Scenario 1 Potential AnswersAnimated World Books employs a range of staff who collaborate to create books, comics and animated cartoons1. How would Animated World Books use ICT? p6Animated World Books would use ICT to• Sell services to customers• Plan and monitor finances• Communicate between employees• Communicate with customersExamples are given in the remainder of the questions

2. What are the advantages and disadvantages for Animated World staff using desktops or laptops? p8/9Desktop computers:• usually, but not necessarily, have a higher specification than a laptop• are fixed in one place on a desk so can be secured• can have larger monitors than laptops for ease of viewing documents• have a separate mouse and keyboard for more ergonomic use to try and avoid health and safety issues• can be more easily maintained and upgraded without the need for complete replacementLaptop computers:• are portable because they are light and small• can carry out all the office tasks necessary• do not need a power cable connected to the mains electricity supply, but can use battery power instead• can connect to the internet while away from an office so the user can keep in contact with the office by email or use the laptop to access files stored on the company network or in the ‘cloud’Be aware that netbooks could also be asked about as an alternative to a laptop

3. Some staff are dealing with large graphics or video files. Which type of computer system would be most suitable and why? p45The most suitable system would be a desktop computer with a high-resolution Visual Display Unit and top-of-the-range high-speed processorso the correct level of detail could be viewed and the files could be processed in a shorter amount of time.

4. Staff are issued with a Laptop to take to remote locations and customers own homes. Identify and describe three benefits a Laptop canprovide to the staff in terms of storage and/or communication? p9Laptop computers:• can connect to the internet while away from an office so the user• can keep in contact with the office by email or use the laptop to access files stored on the company network or in the ‘cloud’• some laptops have built-in mobile data slots for connecting to the internet on the move

5. What factors would Animated World consider when choosing a computer system? p22Cost:

• Cost of purchase compared to cost of not buying the system• Not buying the product may result in a greater cost to Animated World Books than not buying it• Cost of the product may differ from other products• Cost may be justified by the benefits to be gained/extra features included• Cost is important within a fixed budget• Cost of trainingUser needs:• The convergence of user needs and the features of the system• The ease of use for a range of different users• Method of controlData security:• Provision of security within the system must meet requirements of Animated World Books/DPA

6. What tools can be used to aid collaboration between staff? p66• They would use Comment Boxes and Track Changes features• Ability to edit means that staff can make changes directly to the work• Ability to track changes means that Stephen can quickly find the changes that Maria has made and decide to agree and keep thesechanges, or dismiss them totally or edit as sees fit• Efficiency is increased because time taken to do the task is reduced• Efficiency is increased because greater chance of creating a suitable document

7. How can Animated World Books try to stop incidents of cyberbullying? p74They should have a section in their ICT policy to try and prevent this

8. As a range of staff often work on files, describe two ways this can have access to the same files. p46; p66• In shared areas on the Animated World Books network – different access levels can be set eg. write, edit and/or read• On a cloud so all of the staff in the team can access documents online – access can be open or restricted

9. Explain how Animated World will make use of access rights and permissions p46All files and folders have access rights and permissions to control who can read, edit and save files. If a file is read-only files cannot bealtered so if the file was changed it would have to be re-saved.

10. Explain how Animated World can keep data safe and secure. p46Data can be kept safe by

saving work regularly• never working on the only copy of the work• shutting down the computer properly

• storing storage media such as CDs and other removable media carefully.Data can be kept secure by:• physically protecting the data• encrypting the data• using passwords to control access to the data

11. What input devices would staff would create animated cartoons make use of? pNotInBook• Graphics tablet would be the best input device to suggest• Webcam/video camera/camera for moving image input would also be a good answer• Scanner would be a reasonable answer as you could scan in drawings• Mouse and camera would be weaker answers

12. What software would staff who create books and comics use and what features within the software would they make use of? p27Graphics and photo manipulation software as it has a range of tools and features that are used to create or edit image. Photos can:• be edited to remove red-eye or other unwanted blemishes• be cropped to remove unwanted parts of the image• have elements cut off or out of the image• be resized to fit frames in documents or for use in different devices• have extra layers created to add new elements to the image

13. What devices would employees who are physically impaired use to make their use of a computer easier? p13; p23• Specialist keyboard designed for disabled users, e.g. Braille keyboards for the visually impaired engineering keyboards for specialised character entry• Puff-suck switches activate switches that select an item on screen or send a command to the computer when the person blows or sucks• Braille keyboards have braille markings to allow people with visual impairments to feel the keys and choose one without seeing it• A foot mouse is used by feet, instead of hands and fingers, to move the pointer on screen• Text To Speech software reads text aloud and sounds are made, or words are spoken, when commands are entered or carried out• Speech To Text software translates spoken commands into actions that the computer carries out and spoken words appear as text in a document• Zoom enlarges areas of the screen display as a pointer is moved over the screen

14. What type of output device would the staff use to print drawings? p16Plotter

15. What is remote working? p7; p24People can use ICT to work while away from the office, at home or travelling. They can:

• send emails to colleagues and customers• access and transfer files on company servers or on cloud storage

The system that stores the files for remote access must be:• configured to allow remote access• set up so the worker has the proper authentication to be allowed access• able to send and receive files securely.

Remote access can involve:• sharing the desktop of a computer in the officeusing a virtual private network (VPN)• accessing files and folders using specialist software such as FTP.• The employee must have a user name and a password in order to access files.• The company system that stores the files must be configured to allow remote working access.

The company system must:• use a router that controls access to a company network and can be setup to allow remote access• check that the workers have the proper authentication for access by checking the user name and password for the remote user• be able to send and receive the files securely• be configured for access to the remote storage.

Remote access can involve:• sharing the desktop of a computer in the office, which means that• the remote computer (a laptop, for instance) appears to be using the• desktop as if in the office• using a virtual private network (VPN) which is a secure connection that appears to be part of the actual company network• using specialist software such as file transfer protocol (FTP) software for accessing files and folders

16. The employees need to communicate via an internet-based video conferencing service. State one device that would be needed to take part in this video conference, for each of the following requirements: Voice input, Moving image input, Voice output, Moving image output, connectivityp13; p17; p20; p58; p59; p60

Requirement device DeviceVoice input MicrophoneMoving image input Webcam/video camera/cameraVoice output Speakers/headphonesMoving image output Monitor/screen/Visual Display

Unit/TVConnectivity Modem/router/cable/network

card

17. When employees are working at the office identify one type of wired method which they could use to connect their desktop computer to thenetwork p20; p30• Ethernet using a Network Interface Card• Firewire• USB

18. The company has an SSID. What is one and how can they be administered? p33The Service Set Identifier (SSID) identifies each network by a unique name so that all the devices connected to it can identify the network.It must be used by all the devices on that network if they are to communicate with each other. SSIDs can be set manually by the person who administers the network or set up automatically. Automatic SSID broadcasts can be hidden to make it harder to detect the network.Network administrators can use a public SSID to broadcast to wireless devices in range of an access point.

19. Each laptop in the office uses a wireless connection. As part of its security, the wireless network requires the use of a security key. Describe how a security key is used to allow a device to connect to a wireless network p33The security key is checked (1) to see if it is on a list (1) if on a list, access is granted (1)

20. Describe one responsibility that the Health and Safety at Work Act places on employers who provide staff with computer equipment p70• Employers need to check that the equipment they provide is safe/does not cause harm/injury (1). If an issue is identified, action needs to be taken to reduce the risk/equipment needs to be replaced with suitable equipment (1)• Allow employees to have regular breaks (1) and so plan the day to allow for these to be taken/(Candidate may give examples of regular breaks) (1)• Arrange for eye tests (1) and pay for eye tests (1)• Set up health and safety training for staff/display correct use posters (1) so that they know how to use computer equipment safely(1)

21. State one reason why Animated World Books archives data, what medium they might use and why it would be suitable pNot in booko To store old information (1)o To free up space (1)o Separate historical data (1)

o Information is no longer needed daily (1)o To improve efficiency (1)

22. Identify one possible problem to Animated World Books that may be caused by archiving data pNot in booko Data needs to be uncompressed (1)o Difficult to find files (1)o Storage format may become redundant (1)o Data not immediately available (1)

23. Explain why it is necessary to back up data and how can you recover data or files use a backup? pNot in booko Data can be deleted/corrupted/damaged/lost (1) and so a copy is kept to replace it (1)o So that Animated World Books can carry on operating (1) if the data is deleted/corrupted/damaged (1)o If the data is deleted (1) the school still has the information it needs (1)o To protect against accidental loss/destruction (1) as required by the DPA (1)

24. What is the difference between a backup and an archive? p53Backups are copies of data or files that are currently in use. Archives are copies of data or files that are no larger needed for day-today use.

25. What is an incremental backup? p54

Backup systems can create copies of only the data that is new or that has changed since the last time a backup was created, saving mediaspace and time. Incremental backups can be used to restore the latest data and files quite quickly. A backup restores the data, file or diskto the state it was in when the backup was made so the most recent work may still be lost.

26. Compare the different types of backup in terms of cost, ease of use and security

27. What are the advantages and disadvantages of automatic and manual backups? pNot in book

28. If Animated World Books lost data due to corruption or theft what would the impact on the business, customers and employees be? p78; p79

Business:• For serious breaches (1) Animated World Books can be made to pay (1) up to £500,000 (1)• They can be prosecuted/fined/sued (1) because she has not kept the data securely (1)• Data held has to be protected from loss (1) so if the data is lost, an offence has occurred/Nico has to inform those whose data has been lost (that it has been lost) (1)• The Information Commissioner can issue them with an undertaking to comply (1) to force her to improve her data security (1)• The Information Commissioner can serve an assessment notice on them (1) and investigate her data security (1).Customers:• May lose confidence and trust in the business and may move their custom (also an impact on the business)

May become victims of identity theftEmployees:• The actions an employee faces could be:o formal written warningo a demotion in job role, and probably a reduction in salaryo dismissal from their jobo a reference which stated why they lost their job - this could result in difficulty in finding another job• The employer could also increase security including:o access rights to data being changedo more monitoring of what employees are doing whilst accessing the data

29. What types of threats to data security exist for Animated World and how can they minimise the risk? p80• Computer virus - A computer program that can replicate itself and spread from one computer to another. Viruses can increase their chances of spreading to other computers by infecting files on a network file system or a file system that is accessed by other computers. A virus attempts to make a computer system unreliable

• Trojans - A Trojan often appears to be something which is wanted or needed by the user of a PC but is a stand-alone malicious program designed to give full control of a PC infected with a Trojan to another PC. They can be hidden in valid programs and software. Trojan horses can make copies of themselves, steal information, or harm their host computer systems.

• Worm - A stand-alone computer program that replicates itself so it can spread to other computers. A worm can use a computer network to spread. Unlike a computer virus, it does not need to attach itself to an existing program. Worms almost always cause some harm to a network, even if only by consuming bandwidth.

• Phishing - A way of attempting to acquire information, for example usernames, passwords and credit card details, by pretending to be from a trustworthy source such as a social network or auction site. Phishing is usually carried out by

email spoofing or instant messaging. Users are often asked to enter details at a fake website which looks just like the proper version• Spyware - A type of malware (malicious software) installed on a computer system that collects information about users without their knowledge. Spyware is usually hidden from a user and can be difficult to detect. Spyware is often secretly installed on a user’s personal computer without their knowledge. However, some spyware such as key loggers may be installed to intentionally monitor users.

• Spyware - can collect data from an infected computer, including personal information such as websites visited, user logins and financial information. Spyware can also install additional software or redirect web browsers to different websites. Some spyware can change computer settings, which could lead to slow internet connection speeds or changes in web browser settings.

30. With employees working in a number of locations, how can Animate World monitor its staff and what are the moral/ethical issues surrounding this p35; p36; p75; p76; p77

Animated World Books want to know• business critical tasks are being completed• what their employees are doing and where they are during their working day because they have 'duty of care' to ensure that employees are safe

Animated World Books can monitor employees by:• using GPS location trackingo GPS tracking uses data from GPS satellites to find the precise location of the GPS tracking deviceo A GPS tracking device records its location at set intervals and sends the data using radio, a mobile phone connection or internet connection to a central computer. The location can be stored for later analysis or displayed on a map to 'track' the device in real time• in theory they could use electronic tagging (but this is used on criminals) – the device is monitored by a base unit which could alert

Animated World Books if the tag goes out of range (the employee leaves their home). Tracking devices do not actively send data about their location monitoring internet use and communications eg. email• an audit trail may be needed• Worker monitoring/loggingo CCTV cameras - monitor and record what employees are doingo Swipe or RFID ID cards - used to allow different access rights to each area of the premises• Key logging is hardware or software which records the real time activity of a computer user• Mobile phone triangulation is the obtaining of the current position of a mobile phone - it can allow someone to check where a person is without their consent• Worker call monitoring/recording can have an impact on the workers.

o help workers keep on track with the tasks they have to completeo improve productivityo enable employers to reward those employees who are most productiveo encourage some workers to work longer than they are contracted to do.o The recording and monitoring of calls can: enable an audit trail to be kept in case of any future issues or questions be used for training employees to deal with complicated calls from customers assist in employees keeping to the terms of a policy about taking or making private calls during working hoursIssues to consider:• impact and how this affects the group of people can be seen in different wayso the impact a business sees as positive may be seen by employees as negativeo As the use of computers in a business setting increases it is important that the moral and ethical issues and the impact these have on the businesso employees and customers is considered when storing personal and private data

31. Describe three potential health issues for employees and how the risks can be reduced p71• RSIo Repetitive strain injury (RSI) may be caused by the repetitive clicking of the buttons of a mouse or using a keyboard and shows itself as pain in the arms. The pain gets worse with any activity and the area affected may be weak. It is not certain that RSI is actually caused by repetitive actions when using computers but these actions do seem to make the condition worse.o Solutions: Take regular breaks; Provide ergonomically designed equipment including a keyboard, mouse and wrist rest for employees to use• Headacheso Headaches are often caused by problems with vision and having a computer monitor too far away, too dim or too bright, or having the text on the screen at the wrong sizeo Solutions: Be provided with, and use, an anti-glare screen; Use swivel bases on screens to deflect the light (natural and artificial).; Adjust brightness and contrast on screens; Have regular eye checks- provided by Animated World Books

• Neck and back paino Neck or back pain may be associated with incorrect posture. Sitting at the wrong height, or wrong distance or for long periods at computer desks may cause back or neck pain. Using a proper ‘computer chair’ such as one that provides proper back support and is adjustable will lower the risk of back pain or damage.o Also, having computer monitors at the wrong distance or angle may cause neck or back paino Solutions: Take regular breaks (1); Adjust posture (1); Adjust angle of laptop screen (1); Angle the laptop so that the keyboard is slanted (1); Work at a higher desk/adjust height of laptop (1); Use an external monitor/docking station (1); Adjust the seat height (1); Put it on a desk (1)• Eye straino Eye strain or sore eyes may be caused by using computers for long periods. Staring at a computer screen for long periods without blinking will cause the eye to dry out; having the wrong size text on screen will strain the eyes when

trying to read it; having too bright or dim colours will cause eye strain; and not setting the resolution of the monitor appropriately will strain the eyes. Another consideration is the light level and ref lections for monitors as these can affect how easily the work on the screen is seen. Using computers will not damage your eyes but might make them sore or cause headacheso Solutions: Be provided with, and use, an anti-glare screen; Use swivel bases on screens to deflect the light (natural and artificial).; Adjust brightness and contrast on screens; Have regular eye checks- provided by Animated World Books32. What should Animated World Books do to ensure the physical safety of its employees? p71• use a proper office chair with proper back support and adjustable height (the chair should have a single, central leg that allows the chair to swing around and that leg should have at least five supporting points, ideally each with a wheel so that the chair can move easily)• do not drink or eat when using a computer due to the possible electrical hazards, and the possible spillage of food and drink into the computer itself!• do not tamper with any cables or computer parts• place the computer equipment safely so it cannot fall or be knocked over• take care of their own health and safety and that of others

33. Animated World Books issues usernames and passwords to its staff. Describe how the network operating system uses the username p34• The user name recognises the user (1) as it can be checked against recognised list (1)• The user is identified (1) and resources/privileges/storage areas are allocated (1)• Use of the network is linked to the user name (1) so misuse/level of use can be tracked (1)

34. State why a password is needed when logging onto the school network and give one reason why this password should be changed regularly p34• Why it is needed:o For security purposes (or equivalent) (1)o To protect data/the network/access to resources (1)• Why should it be changed regularly:o To increase security (1)o In case someone finds out the password (1)o To reduce the chance of it being known (1)o To reduce the risk of unauthorised access (or example thereof) (1)o Because it is good practice (1)

35. What could affect the speed of the network Animated World Books use? p50• More data can be transferred in a set time over wired networks than wireless networks so wired networks are usually faster than wireless networks• Bandwidth is measured in bits per second and the available bandwidth will determine how fast a file such as a video or audio file can be downloaded

36. Animated World Books holds customer details of her employees in a databasea. Describe three features of database software that make it suitable for storing and analysing p26Databases are used for:• entry/storage/editing/processing/processing of data• Databases store data in files made up of records• A record is a collection of fields• A field holds one item of data• A database can- be made of just one table of records - a flat file database- hold many tables of records connected by relationships – a relational database.b. customer information State the name of the Act that controls the storage of personal information and describe one legal implication for Animated World Books if this data is stolen p78; p79The Data Protection Act (1998) is the act that controls the storage of personal information and if any data is stolen:• For serious breaches (1) Animated World Books can be made to pay (1) up to £500,000 (1)• They can be prosecuted/fined/sued (1) because she has not kept the data securely (1)• Data held has to be protected from loss (1) so if the data is lost, an offence has occurred/Nico has to inform those whose data has been lost (that it has been lost) (1)• The Information Commissioner can issue them with an undertaking to comply (1) to force her to improve her data security (1)• The Information Commissioner can serve an assessment notice on them (1) and investigate her data security (1)

37. Animated World Books requires each employee to sign an Acceptable Use Policy (AUP) before they are issued with their netbook. The AUP states that technicians are not allowed to download any Apps other than those included with the netbook. Explain two reasons why AnimatedWorld Books would not want staff to download any other Apps to their netbooks. Not In Book• Security (1) this is the worry that the App may give access to information that is on the phone/may allow customers to be identified (1)• A virus could be downloaded (1) which could infect the smart phone/other impact (1)• Games might be downloaded (1) which would stop the employee working (1)• Apps may use memory (1) which will slow down the performance of the smartphone (1)• Quality of work may decline (1) so the customer is dissatisfied (1)• Some apps cost money (1) and so Animated World Books will be charged (1)

38. Animated World Books is installing a new operating system (OS) and utility software. What is the purpose of these software? p25• manages the hardware• allows software to be run on the computer for users to carry out tasks.• Operating systems nowadays usually have graphical user interfaces (GUis) and include:- Android developed by the Open Handset Alliance led by Google, used in smartphones, tablets, netbooks, laptops and desktop computers.- Apple OS X and iOS

- Linux, which is an open-source operating system used in smartphones, tablets, netbooks, laptops and desktop computers. It has also been used in mobile phones, televisions, TV set-top boxes, routers and video game consoles.- Microsoft Windows, used in smartphones, tablets, netbooks, laptops and desktop computers.

39. Certain staff are allowed access to certain parts of the building. How is this achieved? p47Badges with RFID tags can be used to control where staff are allowed to access. Changing the data on the RFID tag will allow staff access to different areas.Employees who work from home may be based anywhere in the world40. How can employees ensure his email communications are clear and understood? p61; p62; p63An email is made up of two parts - the header and the body:• The body is the main contents of the email.• The header contains:o From: the email address of the sender of the emailo To: the email address(es) of the person(s) the email is being sent too Subject a brief summary of the contents of the emailo Date: the rime and dare the email was sento Attachment where any files are shownThere are some rules (netiquette) which should always be followed when using email. Some of these are:• use an appropriate subject line• follow the agreed email policy within the business• check the message content before hitting the send button• include a signature on any business emails• be polite• write in normal English with abbreviations used carefully• do not write in capital letters• check if the email should be replied to all the sending list or just the person the email was originally from• when sending an attachment with an email, mention in the email body that there are file(s) attached• tell people the format of any attachments you send if they’re anything other than standard, e.g. Microsoft Office file types

41. Explain how the use of ICT by Animated World Books increases its efficiency as a business pNotInBook• The quality of service• The ability to respond to changes• The time taken to respond• The ability to fill all responsibilities• Economic impacts (efficient use of resources)

Catherine works as a project manager for Animated World Books. Her job is to oversee new ideas from the initial design stage, when ideas about new characters and stories are discussed, through to the creation of the assets for use in finished cartoons

42. What type of file format would be suitable for saving the animated cartoons? p44GIF

43. What factors affect the choice of file format? p45• the file contents• how best to store the contents• which software application has created the file• how the user intends to use the file

44. What type of input device could be used to convert sketches into a digital image on the computer? p14Scanner

45. What type of storage device would be suitable for storage the assets which will be used in the finished cartoons? p18• Hard disk (which use magnetic disks) can store huge amounts of data• Solid State Drives (which use flash memory) are more reliable than Hard disk Drives• An optical drive eg. Blu-ray – Blu-ray disks can store very large amounts of data

46. How can Animated World Books ensure they do not break the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act when using software to create the assets? p73Ensure each piece of software has been bought by Animated World Books with a licence to install it on the number of PCS running the software and they should not make copies of the software.Catherine is also responsible for publicising new characters and storylines to trade publications and the wider public47. When publishing the new characters and storylines explain three actions that Catherine must take in order to comply with the Copyright,Designs and Patents Act? p73• Check whether copyright applies to an image (1) as some images might not be copyright free (1)• Seek permission to use the image (before using it) (1) from the copyright holder/the artist (1)• Check whether the image is recognisable (1) as unrecognisable tracks are not covered (1)• Acknowledge the image/original artist (1) any acceptable method (1)• Payment of fees (1) if requested (1)• Purchase the image (1) ensuring it’s a legal copy (1)• Copyright holder may place conditions/may say no (1) which they have to follow (1)To fit in with Animated World Book’s high-technology image, Catherine is expected to make as much use of new technology as she can in her publicity

48. How could Catherine make use of matrix barcodes? p43Matrix bar codes (two-dimensional bar codes) are often called QR codes and hold more data than a conventional bar code. As they can be

QR codes can be read by a smartphone using a free app, she could create one which links directly to the products she sells on a website or app.She has recently been looking at how smartphone apps can be used to advertise new products49. What is an ‘app’? Not In BookApp is short for application - this can be any type of computer program. Applications have been around for as long as computers, but the term 'app' is associated with the software that runs on a smartphone or tablet device.

50. What could Catherine include in her app? p35; pNotInBook• Some smartphones have GPS tracking built in so she could offer location-based discounts• There could be links to the company’s social networking websites• There could be a way to contact her• There could be an online calendar to book a meeting

51. Catherine will use her own smartphone to make phone calls, send text messages and receive her work schedule. Describe two other ways she could use her smartphone to help them with her work p6; p11• Use the in-built digital camera to take photographs/record video• Finding the location of and directions to a customer’s house• Make video conferencing calls using VoIP• View/download emails whilst on the move• Browse the world wide web

52. Identify two input methods that the customers can use to enter information onto a smartphone p25• Stylus (or equivalent) (1)• Voice (1)• Buttons (1)• Keyboard/Keypad/Type (1)• (Download) from the internet (1)• (Transfer) from a computer (1)• Touch/Swipe (1)• Camera (1)

53. Identify two output devices that may be found on the customers’’ smartphones p16; p17• Display/screen (1)• Speaker (1)• Vibration mechanism or equivalent (1)• Light/Torch (1)

54. Catherine publishes her app online and noticed that she has had a negative review from a customer who has downloaded it. She has decided to use the details included on the app review to contact the customer to discuss their review. Explain two reasons why it would be morally wrong for her to do this p74

• Feedback has been gathered to try to help the business (1) and the customer does not expect to have to justify their comment/face aggression (1)• The customer does not expect it (1) because there was no indication that their details would be passed on (1)• Personal contact details are private (1) and should only be used for the purpose for which they were collected/Marcus has accessed details which should have been kept secure (1)• It is a form of harassment (1) and the customer will be upset/intimidated/scared (1)

Scenario 2 Potential AnswersHe has his own website, from which he sells some of his own artwork55. Identify one input device that could be used to enter text onto the website p10; p13• Mouse (1)• Keyboard (1)• Microphone (1)• Touch screen (1)56. How would customers know that their data is being encrypted? p48• A secure website will show a small padlock and will use https instead of http in the URL to show that it is using encryption57. State two ways in which the artwork, once created, could be manipulated to make it suitable for use on the website. p50• Compressing digital video and audio files to make them small enough to be streamed over low bandwidth connections allows them to be played on smartphones and other portable devices. However, highly-compressed video and audio is poor quality and only suitable for small devices.• Image formats that can be compressed are: JPG (lossy), GIF (lossless). PNG (lossless)• Lossy compression compresses by discarding data that is thought to be unnecessary so there would be some loss in the quality of the image when compressed for the website; Lossless compression compresses by breaking the file down into smaller parts for storage then putting them back together again when opened and there would be no loss in the quality of the image when compressed but the file would be larger• The person creating the website would have to make a decision of quality and speed of download

58. John, a new customer, must set up an account by completing a form on the website before he can place an order. To do this, he will need to choose a username and enter the country where he lives. p34; p40

c. Explain why each username used on the Animated World Books website must be unique

Each username must be unique:• So that system knows who each person is (1) and they won’t be confused with others/so delivery goes to the correct person (1)• To enable the system to identify each user (1) and to enable it to match the username to the account’s password (1)

d. Explain how the form could make sure that John can enter only a valid country nameHow the form could make sure that John can enter only a valid country name:

• Require John to select from a drop down list (or equivalent) (1) and set the form to only accept answers from that list/not allow any other answers (1)

59. Animated World Books is considering creating a community section on its website. Discuss the implications for Animated World Books of including a community section on its website p57; p74; p80• Legal implications (eg possible action from owners of copyright)• Security implications (eg need for secure systems/increased security)• Impact on organisation (eg costs of setting up systems and resolving problems caused by inappropriate use)• Commercial implications (eg it could increase interest in the business and sales of its products)• Means of communication (not advertising)60. What can be used to by criminals on public computers to steal passwords or credit card information when customers are typing these details into the website? p75; p80Key loggers

61. How could Richard make use of cookies and electronic consumer surveillance to generate more income? p76Cookies:• A cookie is a 'text file' which usually contains a site name and unique user ID - they are downloaded the first time a website is accessed• Richard could make the cookieo record items they have saved in their shopping basket so they might buy next time they visito create a marketing list or target special offers based on their previous browsing or shopping habits.• The use of cookies to collect and store personal information without permission is not legal in the UK without permission so he mustallow the customers agree to download the cookie

Electronic consumer surveillance:• The website could allocating points to the a loyalty card when a customer buys artwork• The customer could convert points into vouchers at regular intervals• The customer could spend, save or exchange the vouchers for goods or serv1ces

Customers who wish to purchase artwork from Richard can express an interest by filling in a data capture form on his website62. What type of software would Richard’s customers view this data capture form in? p28Web browser

63. What type of application software would be most suitable to use to create this form? pNotInBookWeb authoring/design or he could code it in HTML

64. State one output device that would be used to create a hard copy of this form p16

Printer, possibly laser if it was a large number of forms being printer as this type of printer can print large volumes quickly

65. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of using an online form rather than customers expressing an interest on paper? p41Advantages• Using an online form allows data to be entered directly into a database without the need to check a paper form, read it through and then copy the data into a database.• Online forms can be constructed to include validation checks so they are likely to be more accurate and reduce the possibility of human error• Online forms can contain features that speed up/ease data entry and are clear to read• Online forms can conduct a presence check to ensure the necessary data is completed• There are no paper forms left lying around for others to see or to be disposed ofDisadvantages• Customers may fail to complete an online form later• Customers require an internet connection to complete the form• If the form asked for any kind of feedback answers on an online form may be more honest

66. Explain one possible disadvantage caused by using a paper-based form to capture the information Richard needs p41• A paper-based form cannot validate the customers email address to check they have entered it correctly• Paper based requires a pen (1) and Animated World Books would have to provide a pen (1)• Paper and/or ink (either answer) is damaged by liquid (1)• Ink could be smudged if becomes wet (1) and someone could spill liquid (1)• It could be lost (1) if data is collected by Richard whilst he is travelling (1)• People may not write clearly (1) and so Richard will be unable to read the writing (1)• It will be dark (1) and so people would not be able to see (1)

67. Richard has created a user form on his website which people can fill in and submit if they want further information. What are all the features of a user form and what is their purpose? p40• text field – the user can type directly into this (1) to add free text (1)• drop down menus to force a single choice from• pre-set selection of choices• boxes to force a yes or no response• a single character text box for each letter of a name• radio buttons – the user can click to select (1) one option of a group (1)• validation rules to make sure that the data meets specific requirements or that all specific questions have to be answered before theuser can move to the next question68. Explain why the use of data validation could improve the effectiveness of the data that is submitted on these forms? P38By restricting the type of data (1) that is entered, the data is more likely to be the data you need (for the calculation/ for the analysis/to identify the request) (1)

• presence check - ensures that data is actually entered by the user• data type check - ensures that the data is the correct type• format or picture check - ensures that the data is in the correct format• range check - ensures that the data is within set limits• character check - ensures that only allowed characters can be entered and others are rejected

69. Explain the role of data verification in data capture p38Verification checks that data is entered exactly as it is shown on the original data capture sheet. Verification can be done by:• Visual check - to see if the data in the computer system is the same as that on the original questionnaire• Double entry - data is entered twice, by different operators, for large amounts of data, so the computer system can check one set against the other. If any differences are found, the computer system will report the differences to the operators. Double entry can also be used, for instance, when the same individual enters a new password into an online form

70. What types of data might the input form include? p37• Text – any character• Integer – whole number• Real numbers (floats) – numbers with decimal places• Date – date/time• Boolean - true or false eg. M or F, Yes or No• Image – a graphic file

71. Design a suitable online data capture form. Marks will be awarded for: items to be included; good use of space; fitness for purpose; annotations to justify decisions. p40This is how this question would be marked:• Items to be included (Max 2)• More than one relevant item (1) or all relevant items included (2):o Customer salutation, forename and surnameo Customer telephone numbero Customer email addresso Name of artwork they wish to purchase• Online form items (Max 2)o Submit (1)o Any other form control (1) eg Drop-down box Radio button Text box• Well laid out form (1)o Fitness for purpose (Max 2, No marks available for fitness for purpose, if clearly not an online form)

o Title or other instructions (1)o Could be used as an online form (1)

72. The results of the input form get stored in a database. Why is data coded in a database and give an example of what it would look like? p37• To save space in a spreadsheet or database file, data can be coded eg. Y or N instead of Yes or No• Every item in a database is given a code that can be searched for or sorted into order• Data such as ‘red animated car’ is more complicated than a code such as ‘ani_car_red’ and takes longer to process.

73. Once the data has been collected, which law protects the customers’ rights on how the data should be stored and used by Richard and name some of the principles of the law? p72• Data Protection Act (1998)o The 8 principles are that personal data (any information about a living individual) must: be fairly and lawfully processed be processed for limited purposes be adequate, relevant and not excessive be accurate and up to date not be kept for longer than is necessary be processed in line with your rights be kept secure not be transferred to other countries outside of the European Economic Area that do not have adequate data protection• Data Subject - The person the data is being stored about• Data User The person who needs to access or use the data as part of their job.• Data Controller - This is the person who needs to apply for permission to collect and store data.• Information Commissioner – This is the person who enforces the DPA

74. Customers who purchase artwork have hard copies sent in the post which is sent by a tracked delivery service. The delivery person scans the package before the customer signs to acknowledge that they have received the package.a. Describe how a barcode reader captures the data stored in the barcode p14• The barcode reader scans/ is passed over the barcode (1)• Shines a light onto the code (1)• The barcode reader measures the intensity of light (reflected) (1)• As it passes over a line of black and white bars (of varying width) (1)• Measures the gaps between (black) bars (1)• Converts this data into a code (1).

b. Describe how the customer’s signature could be entered onto the hand-held computer p25The customer can write (directly) onto the (touch) screen (1) using a stylus/their finger etc (1)

c. Describe how the Global Positioning System (GPS) locates the position of an individual delivery driver p25; p35• Remember 4:o Works with satellites (1)o Receives/detects signals (1)o The time taken (for the signal) to reach the device is calculated (1)o The time taken to reach the device is compared to the location from where the signal was sent (1)o Requires uninterrupted line of sight (1)o Requires a minimum of four satellites (1)d. The delivery company uses RFID technology to track the movement of the artwork as it is deliveredi. Describe how RFID technology would track the movement of package p43• Remember 3:o RFID tag placed on a parcel (1)o RFID tags transmit a unique signal (1)o This signal is unique (1)o These are picked up by receiver (1)o Packages can be located (1)ii. Explain how cost would influence the decision about whether to adopt RFID technology p43• Remember 2:o If the technology/reader is too expensive(1) then it will not be introduced (1)o Lots of tags are needed (1) which is too expensive (1)o Lost products cost the delivery company (1) RFID tags reduce the chance of loss (1)o The delivery company will weigh up the cost against the benefit (1). If this is positive, they will buy (1).

75. Give a reason why Richard gets the data capture form to add a number to each submission Not In BookEach submission would have a unique number

76. One of Richard’s customers gets this email:

a. Identify four reasons why this email is suspicious p80• Poor spelling/ example of poor spelling, such as 2U (1)• Poor grammar/example of poor grammar, such as Please attention! (1)

• Large prize/ mention of $650million as the prize (1)• Request for bank details (1)• Request to download/open an attachment (1)• Misspelling in email address/example of misspelling of email address, such as animationworldbooks not animatedworldbooks (1)• Unusual email address/example of unusual email address such as @czgt.com (1)• No name on the letter (1)

b. Identify one action, other than contacting Animated World Books, that the customer should take in response to this email p80• Delete email (1)• Do not act on contents (1)• Do not open the attachment (1)• Contact/inform bank (1)• Mark as spam (1)• Report to actionfraud.co.uk/police (1)

When he is not working for Animated World Books or on his own artwork, Richard travels to get new ideas for stories and illustrations77. How could Catherine make sure of cloud computing? p50• Instead of purchasing software applications she could use online applications eg. online graphics manipulation software and online office software to manage the business negating the need to purchase higher specification computers to process images• She could store her data using online file storage and the company hosting the file servers is responsible for ensuring that theCatherine’s data is kept safe and secure which is cost-effective for her business if it is small as she might not have her own server

78. State the type of portable storage would be suitable for Richard to store his artwork, stories and illustrations whilst travelling p18; p19• He could use a portable solid state drive as they are more robust as they do not have any moving parts• He could use an optical device already built into his laptop eg. a DVD writer• He could use flash memory drives if the files were small enough collectively

79. What are the potential issues of Richard travelling around the world with customer data on his laptop? p78• It could become lost, corrupted or stolen as he could leave it in an airport lounge or might not have a safe where he is staying

80. Explain why Richard encrypts the personal data that he holds p84Data encryption software encrypts data so that only users with the unlock code/secret key

81. How could Richard make use of DMS (Diary Management Software) p64; p65

• The DMS can be open (allows anyone to access it) or closed (only invited people can access it) and then access rights can be open(people can only view it) or closed (people would be able to view, add or amend the facilities of the DMS)• check that everyone who is needed can attend an appointment/meeting• make sure that appointments/meetings do not clash• set reminders to make sure that meetings/appointments are not missed• plan and track the progress of team projects• allocate tasks to different members of the team• communicate with each other to make sure that all tasks are completed• share files and documents which are needed during the project

82. Discuss how the use of features of online calendars could help Richard in managing this time and avoid the need to cancel meetingsNot In Book• Search facility• Ability to access from anywhere• Online calendars include a messaging system• Bookings have been cancelled because either Richard or the customer was unaware of the other/clashing booking.• Bookings have been cancelled because DJs have forgotten to attend.• Online calendars can be shared between two users, both of whom can add to and view bookings• Online calendars allow the user to add coloured/keyed blocks to show what the time block is for• Reminders can be set up for events• Reminders can be set to go off at different stages before an event• Notes can be added to events/blocks

83. How will Richard connect to the internet whilst mobile or travelling? p32; p49He could use a wi-fi hotspot but he could also either use his smartphone, connected to a 3G or 4G network. He could use a dongle if he is not allowed to tether his internet connection form his smartphone. He needs to be aware of mobile roaming charges and should consider a local SIM card.

84. Explain two possible reasons why Richard might prefer to use a graphics tablet rather than a mouse when creating digital graphics• The graphics tablet uses a stylus/pen shaped tool (or equivalent) (1) and so is more like a real drawing experience (1)• Because a graphics tablet is more accurate/precise(than a mouse) (1) and so offers greater control (1)• Because a graphics tablet includes specialist software (1) with extra features (1)• Because graphics tablets are more responsive pressure sensitive (1), therefore increased pressure can be used to increase line thickness (1)• A more ergonomic tool (1) therefore less chance of injury (1)

• Device is specific for the purpose (1) so will have more suitable features (or examples) than a mouse

85. The Office Controller would like to monitor the amount of time Richard spends on his travel. She is going to use spreadsheet software for this purpose. Describe features of spreadsheet software that make it suitable for to monitor the amount of time Richard travels. Not In Book• Monitor via observation or calculation eg.o SUM to add up the total time taken• FORMATTING/CONDITIONAL FORMATTING to identify issues, highlight information• GRAPHING to present timings for comparison

86. Richard connects to open networks whilst traveling. What are the potential issues with using an open network and what could he install which would still allow internet access but block unauthorised devices? p83A firewall controls what data can and cannot pass through it.

When he sees something that he finds interesting, he uses his smartphone to take a photograph of the item87. What are the advantages and disadvantages of Richard carrying a smartphone around to take photographs? p9He is at risk of it being stolen as it may be seen as valuable to criminals

88. What legal implications should Richard be aware of when taking pictures with his smartphone Not In Book• The subject's consent is usually needed for publishing a photograph of an identifiable individual taken in a private place• Some public places also have bylaws preventing commercial photography, such as in Trafalgar Square, Parliament Square and someRoyal Parks• If you’re not taking photos for commercial gain or causing an obstruction, you’re unlikely to be restricted bur Richard might be taking for commercial reasons (it may be hard to tell if he is using a smartphone camera)• There are some ‘prohibited public places’, which it is an offence to take photos of (such as factories, dockyards and mines owned by the Crown• If Richard is travelling he needs to be aware of the laws of the country he visits89. What peripherals might Richard use with his smartphone? p30He could connect a printer, scanner or solar-powered charger (NOT mains charger)Richard will sometimes use social media to share the image with his friends and customers.90. Other than social media, what other communication methods could Richard use to communicate with his friends and customers? p57; p58; p60• Voice telephones• SMS• Instant Messaging• Email• Chatrooms• Forums• Bulletin boars

• Voice Over Internet Protocol• Blogs• Video conferencing• Webcams

91. What are the advantages of disadvantages of social networking? p82• People using social networking and blog sites need to be careful about the personal information, e.g. date of birth, address, they put on these sites• The information can be deleted but there is no control over how it is stored, copied or archived. Identity thieves can piece together a person's identity from a variety of sources to get all the details they need

92. When sharing his image via social media what are the legal implications for Richard and other people who see the image? p82If he took the picture then he owns the rights to it, unless it was taken on private land or somewhere photographs cannot be taken for commercial purposes. He might choose to place a Creative Commons licence on the image to explain to people who see the picture what the copyright restrictions he has placed on it. If it contains someone face and they ask him to remove it from social media he should do so or could face legal action.At other times, he will only share it with colleagues from Animated World Books93. Describe one method which could be used to transfer the image from Richard’s computer to his colleagues via a wired, wireless method as well as via the internet p30, p31; p50Wired method:• FireWire is a high-speed connection similar to USB and mainly used for connecting storage devices and transferring digital video• FireWire hardware is more expensive than that for USB so is not used so oftenWireless method:• If the image is small enough you could transfer via Bluetooth• If the image is small enough you could transfer via infra-red (weakest answer)Internet:• If the image is small enough you could email the image as an attachment• Peer-to-peer file sharing file sharing is used to transfer a file directly from one device to another without using a file server

94. Identify one security measure that Richard could use to prevent unauthorised people reading the article he sends to his colleagues via the internet Not In Book• Password protect the file• Restrict access to folder

95. Describe two features of word processing software that his colleagues can use the collaborative editing tools in a word processing package to do this efficiently so to provide Richard with feedback• Tracked changes (1) which shows any changes that his colleagues have made (1)

• Add comments (1) by clicking on the comments tool/which are callouts (which include comments)/which go in coloured boxes on the side of the page (1)• Emphasised text (or example) (1) by clicking the coloured pencil/bold (or equivalent) (1)• Ink tools/layer (or equivalent) (1) to annotate text (1)