. Escorting the weapons or arms that are being delivered from one place to another with high security.

5. Different countries should cooperatively form a group that can effectively fight against the terrorist groups with causing minimum harm to the nations.

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Things to consider while making a resolution

How the financing of terrorist groups should be reduced.

What are the works that the countries should do to reduce the expansion of terrorist groups.

What are the major countries that are capable of leading the groups made to fight against terrorist groups.

What are the works that have been done internationally and what else can be done to make the work more effective.

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Works Cited

1. https://globalsecuritynewswire.com/2017/07/26/u-s- weapons-main-source-of-trade-in-illegal-arms-on-the-dark-web/

2. https://www.burohappold.com/opinion/8-ways- reduce-threat-terrorist-attack/

3. http://www.fatf-gafi.org/publications/fatfgeneral/ documents/fatf-action-under-2016-cft-plan.html

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4. https://www.brookings.edu/opinions/a-global- solution-is-needed-for-illicit-weapons/

5. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/06/world/ middleeast/isis-global-terrorism.html

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