Mr. Sanchez7th Grade Science

Rio Hondo Middle School

Name:_________________Date:________Period:_____

The Cells and Organelles

Eukaryotes: Eukaryotes are organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within membranes, unlike prokaryotes. Examples: Animal and Plant Cells.

Prokaryotes: a unicellular organism that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus, mitochondria, or any other membrane-bound organelle. Example: Bacteria Cells

Cell membrane: Controls what enters and leaves the cell.

Cytoplasm: Surrounds and Supports the Organelles.

Ribosomes: Make Proteins for the cell.

Nucleus: Controls cell activities. “Brain of the Cell.”Nucleolus: Makes ribosomes.

Nuclear Membrane: decides what goes in and out of the nucleus. Chromatin: DNA

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum: Processes molecules and makes proteins; contains ribosomes.

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum: transports proteins and breaks down drugs in cell. Produces lipids. (Fats) Has NO RIBOSOMES.

Golgi Apparatus: packages, modifies and transports materials.

Mitochondria: the “PowerHouse” of the cell. Makes ATP energy!

Cell Wall: Offers additional protection and shape to the cell. PLANT CELLS ONLY!!

Vacuole: Stores material such as food and water. Vacuole in Plant Cells are much larger than in animal cells.

Chloroplast: Makes glucose from sunlight. PLANT CELL ONLY!!