What is a fact?A fact is something that is indisputable true. It can be proven with evidence or experience. It is something that is certain and specific.

Example:The sun is very hot.

Explanation:Nobody would argue differently. There is scientific evidence that the temperature of the sun is over 10 million degrees! This is of course extremely hot and the statement is proven fact. However, one should not be fooled into thinking something is fact.

Questions you may ask to verify facts • Is the person speaking has anything to gain from telling you certain things. • Are the 'facts' in anyway trying to persuade you? • Is this 'fact' proven by others? • Do you trust the person speaking?

These are all valid question some might ask or think before taking someone else's word on being factual.

What is an opinion?An opinion demonstrates Ideas, feeling and thoughts. Opinions change from person to person and don't need to backed up by evidence. This is something that you freely think about.

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Example:

OPINIONS cannot be proven , however, they can be supportedby facts and other knowledgeable opinions. FACTS can be provenwith evidence, statistics, records, photographs, data, etc.

Brad Pitt is a handsome man.

Explanation:There is no evidence stating that everyone thinks Brad Pitt is handsome. Some people might think he is unattractive or even ugly. It is an idea or feeling from someone and it doesn't have to be agreeable by everyone or verified.

Ways to check if it is an opinion1. use of adverbs and adjectives

handsome, ugly, gorgeous, delicious. These words can be used to describe many things but not everyone might agree that your sandwich is 'delicious.' So

therefore it's an opinion.

2. Often opinions will have other indicator such as: I believe, I think, In my opinion, etc.Of course if you hear these phrases being used, it is quite apparent someone is

stating an opinion.

Key points

A fact is something that is indisputably true. It can be proven with evidence or experience. It is something that is certain or specific.

An opinion demonstrates ideas, feeling and thoughts. Opinions change from person to person and do not need to be backed up by evidence. This is something that you freely think about.

2

EXERCISE 1. Directions: Read each statement. Look up words you don't know. Write FACT on the left if you can prove or disprove the statement with concrete

evidence. Write OPINION if the statement is a belief or a position.

Name: _____________________________________ Date: ________________

STATEMENTS FACT OR OPINION

1. Wolves are highly social animals with a pack structure based on dominance hierarchy. 2. Wolves are an endangered or threatened species in the lower 48 states because of deliberate and systematic extermination by humans.3. Wolves and wolf hybrids are not wise choices as family pets.4. Many tourists have reacted positively to the experience of seeing wolves in Yellowstone National Park.5. Wolves should be reintroduced to all U.S. public lands that provide a large enough range to support a population.6. Captive breeding programs and Species Survival Plans are necessary to keep the red wolf (Canis Rufus) and the Mexican wolf ( a subspecies of Canis Lupis) from becoming extinct.7. Wolves are often portrayed as villains and savage predators in stories, myths and legend.8. Stories, myths and legends that portray wolves in negative ways are harmful to children.9. Wolves sometimes kill livestock.10.Wolves will return to their former habitats in North Eastern states on their own if they are protected.

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EXERCISE 2. Directions: Read each sentence below. Write fact in the blank if it is a fact. Write an opinion in the blank if it is opinion.

1. Blue is the prettiest color. ___________________ 2. Sarah went to the store on Monday. ___________________

3. A camel is a mammal. ___________________ 4. Spinach tastes great. ___________________

5. Everyone should go to the movies on Friday. ___________________ 6. Theresa’s dog is a poodle. ___________________ 7. Bears are very interesting. ___________________ 8. Jake is the best baseball player. ___________________ 9. George Washington was the first president of the United States. ________

10. Picnics are better in the summer. ___________________ 11. Soccer is a dumb game. ___________________

12. The earth has a north and south pole. ___________________ 13. Cheetahs can run faster than horses.

___________________ 14. George Washington was the greatest president of the United States________

15. Red shoes are better than white shoes. ___________________ 16. Tuesday comes after Monday. _____________________

17. Spiders are creepy. ___________________ 18. January is the worst month of the year. ___________________

19. Dogs have a better sense of smell than humans. ___________________ 20. Halloween is in October. __________________

_______________http://www.k12reader.com/fact-and-opinion/is_it_fact_or_opinion.pdf

EXERCISE 3. Directions: Read each statement and decide if it is a fact or an opinion.

http://www.enchantedlearning.com/factoropinion/index.shtml

EXERCISE 4. Directions: Read each statement and decide if it is a fact or an opinion.

STATEMENT Fact or Opinion1. Spiders have eight legs.2. Spiders are strange.3. Mammals have hair.4. Not all birds can fly.5. Turtles are the best pets.6. Pandas are black and white.7. Zoos are more fun than museums.8. Dinosaurs are extinct.9. Giraffes are tall.10. Fish breathe through gills.11. Insects have six legs.12. Cats are better than dogs.13. Bats are nocturnal.14. Farms are fun.15. Cows eat grass.16. Groundhogs hibernate over winter.17. Crocodiles have too many teeth.18. Whales live in the sea.19. Cows are the most useful animal.20. Penguins are the cutest bird.

http://www.enchantedlearning.com/factoropinion/butterfly/index.shtml

EXERCISE 5. Directions: Read each statement and then circle whether it is a fact or opinion. Explain your answer

1. The fastest land dwelling creature is the Cheetah. Fact or Opinion Explain: _____________________________________

2. Michael Jordan has a career average of 30.4 points per game. Fact or Opinion Explain: _____________________________________3. George Washington was the first President of the United States under the

Constitution. Fact or opinion , Explain: ___________________________________

4. The ugliest sea creature is the manatee. Fact or Opinion Explain: __________________________________________

STATEMENT Fact or Opinion1. All butterflies have six legs.2. The caterpillar is the larval form of a butterfly.3. Moths and butterflies are closely related.4. All butterflies have two antennae.5. I hope some butterflies don't go extinct.6. All butterflies have three pairs of legs.7. Caterpillars are nicer than worms.8. Butterflies and moths are insects.9. The biggest butterfly is the Queen Alexandra butterfly.10. Butterflies are cute.11. Butterflies undergo metamorphosis.12. Caterpillars eat leaves.13. Silk is made from the cocoons of the silkworm, which is a moth.14. People shouldn't kill and collect butterflies.15. Monarchs are the prettiest butterfly.16. All butterflies have a hard exoskeleton.17. Butterflies begin life as an egg.18. Some butterflies migrate over long distances.19. Adult butterflies drink through a straw-like

proboscis.20. All butterflies have a three-part body, with

head, abdomen and thorax.

5. Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player of all time. Fact or OpinionExplain: ___________________________________________

6. There seems to be too much standardized testing in public schools. Fact or OpinionExplain: ___________________________________________

7. Prison is one of the worst places on the planet. Fact or OpinionExplain: ___________________________________________

8. It is wrong for people under the age of 21 to drink alcohol. Fact or Opinion Explain: ________________________________________________

9. Sister Carrie was written by Theodore Dreiser. Fact or OpinionExplain: ________________________________________________

10. Lord of the Rings: Return of the King won eleven Oscars (Academy Awards). Fact or OpinionExplain: ______________________________________________________

http://www.ereadingworksheets.com/reading-worksheets/fact-and-opinion-worksheet.pdf6

NAME:_______________________________ DATE: _____________

EXERCISE 6. Directions: Write O if the statement is an OPINION and F if the statement is a FACT.

_____ 1. Dogs are my favorite kind of animal. _____ 2. Dogs come in many different breeds. ______ 3. I think my dog is the best dog of all._____ 4. I think elephants are the heaviest animal._____ 5. Elephants eat grass, small branches and bark._____ 6. Blue is my favorite color._____ 7. Blue is the color of the sky._____ 8. Roses are the nicest smelling flower._____ 9. Roses have thorny stems. _____ 10. The sun is actually a star._____ 11. Bats are nocturnal mammals._____ 12. Bats look very scary and mean._____ 13. I think it will rain today._____ 14. Chocolate milk tastes great!______15. The milk we drink comes from cows.______16. I think my friend plays the piano._____ 17. The Hurricanes won 6-0 last weekend.______18. My school is the best school

______19. I love to play outdoors.______20. It is raining hard outside today._____ 21. Without the sun, earth could not support life._____ 22. Earth orbits the sun every 365 days._____ 23. I think tomorrow will be a sunny day._____ 24. My favorite season is the fall._____ 25. The piano has 88 ivory keys.

_______________________________http://worksheetplace.com/mf_pdf/Fact-or-Opinion-2.pdf

http://worksheetplace.com/mf_pdf/Fact-or-Opinion-1.pdf

7NAME:_______________________________ DATE: _____________

EXERCISE 7. Directions: State your opinion about the following and provide a reason why:

1. All cars should be painted bright yellow. __________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________ 2. All students should be in bed by 7:00 PM.

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________ 3. All students should wear school uniforms.

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________ 4. Every student should have a laptop computer.

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________ 5. Students shouldn’t have to go to school on their birthdays.

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________http://worksheetplace.com/mf_pdf/Fact-or-Opinion-9.pdf

NAME:_______________________________ DATE: _____________

EXERCISE 6. Directions: State your opinion about the following and provide a reason why:

A. Write 3 facts about your family:1. _____________________________2. _____________________________3. _____________________________

B. Write 3 opinions about your family:1. _____________________________2. _____________________________3. _____________________________

8C. Write3 facts about yourself:

1. ________________________________2. ________________________________3. ________________________________

D. Write 3 opinions about yourself:1. ________________________________2. ________________________________3. ________________________________

http://worksheetplace.com/mf_pdf/Fact-or-Opinion-5.pdf

Post TestDirection:

1. Which of the following best describes a fact

a. The feelings of the main character

 b. Something that can be proven.

 c. Something that can't be proven

 d. How much the main character likes something.

2. Which of the following best describes an opinion?

 a. A person who can prove something

 b. Making a good choice

 c. A person's thoughts or feelings about something

 d. Something that can be proven

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3. Which of the following is an opinion?

 a. Todd is wearing a blue tie.

 b. Gary was unhappy that his team lost.

 c. Sheila woke up at 7:30 in the morning

 d. Jose won the race at field day.

4. Which of the following is a fact?

 a. I'm the smartest student in the fifth grade

 b. I received a 98% on the reading test

 c. Reading is very easy

 d. Gary Paulsen is my favorite author.

Read the following paragraph to answer questions 5 and 6.

Andrew's mother and father unloaded the van after the family returned from the soccer tournament. Andrew was exhausted from playing in all eight

games over the weekend. Andrew wasn't helping, because he ran inside the house to call his grandparents to tell them about the games. He had won a trophy for being the most valuable player, and his team had won all of their games. He scored at least two goals in each of the games. He was extremely excited.

5. Which of these sentences is NOT a fact stated in the paragraph?

 a. Andrew won a trophy at the soccer tournament.

 b. Andrew scored at least 2 goals in every game.

 c. Andrew was exhausted, but excited about the tournament.

 d. Andrew's team won all of their games in the tournament

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6. Which of these sentences is an opinion stated in the paragraph?

 a. Andrew was exhausted, but excited about the tournament.

 b. Andrew's parents unloaded the van after the tournament.

 c. Andrew called his grandparents to tell them about the tournament.

 d. Andrew's team won the tournament

Read the following paragraph to answer questions 7 and 8.

Steve, Raphael, Karen, and I all went to the movies last Friday night. Steve had picked the movie, because it was his birthday. He really likes comedies, so we chose one that starred his favorite comedian. We made it just in time, because the movie was starting in fifteen minutes. We got really great seats. They were in the middle of the theater, fourteen rows from the front. Steve and Karen laughed through the entire movie. They just loved it! Raphael and I didn't think it was funny at all. The only thing Raphael and I thought was funny was when Steve laughed so hard that he spilled his popcorn all over Karen.

7. Which of the following is NOT a fact stated in the paragraph?

 a. Steve spilled his popcorn on Karen

 b. Steve, Raphael, Karen and I went to the movies last Friday night.

 c. We has seats in the front row of the theater

 d. It was Steve's birthday, so he chose the movie

8. Which of the following is an opinion stated in the paragraph?

 a. Steve's favorite comedian was in the movie

 b. Steve spilled his popcorn on Karen.

 c. It was Steve's birthday, so he chose the movie

 d. Steve and Karen loved the movie.

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Read the passage below to answer questions 9 and 10.

The best amendment that was passed by congress was the 19th amendment. It states that, "the rights of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied

or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex." I think that all women should be proud and vote in every election. It wasn't so long ago, that wicked men prevented the most intelligent sex in America from voting!

9. Which of the following sentences from above are not opinions?

 a. The best amendment that was passed by congress was the 19th amendment.

 b. It wasn't so long ago, that wicked men prevented the most intelligent sex in America from voting!

 c. I think that all women should be proud and vote in every election.

 d. It states that, "the rights of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on

account of sex."

10. Which of the following are not opinion words from the passage above?

 a. best

 b. I think

 c. most intelligent

 d. It states

_____________________

REFERENCES:http://www.k12reader.com/fact-and-opinion/is_it_fact_or_opinion.pdfhttp://worksheetplace.com/mf_pdf/Fact-or-Opinion-5.pdfhttp://worksheetplace.com/mf_pdf/Fact-or-Opinion-2.pdf

12 http://worksheetplace.com/mf_pdf/Fact-or-Opinion-1.pdf

http://worksheetplace.com/mf_pdf/Fact-or-Opinion-9.pdf http://www.ereadingworksheets.com/reading-worksheets/fact-and-opinion-

worksheet.pdfhttp://www.enchantedlearning.com/factoropinion/butterfly/index.shtmlhttp://www.enchantedlearning.com/factoropinion/index.shtmlhttp://www.k12reader.com/fact-and-opinion/is_it_fact_or_opinion.pdfEnglish 8 Overcoming Challenges module 3 pp. 377http://www.shsu.edu/txcae/Powerpoints/prepostest/fact1postest.html

KEY ANSWERS

Exercise 1- p. 3 Exercise 2- p. 41. Fact 6. Opinion 1. opinion 6. Fact 11. Opinion 16. Fact2. Fact 7. Fact 2. fact 7. Opinion 12. Fact 17. Opinion3. Opinion 8. Opinion 3. Fact 8. Opinion 13. fact 18. opinion4. Opinion 9. Fact 4. opinion 9. fact 14. opinion 19. fact5. Opinion 10. Opinion 5. opinion 10. opinion 15. opinion 20. fact

Exercise 3- p. 4-51. Fact 6. Fact 11. Opinion 16. 2. Opinion 7. Opinion 12. Opinion 17. Fact3. Fact 8. Opinion 13. Fact 18. Fact4. Fact 9. Fact 14. Opinion 19. Opinion5. Opinion 10.Fact 15. Fact 20. Opinion

Exercise 4- p. 5-61. Fact 6. Opinion 11. Fact 16. Opinion2. Fact 7. Opinion 12. Fact 17. Fact3. Opinion 8. Fact 13. Fact 18. Fact4. Fact 9. Fact 14. Fact 19. Opinion5. Opinion 10. Opinion 15. Fact 20. Fact

13Exercise 5- p. 6

1. Fact 6. Opinion2. Fact 7. Opinion3. Opinion 8. Opinion4. Opinion 9. Fact5. Opinion 10.fact

Exercise 6- p. 7 Post Test 9 - 121. F 6. F 11. F 16. O 21. F 1. B 6. A2. F 7. F 12. O 17. F 22. F 2. C 7. D3. O 8. O 13. O 18. O 23. O 3. C 8. D4. O 9. F 14. O 19. O 24. F 4. D 9. A and D5. F 10.F 15. F 20. F 25. O 5. c 10. D

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Relevant information supports and validates while irrelevant information deviates from the topic.

So what is Irrelevant Information?

Irrelevant information are facts or statements that do NOT answer the question or are NOT on topic.

Example 1: Topic - Astronomy

Relevant - The study of the universe is called astronomy.Irrelevant- Good readers ask questions while they read.

Although reading is important this statement is NOT on the topic of astronomy; therefore, it is irrelevant.

Example 2: Now you try it!

If you are writing a report on energy, the following statements are relevant.

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We use energy to do work for us. Examples of renewable energy are solar energy and  propane. Coal, petroleum, and natural gas are examples of 

nonrenewable energy

What would be irrelevant?    

Something that is irrelevant doesnt stay on this topicAn example is january is the first month of the year.

_______________________________

http://www.studyzone.org/mtestprep/ela8/c/relevant6l.cfm

relevant- information that is importantirrelevant- information that is not needed

I own 3 dogs.  Their names are Riley, Shadow, and Tapper.  Riley is 1 years old.  Shadow and Tapper are the same age.   When you add all 3 dogs ages it equals 7. Riley is a black

lab. Shadow and Tapper are little dogs.  How old are my 3 dogs?

Let's list all of the information, and classify it as eitherrelevant or irrelevant.

I own 3 dogs. relevantTheir names are Riley, Shadow, and Tapper.  irrelevantRiley is 1 years old. relevantShadow and Tapper are the same age. relevantWhen you add all 3 dogs ages it equals 7. relevantRiley is a black lab. irrelevant

Shadow and Tapper are little dogs. irrelevantHow old are my 3 dogs? relevant

Once we see what information is important (relevant) it's easy to see how to solve the problem. 

Riley is 1Tapper and Shadow are the same age. 

1 + n + n = 7

1 + 3 + 3 = 7

The dogs are 1, 3, and 3.

http://studyzone.org/testprep/math4/d/relevantinfo4l.cfm

So, this lesson is going to give you practice as to what is important and what is not!  What is important is also known as relevant information.  What is not important is also know as irrelevant. In this lesson you will learn how to decide what is relevantand what is irrelevant.  And let's face it, in real life, we often have to decide which information we need to solve a problem and which information we do not need.

relevant irrelevantimportant information not important information

need this to solve problem not needed to solve problem

 Let's look at some examples you could find in a book.

From Syracuse, a train, a car, and a plane left for New York City at noon.  It will take the train 5½ hours to get there. The car can travel 55 mph. What time will the train get to New York City?

When you look at the question, it only asks for the train time.  It does not care about the car's speed.  Therefore the relevant information is:   From Syracuse, a train, a car, and a plane left for New York City at noon. It will take the train 5½ hours to get there.

 

A man can go 400 miles on a full tank of gas.  He needs to go 100 miles today and has a half tank of gas.  He has $100 in his wallet. Does he need to buy more gas before he goes?

When you look at the question, it only asks if a half tank can get him 100 miles.  It does not care about the money he has in his wallet.  Therefore the relevant information is:  A man can go 400 miles on a full tank of gas.  He needs to go 100 miles today and has a half tank of gas.  He has $100 in his wallet.

 

In order for the kite to fly properly, the wind needs to be at least 15 mph.  The kite cost $5.98.  The wind speed today is 28 mph.   Can I fly a kite today?

When you look at the question, it only asks if I can fly a kite today.  It does not care about the cost of the kite.  Therefore the relevant information is:  In order for the kite to fly properly, the wind needs to be at least 15 mph.  The kite cost $5.98. The wind speed today is 28 mph. 

OK, ready for one more before you practice?

I only have $5.00 to spend today at the sale.  I want to buy a tablet that costs $1.95 and a special pencil that costs $2.48.  I earned $8 last week raking leaves.  Do I have enough money to buy my two items?

When you look at the question, it only asks if you have enough money to buy two items.  It does not care about the money earned last week.  It cares only about the money I have TODAY.  Therefore the relevant information is: I only have $5.00 to spend today at the sale.  I want to buy a tablet that costs $1.95 and a special

pencil that costs $2.48.  I earned $8 last week raking leaves.

http://studyzone.org/mtestprep/math8/d/relevantl.cfm

Distinguish Relevant From Irrelevant Information History-Social Science Research, Evidence, and Point of View 3 Students distinguish relevant from irrelevant information, essential from incidental information, and verifiable from unverifiable information in historical narratives and stories. Our world is filled with many different types of information. As a result, when you want to learn about one particular topic, you must narrow your focus. Search only for the information that is relevant, or directly related, to your topic

Learn the Skill : Follow these steps to distinguish relevant from irrelevant information. 1. Identify your focus or topic. By clearly defining your topic, you can better determine which pieces of information will be relevant or

irrelevant.

2. Locate sources and read about the topic. Based on the topic you identified, select a number of sources that will likely

offer information on this topic. You may find sources online or in your school’s media center.

3. Identify the information that is relevant to your topic. Scan your

sources to find passages that may relate to your topic. Then, read these passages closely to determine whether or not they provide relevant information.

4. Identify the information that is irrelevant to your topic. Irrelevant information, such as anecdotes, may be interesting,

but it is not central to the topic.

http://donnbirdsall.wikispaces.com/file/view/anskl_mw_ch14_p0406.pdf

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Exercise 1. Directions: Read the following passages and find the irrelevant sentences in each paragraph.

1. Garfield

(I)Garfield is a comic strip featuring the cat Garfield, the pet dog Odie, and their socially inept owner Jon Arbuckle. (II) The main character is Garfield, who is a lazy, overweight, orange cat. (III) He considers himself to be more intelligent than humans or dogs. (IV) He was named Garfield after his grandfather. (V) He hates Mondays and loves lasagna apparently.

I  II  III  IV  V

2. Alfred Hitchcock

(I) With more than fifty feature films Alfred Hitchcock remains one of the most popular directors of all time. (II) Hitchcock's films draw heavily on both fear and fantasy. (III) He began directing in the United Kingdom. (IV) They often portray innocent people caught up in circumstances beyond their understanding. (V) The movie Rebecca, which evokes the fears of a young bride, is a good example of this.

I  II  III  IV  V

3. Doping

(I) Doping is the use of drugs to try to improve sports performance. (II) This practice is banned by sports federations throughout the world. (III) Athletes need to know which substances are banned in sport. (IV) The use of drugs during athletic festivals is evident. (V) Furthermore, they must make sure that any product or medication they take does not contain a prohibited substance.

I  II  III  IV  V6

4. Everest

(I) May 10, 1996 was the deadliest day in Everest history. (II) A storm stranded many climbers near the summit and killed eight people. (III) Among those who died were Rob Hall and Scott Fischer. (IV) Both were experienced guides and were leading paid expeditions to the summit. (V) Everest can be climbed without supplementary oxygen, but this requires special fitness training.

I      II     III     IV     V

5. Education

(I) At one time in the history of education, one had to be wealthy to attend school. (II) At other times, women were kept from attending school, despite their standing in finances. (III) Financial aid was widely available to aid those less fortunate. (IV) Today, this is not the case because school attendance is obligatory. (V) The law requires students who are between six and 16 years of age to attend school.

I      II     III     IV     V

6. Renaissance Women

(I) During the Renaissance period, all of the women wore a corset. (II) Moreover, a woman was put to shame if she was found absent of a corset. (III) Corsets resembled a cone, as they were small at the waist and uplifting at the bosom. (IV) They have been with us for many centuries. (V) They were used to hide the thick waist since at that period in time, a 15 to 18 inch waist was acceptable.

I      II     III     IV     V

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7. Water

(I) It is estimated that 15% of worldwide water use is for household purposes. (II) These

include drinking water, bathing, cooking, and sanitation. (III) Basic household water requirements have been estimated at around 50 liters per person per day, excluding water for gardens. (IV) In some areas of the world irrigation is necessary to grow any crop. (V) Most household water is treated and returned to surface water systems.

I      II     III     IV     V

8. Dieting

While dieting or losing weight, there are often times when we are tempted to eat things which we are not supposed to eat. (II) Therefore it is not very easy for someone to lose body fat and it can be very frustrating as well. (III) However, many studies nowadays support the idea that while dieting one should allow himself to eat once a week whatever he desires. (IV) Following a high-protein diet over a long period of time can cause considerable health problems. (V) It has been proved that this not only makes the dieter happy but also helps the person to continue his diet.

I      II     III     IV     V

9. . Rainforests

(I) Rainforests are extremely important in the ecology of the Earth. (II) They cover about 7% of the Earth's surface and are havens for millions of plants and animals. (III) The

plants of the rainforests generate much of the Earth's oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. (IV) There are many types of tropical rainforests in the world. (V) However these plants are also very important to people in other ways; many are used in new drugs that fight disease and illness.

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I      II     III     IV     V

10. Being Thin

(I) Being thin was not always viewed as being desirable. (II) Thinness became the most alarming and deadliest of obsessions. (III) Once upon a time, thin women were considered poor and sickly, unsuitable for nurturing a large family. (IV) What exactly happened to change our view of beauty? (V) The bathing suit undoubtedly played a role in determining the ideal body shape.

I      II     III     IV     V

11. Blue Jeans

(I) Blue jeans in the last thirty years have attained such popularity that they have become an American icon. (II) It was not until the late 1960s, however, that blue jeans became the universally worn clothing item it is today. (III) In the history of fashion, no other garment has served as an example of status ambivalence and ambiguity than blue jeans. (IV) At its birth, blue jeans were created for the California coal miners in the mid-nineteenth century. (V) Levi Strauss was 17 years old when he emigrated from Bavaria to New York in 1847.

I      II     III     IV     V

12. Ketchup

(I) Even if it sounds odd to many of us, some ice cream manufacturer allegedly once tried a ketchup ice cream. (II) Ketchup dates back as far as 1600 AD, when sailors traveling to China discovered a sauce called ketsiap. (III) It was a sauce that was made out of soy or oysters and didn't contain tomatoes. (IV) This version quickly changed

9

ingredients to include mushrooms, anchovies and lemon peel. (V) Then in the late 1700's tomato ketchup began the transformation to today's sweet tomato version.

I      II     III     IV     V

13. Socializing Dogs

(I) The term socialization of dogs is used to describe how a dog learns to relate to people and other dogs. (II) This process begins even before the puppy's eyes are open. (III) Once the dog starts biting, it is very difficult to overcome. (IV) For most puppies, a mother who interacts well with humans is the best teacher. (V) Therefore most experts today recommend leaving puppies with their mothers until at least 8 to 10 weeks of age.

I      II     III     IV    14. China Development

For centuries China stood as a leading civilization in the arts and sciences. (II) However, in the early 20th century, the country was beset by civil unrest, famines and military defeats. (III) As a result, an autocratic socialist system was established. (IV) It

has the manpower to build and possess the largest economy in the world. (V) This system ensured China's sovereignty, imposed strict controls over everyday life.

I      II     III     IV     V

15. Apples

(I) There is an old saying, "An apple a day keeps the doctor away and helps losing weight." (II) In fact, studies have shown that a number of components in apples help the body to fight many diseases. (III) Apples are also a source of dietary fiber which helps

10

digestion and promotes weight loss. (IV) Blackberries and apples are a traditional duo for pies. (V) Unlike other snacks such as biscuits, raw apples contain almost zero fat and cholesterol.

I      II     III     IV     V

___________________________

REFERENCES:

http://www.studyzone.org/mtestprep/ela8/c/relevant6l.cfmhttp://studyzone.org/mtestprep/math8/d/relevantl.cfmhttp://donnbirdsall.wikispaces.com/file/view/anskl_mw_ch14_p0406.pdfhttp://www.grammarbank.com/irrelevant-sentences-paragraph.htmlhttp://www.grammarbank.com/reading-skills-worksheet.htmlhttp://www.grammarbank.com/pet-ket-reading.htmlhttp://www.grammarbank.com/irrelevant-sentences-worksheets.htmlhttp://www.grammarbank.com/identify-irrelevant-sentences.html

KEY ANSWERS

1. 4 6. 4 11. 52. 3 7. 4 12. 13. 4 8. 4 13. 34. 5 9. 4 14. 45. 3 10. 2 15.3

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REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

CARLOS HILADO MEMORIAL STATE COLLEGEGRADUATE SCHOOL

TALISAY CITYS.Y. 2015 - 2016

_______________________________________

EngSpec 507- CONSTRUCTION OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS FOR LANGUAGE TEACHING

WORKBOOK

on

PREPOSITIONS

Presented by:

JENNIFER F. TABLIGANMAT- ENGLISH

Presented to:

Prof. Mary Leanne A. Laganhon, MAEDInstructor

March 19, 2016