MacromoleculesVocabulary Chart Answers

Name:_______________________________ Period:___________

VocabWord Definition Image

Protein(page 55)

Macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen,oxygen, and nitrogen;needed by the body for growth and repair

Enzyme(page 60)

Protein catalyst that speeds up the rate of specific biological reactions

Substrate(page 60)

Reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction

Products(page 58)

Elements or compounds produced by chemical reactions

Activation Energy

(page 59)

Energy input that is needed for a reaction to begin

Endothermic Reaction

A chemical reaction that is accompanied by the absorption of heat

Ex: Ice cubes, snow, popsicles

Exothermic Reaction

A chemical reaction that is accompanied by the release of heat

Ex: Fire, the sun, humans!

Monosaccharide(page 53)

Single sugar molecule

Ex: glucose, galactose, fructose

Disaccharide(page 53)

A compound made by joining two monosaccharides together.

Ex: table sugar (fructose + glucose)

Polysaccharide(page 53)

Macromolecule formed by joining many monosaccharides together. How many animals store excess sugar.

Ex: glycogen (many glucose molecules together)

Carbohydrate(page 53)

Compound made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; type of nutrients that are the major source of energy of the body

Dealers choice- draw an image that reminds you of carbohydrates when you look at it. Remember to include the CHO elements

SugarMonomer(page 53)

Small chemical unit that makes up a polymer Dealers Choice- draw an image that reminds you of monomers when you look at it.

Glycerol The backbone of a lipid. Joins with fatty acids to create a lipid. Made of alcohol

Nucleic Acid(page 55)

Macromolecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus

Nucleotide(page 55)

Subunit of which nucleic acids are composed made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

Amino Acid(page 55)

compound with an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other end. Monomer of protein.

Dealers Choice

Lipid(page 54)

Macromolecule made mostly from carbon and hydrogen atoms; includes fats, oils, and waxes

Fatty Acid The monomer of lipids. Used to Regulate oxygen use, electron transportation and energy production

Saturated Fat A fatty acid containing the maximum amount of hydrogens (NO DOUBLE BONDS)

Ex: cheese, butter, lamb, pork, chicken with skin

Unsaturated Fat A fat with at least one double carbon-carbon bond

Ex: avocado, nuts, olive oils, and vegetable oils