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Learning Challenge
Work Booklet
What makes the earth angry?
Name: ___________________
Spring 1 – Volcanoes
Where on Earth?
Using an Atlas (or the resource bank) on the world map label the following:
· The continents
· The equator and the tropics
· The Northern and Southern Hemispheres
Where on Earth?
Using a world map, locate the following volcanos:
· Mt Vesuvius,
· Krakatoa
· Mt Fuji
· Mt Kilimanjaro
· Villarrica
· Mt St Helens
· Erebus
Resource bank
Are there any Volcanos in the United Kingdom?
Using an atlas, on your map label the following countries:
England
Scotland
Wales
Northern Ireland
The following capital cities:
London
Edinburgh
Cardiff
Belfast
The following Seas:
English Channel
North sea
Irish Sea
Celtic sea
Lastly Locate Arthur’s seat.
Why is our Earth so special?
On the diagram below, label the different layers that make up our plant. USE A RULER!
The Crust
The Mantle
The Outer Core
The Inner Core
Challenge: Using the information on the previous sheet, can you research one of the earth’s layers?
What are the layers of the Earth?
Can you draw your own diagram and label each of the Earth’s layers?
How are volcanos formed?
https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/topics/z849q6f/articles/zd9cxyc
Can you put the following boxes in the order in which they occur?
Magma is lighter than rock so rises towards the Earth's surface. As the magma rises, bubbles of gas form inside it
Volcanoes erupt when molten rock called magma rises to the surface. Magma is formed when the earth's mantle melts.
If magma is thick, gas bubbles cannot easily escape and pressure builds up as the magma rises.
When the pressure is too much an explosive eruption can happen, which can be dangerous and destructive.
What are the different features of a volcano?
1. On the next page can you draw your own volcano?
2. Label it with features in the table below.
Vent
Ash Cloud
Conduit
Crater
Throat
Magma Reservoir
3. Describe the three stages: active, dormant, extinct.
Use the resources below and the volcano glossary to help you.
An underground passage which magma travels through.
The mouth of a volcano. It surrounds the vent.
A cloud of ash. It is formed by volcanic explosions
The entrance of a volcano. It ejects lava and volcanic ash.
An opening in the surface of the Earth through which volcanic materials, such as magma, can escape.
A large underground pool of liquid rock found beneath the surface of the Earth.
My diagram of a volcano
Look at the 2 images below, one showing where volcanos occur and one of where the tectonic plates that make up the crust are. What do you notice?
https://www.dkfindout.com/uk/earth/volcanoes/where-are-earths-volcanoes/
What causes a volcano to erupt?
Watch the video and take notes. Then using your notes and your previous work, describe why a volcano erupts.
https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/44100737
Can you draw an eruption?
Volcanic eruption fact sheet
Complete the 2 spider diagrams to compare and contrast the differences between the 2 eruptions.
· Where are they located in the world?
· When did they erupt?
· Did anybody lose their lives?
· A fun fact that you like.
Use the box below to make notes during your research:
Arthurs’s Seat
Arthur’s Seat is an extinct volcano, which erupted around 340 million years ago. At that time, Scotland was a very different place, located close to the Equator. The rocks of Holyrood Park give us some clues about what it was like in the past. Layers of sandstone formed in shallow lagoons close to the sea. Many explosive eruptions of the volcano created volcanic ash, and lava flows formed in quieter eruptions. In the hundreds of millions of years since it stopped erupting, the volcano has been buried beneath other rocks.
Mt St Helens – North America
The 1980 Mount St. Helens eruption was the most destructive in U.S. history. Fifty-seven people died, and thousands of animals were killed, according to USGS. More than 200 homes were destroyed, and more than 185 miles of roads and 15 miles of railways were damaged. Ash clogged sewage systems, damaged cars and buildings, and temporarily shut down air traffic over the Northwest.
Mt St Helens
Arthur’s Seat
https://kids.kiddle.co/Mount_St._Helens
https://kids.kiddle.co/Arthur%27s_Seat
Can I create a fact-file for some of the world’s volcanos?
https://www.natgeokids.com/uk/discover/geography/physical-geography/volcano-facts/
Choose 3 volcanoes. For each volcano answer each of these questions:
· What is its location in the world?
· Can you find some information about its eruptions?
· One interesting fact
Letter Plan
Collecting vocabulary
Write down 6 words you could use to describe the picture
What do you know about St Helens?
1. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Quick questions to ask the reader of the letter:
1. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Would you like to live there?
Circle YES or NO
Give a reason for your answer using a conjunction to explain.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Opening Line
Write what your reaction would be if you saw this picture in real life from where you lived
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What would it be like to live near St Helens?
Using your plan, you are going to write a letter to a person who lives near the North American volcano, St Helens.
In the letter your aim is to show off your geographical knowledge of volcanos and what you learnt so far!
Success Criteria:
T
Me
· To know and locate the countries and cities of the volcanoes studied
· Tell the reader about a volcano in the UK (Arthur’s Seat)
· Tell the reader the Earth’s crust is made up of tectonic plates and that fault lines exist between the plates
· Tell the reader why volcanos occur
· Tell the reader about the types (dormant or active)
· Tell the reader about key geographical features of a volcano