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Unit 7 Test Review: Early Statehood and the U.S.-Mexican War (Pre-AP)

1. Based on the excerpt above, what did the Democratic Party consider “great American measures”?

2. According to this diagram, what do these two states have in common?

3. List the events that are a part of the Early Statehood Era? (See Unit 7 Plan)

4. What year was Texas annexed into the United States?

5. The vast majority of African Americans in Texas were __________________________.

6. Based on the excerpt, where did the residents in most new Texas household come from between 1850 and 1860?

“Resolved, That our title to the whole of the Territory of Oregon is clear and unquestionable; that no portion of the same ought to be ceded to England or any other power, and that the reoccupation of Oregon and the re-annexation of Texas at the earliest practicable period are great American measures, which this Convention recommends to the cordial support of the Democracy of the Union.”

—Democratic Party Platform, 1844

The national census of 1850 counted 212,592 Texans. Over the next ten years, the population nearly tripled to 604,215. As before, many of the new residents were from the Southern states, particularly Georgia, Tennessee, and Virginia. Nearly three of every four households in Texas consisted of families from Southern states. Visitors in Southern states often saw empty houses with the letters “GTT” on the doors. The initials stood for “Gone To Texas.”

—Texas History

7. What kind of reading source is this letter above? How do you know?

8. Based on the letter, how does Robert E. Lee feel about the U.S.-Mexican War?

9. What were the terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?

10. According to this excerpt, Manifest Destiny would lead to the annexation of what?

Passage from a letter written by Robert E. Lee to his wife, Mary:“My Dear Mary,

. . . . You of course have heard the word from Texas, and that war has commenced in earnest. No one can tell where it will end. . . . I never could see the advantage to be gained by sending General Taylor with 5,000 men into the heart of Mexico. . . . unless it was to invite the Mexicans to attack [him] and thus bring on the war. . . .”

- From Nancy Scott and Dwight Anderson’s The Generals: Ulysses S. Grant and Robert E. Lee (Alfred A. Knopf, 1988)

Many Americans in the mid-1800s believed that it was the destiny of the United States to settle North America from coast to coast. In 1845 newspaper editor John O’Sullivan referred to this belief as “Manifest Destiny.” Settlers wanted to live on the fertile lands of Oregon and Texas. Merchants wanted ports on the Pacific Coast where American ships could stop on their way to trade with Asia.

-Texas History

11. How did the cartoonist view the effects of the U.S.-Mexican War on Mexico?

Cause Effect

12. Which pair of events best completes the graphic organizer from left to right? (See Unit 7 Plan)

13. Why did Irish immigrants come to Texas?

14. What key political issue was raised due to new U.S. territory gained?

PLUCKED

Picture Left: The Mexican Eagle Before the War.

Picture Right: The Mexican Eagle After the War.

MexicanWar

The United States: 1789-1853

15. Which area on the map above was acquired by the United States as a result of the Mexican War?

16. Which area on the map above was purchased from France in 1803?

17. The annexation of which area on the map above caused a war with Mexico?

18. Why would the river described in the excerpt influence the start of the U.S.-Mexican War?

“[U.S. President James Polk] wanted to fix the southern boundary of Texas at the Rio Grande. The great river was seen as an important trade and shipping highway and a key to the region’s growth. During the years of the Republic, Texas had claimed the river as its southern boundary. Mexico disagreed. It claimed that the Texas boundary was . . . farther north, as it had been under Spain and Mexico.”

19. What do the Boston, Hartford, and Cincinnati newspapers fear, according to this passage?

20. What role did Texas Rangers play during the Mexican-American War?

21. How did the Compromise of 1850 affect Texas?

22. What was the Gadsden Purchase of the area of southern New Mexico and Arizona was going to be used for?

“ANNEXATION—Several of the Journals of the Northern States opposed to the annexation of Texas to the Union have recently taken the alarm, and the [strong feelings] and anxiety they manifest indicate but too plainly that they already entertain serious fear that the measure may be successful notwithstanding their efforts. The Boston Courier, the Hartford Journal, the Cincinnati Gazette, and even the little rabid Liberator an ultra-abolition paper, are cooperating to defeat a measure which they pretend to regard as one of the greatest misfortunes that could befall the United States.”

- From the Houston Telegraph and Texas Register, January 7, 1844