Unit 3: Progressivism, Imperialism, and WWI

Name:____________________

Assignment Packet

Unit 3 Overview: Progressivism, Imperialism, and WWI

Name: _____________________________________________ Date: ____________

Start on page 142 and define key terms from this unit

Imperialism-

Protectorate-

Yellow journalism-

Jingoism-

Sphere of influence-

Open Door Policy-

“Gentlemen’s Agreement”-

The Boxer Rebellion-

The Roosevelt Corollary-

Dollar Diplomacy-

Muckrakers-

Suffrage-

Income tax-

Militarism-

Nationalism-

Propaganda-

Draft-

Armistice-

Reparations-

Treaty of Versailles-

Unit 3 people: Write the name of the person that meets the description

1. US Naval Officer who supported the idea that the US needed a large navy in order to trade with the rest of the world______________________________________ (143)

2. Queen who attempted to reassert Hawaiian monarchal power but was overthrown by the US _______________________________(145)

3. Led the Filipino resistance against the US after the Spanish-American War (151)__________________________

4. President who supported Big Stick Diplomacy who pushed for the building of the Panama Canal. He also led a group known as the “Rough Riders: during the Spanish-American War. (148/154)__________________________

5. Roosevelt’s successor as President, this man supported the idea of Dollar Diplomacy (156) _____________________________

6. He was a muckraker who published, “How the Other Half Lives” exposing problems of poverty disease, and crime in NYC. (162) _______________________________

7. Name 2 leaders of the women’s suffrage movement (165) _________________________

8. With the help of Roosevelt, he led the US Forest service and strove to conserve national forest in the US (172) ______________________________________

The Progressive Era

Name:_______________________________________ Date: _________ Period: _________

1. Why did the Progressive Movement start?

2. How did progressive want to change government in the US?

3. What is a direct primary?

4. What is an initiative?

5. What is a referendum?

6. What is a recall?

7. What happened at the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory? How did this impact the Progressive Movement?

8. Who were muckrakers? What was their goal?

9. Who was Lincoln Stevens? What problem was he trying to uncover?

10. Who was Jacob Riis? What social problem was he trying to uncover?

11. Who was Ida Tarbell? What was she against?

12. Who was Upton Sinclair? What was he trying to show with his book The Jungle?

Muckrakers of the Progressive EraName: _____________________________ Date: ______________ Period: ____________

Below are passages/pictures created by several muckrakers of the Progressive Era. Analyze the source and answer the questions.

The JungleBy: Upton Sinclair

"Bubbly Creek" is an arm of the Chicago River, all the drainage of the square mile of packing houses empties into it, so that it is really a great open sewer a hundred or two feet wide. One long arm of it is blind, and the filth stays there forever and a day. The grease and chemicals that are poured into it undergo all sorts of strange transformations, which are the cause of its name; it is constantly in motion, as if huge fish were feeding in it. Bubbles of carbonic acid gas will rise to the surface and burst, and make rings two or three feet wide. Here and there the grease and filth have caked solid, and the creek looks like a bed of lava; chickens walk about on it, feeding, and many times an unwary stranger has started to stroll across, and vanished temporarily.

1. What does this passage tell you about how factories were impacting the environment?

Jonas had told them how the meat that was taken out of pickle would often be found sour, and how they would rub it up with soda to take away the smell, and sell it to be eaten on free-lunch counters There would be hams found spoiled, some of them with an odor so bad that a man could hardly bear to be in the room with them. There would be meat that had tumbled out on the floor, in the dirt and sawdust, where the workers had tramped and spit uncounted billions of consumption germs. There would be meat stored in great piles in rooms; and the water from leaky roofs would drip over it, and thousands of rats would race about on it. It was too dark in these storage places to see well, but a man could run his hand over these piles of meat and sweep off handfuls of the dried dung of rats. These rats were nuisances, and the packers would put poisoned bread out for them; they would die, and then rats, bread, and meat would go into the hoppers together. This is no fairy story and no joke; the meat would be shoveled into carts, and the man who did the shoveling would not trouble to lift out a rat even when he saw one. There was no place for the men to wash their hands before they ate their dinner, and so they made a practice of washing them in the water that was to be ladled into the sausage.

2. Why was rubbing soda used for packing ham?

3. What were some things that would be packed with the ham and sausage that would be deemed unsanitary?

4. What was wrong with how the men would wash their hands at the factory?

5. Overall, what is Upton Sinclair criticizing that America needs to improve?

“How the Other Half Lives”By: Jacob Riis

6. How do these photos depict life in tenement buildings?

7. Overall, based on the pictures, what aspect of American society is Riis criticizing that we need to improve?

“The Shame of the Cities”By: Lincoln Steffens

Along about 1890, public franchises and privileges were sought, not only for legitimate profit and common convenience, but for loot. Taking but slight and always selfish interest in the public councils, the big men misused politics. The riffraff, catching the smell of corruption, rushed into the Municipal Assembly, drove out the remaining respectable men, and sold the city—its streets, its wharves, its markets, and all that it had—to the now greedy business men and bribers. In other words, when the leading men began to devour their own city, the herd rushed into the trough and fed also.

8. What had happened to the city government of St. Louis?

The visitor is told of the wealth of the residents, of the financial strength of the banks, and of the growing importance of the industries, yet he sees poorly paved, refuse-burdened streets, and dusty or mud-covered alleys; he passes a ramshackle fire-trap crowded with the sick, and learns that it is the City Hospital; Finally, he turns a tap in the hotel, to see liquid mud flow into wash-basin or bath-tub.

9. Was the government of St. Louis helping the people of St. Louis?

10. Overall, what aspect of American society is Lincoln Steffens criticizing?

Muckrakers Article

A muckraker was a journalist that wanted to uncover the injustices that came as a result of the Gilded Ages. Imagine that you are a muckraker of 2017. Write an .5 page (standard) 1 page (Honors) article uncovering a social injustice you feel is a problem in your world. This can be a problem with a school or work rule/policy or it can be something in society that you feel is wrong. In your article, be sure to include the following:

A headline or title to your article A byline (example: By: Christian Tardieu) under your headline A clearly stated problem that you are uncovering An explanation why it is a problem And your solution and why it would improve the situation

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Women’s Suffrage Movement

Name: __________________________________ Date: ____________ Period: __________

DO YOU KNOW by Carrie Chapman Catt

DO YOU KNOW that the question of votes for women is one which is commanding the attention of the whole civilized world; that woman suffrage organizations of representative men and women exist in twenty-seven different countries; that in this country alone there are more than 1,000 woman suffrage organizations; that there is an International and a National Men's League for Woman Suffrage and numbers of local men's leagues; that the number of women who are asking for the vote in this country is larger than the number of men who have ever asked for anything in its entire history; that more and larger petitions asking for votes for women have been sent to legislative bodies than for any other one measure; that the press of this country is giving more space to woman suffrage than to any other one public question; that the legislatures of twenty-eight states this year entertained woman suffrage measures, aII of them favorably; and that a bill for a woman suffrage amendment to the United States Constitution is now before Congress?

1. Why do you think Catt starts out by talking about where and how many suffrage organizations exist?

2. Provide one reason why Catt thinks this country should give women the right to vote.

DO YOU KNOW that within the past year the subject of woman suffrage has been considered in the National Parliament of 17 countries; that the revolutionary government in China stands pledged to woman suffrage, and that women have already voted in one province; that in France a special commission appointed to investigate the question has recommended that the full franchise be extended to women as rapidly as may be deemed feasible, and that the municipal franchise be granted immediately?

3. Why do you think she talks about what’s happening in other countries?

DO YOU KNOW that in our own country women have been voting on the same terms as men in Wyoming since 1869, in Colorado since 1893, in Utah and Idaho since 1896; that in 1910, the state of Washington voted to one to extend the full suffrage to women; that in 1911, California doubled the number of voting women in this country by giving the full suffrage to more than half a million women citizens; that in 1912, the men of Kansas, Oregon, and Arizona voted to give votes to their women; that in 1913, the legislature of the State of Illinois passed measure giving to women all the voting rights within the power of the legislature to bestow, including

presidential electors, all municipal officers and some country and some state officers; and that the territorial legislature of Alaska granted full suffrage to women?

4. What has been happening in different states in the US according to Catt?

5. Why do you think she mentions this?

DO YOU KNOW that, on the other hand, large numbers of men are utterly indifferent to their rights as voters; that in the presidential election of 1912, the total vote cast was only 14,720,038, while the number of men eligible to vote was 24,335,000; that in the presidential election of 1908 the total vote cast was only 14,888,442, while the number of men eligible to vote was fully 22,000,000; that in the presidential election of 1904 the total vote was only 13,961,560 while the total number of men eligible to vote was 21,000,000?

DO YOU KNOW one single sound, logical reason why the intelligence and individuality of women should not entitle them to the rights and privileges of self-government?

Do you know?

6. How does Catt criticize men here?

7. Why do you think she does this?

8. What does Catt mean by her last statement?

MISS ALICE PAUL ON HUNGER STRIKE

Suffragist Leader Adopts This Means of Protesting Against Washington Prison Fare.

NOW IN JAIL HOSPITAL

Threatens to Starve to Death Unless Better Food Is Provided for Six Companions.

WASHINGTON, Nov. 6- Alice Paul, National Chairman for the Woman’s Party, now doing a seven months’ sentence in jail here for picketing the White House, has gone on a hunger strike, and tonight she had been in the jail hospital without food for the preceding twenty-four hours, stolidly threatening to starve herself to death unless her six companions, serving time for the same offense, got better food.

1. Why is Paul in jail?

2. Why is she refusing to eat?

So far the jail officials are taking the strike calmly and waiting for Miss Paul to get hungry enough to eat. Forcible feeding has not been discussed as yet. But inasmuch as Miss Paul made somewhat of a record for herself as a hunger striker in an English jail several years ago, while militating with Mrs. Pankhurst, headquarters of the Woman’s Party is quite confident that she will give the prison officials a surprise of they expect her to yield quickly.

3. Where else has Alice Paul done a hunger strike?

Miss Paul, a slight, little woman, weighing about ninety pounds and a delicate constitution, was taken to the jail hospital last night because she was ill. Miss Paul said she was ill because of bad food, bad air, and no exercise. Woman’s Party officials say she and the other militants have been getting a coarse diet principally of salt pork and cabbage at the rate of eighteen times in thirteen days. When Miss Paul was taken to the hospital a diet, including milk and eggs and without the salt pork and cabbage, was offered her, but she announced she would have none of it unless her sisters got the same.

4. Why was Alice Paul taken to the jail hospital?

5. When Alice Paul was offered food, what did she do?

Tonight Dr. Cora Smith King, Miss Paul’s physician, who was permitted to attend her, issued a bulletin saying Miss Paul was much thinner than when she centered the jail, Oct 22, was refusing food, and would not touch a morsel until she and her companions received the same treatment as seventeen murderers, who have the privilege of special food, air exercise, and the newspapers.

6. According to her doctor, what is happening to Alice Paul as a result of her protest?

“If we are to be starved, I prefer to be starved at once,” was the message Miss Paul sent out to the workers. “There is no use giving us special food today and not tomorrow simply to keep us alive as long as possible.” Although the militants have announced they will not resume picketing the White House until Congress reconvenes in December, they consider that a hunger strike is a sufficient climax, for the present at least, to their efforts to force President Wilson to indorse woman suffrage by Constitutional amendment.

7. What is the ultimate goal for Alice Paul as she continues to hunger strike?

Women’s Suffrage Political Cartoons

Name: ____________________________________ Date: ____________ Grade:__________

Analyze the following political cartoons about women’s suffrage and answer the questions

1. Is this cartoon pro or anti- women’s suffrage?

2. What does delusional mean? How does it relate to this cartoon?

3. How many have women during the Progressive movement responded to this cartoon?

“The last few buttons are always the hardest.”

4. What do you think this cartoon is saying about the women’s suffrage movement?

5. Do you think this cartoon is pro or anti women’s suffrage? Why?

6. Who was a suffragist?

7. Is this cartoon pro or anti women’s suffrage? Why?

8. What is this political cartoon saying about the women’s suffrage movement?

9. Is this a positive or negative reflection of the women’s suffrage movement?

Women Protest at the White House

Name: __________________________________ Date: ______________ Period: __________

Alice Paul famously led a protest outside of the White House in 1917. Imagine that you have her back and decide to go to Washington D.C. to fight for women’s right to vote. What kind of

picket sign would you have? Below draw a picket sign that you would bring to the White House protest. Your picket sign must include: 1. A picture 2. A message

American Imperialism

Name:_________________________________ Date: ___________ Period: ____________

1. What is Imperialism?

2. What were some of the reasons that the United States had decided to engage in Imperialism? Please list at least 3 reasons.

3. Who was Alfred T. Mahan and what did he feel the United States should do to expand their power?

4. How might having a strong, large navy help the United States become an Imperialistic nation? Explain.

“Thus the advance of the frontier has meant a steady movement away from the influence of Europe, a steady growth of independence on American lines.”

― Frederick Jackson Turner, The Frontier in American History

5. What did Frederick Jackson Turner advocate? Why?

6. According to this quote, why did Turner feel that expansion was a good thing?

7. How might missing a frontier hurt the US?

Today we are raising more crops than we can consume. Today we are making more than we can use… Therefore we must find new markets for our produce, new occupation for our capital, new work for our labor.”

-Senator Albert J. Beveridge, “The March of the Flag,” 1898

8. What is Senator Beveridge saying here?

9. How does quote encourage Imperialism

10. What two US states were added to the union for economic and political gain?

11. What was the idea of “White Man’s Burden”? How did this contribute to the idea of Imperialism?

12. What is foreign policy?

13. What was Roosevelt’s Big Stick Diplomacy? What did he create to enforce it?

14. What was Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy?

15. What was Wilson’s Moral Diplomacy?

The US began to act as an imperialist nation during the beginning of the 20th Century for a variety of reasons. Most reasons pointed to the notion that the US would benefit from expansion because of economic and political interests and power. Many Americans at the time as well as today debate the morality and benefits of colonizing other nations and peoples. In the space provided below, please respond to the following question in a paragraph: Do you support or oppose American Imperialism? Be sure you use your notes and give support to your answer. Your paragraph should follow the following design:

Sentence 1: Answer the question by rephrasing the questionSentence 2: Cite your evidence that supports your answerSentence 3: Explain your evidence and how it supports your answerSentence 4: Summarize your argument

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Name: ________________________________________ Date: _____________ Pd: _____

Necessary Vocabulary:

Imperialism - ______________________________ ________________________________________________________

THERE ARE FOUR DIFFERENT KINDS OF IMPERIALISM

1) Colonial Imperialism: One country taking over another country usually by force.

2) Cultural Imperialism: One country’s culture impacting another country’s culture.

3) Political Imperialism: One country influences the government of another country.

4) Economic imperialism: One country controls key aspects of another country’s economy.

Directions: Listed below are various examples of imperialism. To the right of each example, write the form of imperialism that best describes each action.

1) The United States set up a government in Puerto Rico. ___________________________

2) The United States and Germany divided control of the __________________________ Samoan islands.

3) American missionaries taught the Hawaiian people __________________________ about Christianity.

4) Commodore Mathew Perry convinced the Japanese ruler to __________________________ open ports to United States trade

5) The United States overthrew the Queen of Hawaii and took control of her Kingdom. ___________________________

6) The United States heavily invests in China. New jobs are provided and the economy in China is stimulated. Most of the profits from the surge in industry benefit the United States. ___________________________

7) Country A finances the overthrow of the dictator of Country B, who is unfriendly to Country A. Country A only offers financial assistance, not military troops. ___________________________

8) Students in Mexico begin to learn and use the language of the United States. They even begin to adopt the style of dress of the students in the United States. ___________________________

White Man’s Burden By: Rudyard Kipling

Name: _______________________________________ Date: ____________ Period: ________

Take up the White Man’s burden—Send forth the best ye breed—

Go send your sons to exileTo serve your captives' need

To wait in heavy harnessOn fluttered folk and wild—

Your new-caught, sullen peoples,Half devil and half child

1. According to this poem, what is it suggesting the reader go do?

2. How does the poet describe newly conquered people?

Take up the White Man’s burdenIn patience to abide

To veil the threat of terrorAnd check the show of pride;By open speech and simple

An hundred times made plainTo seek another’s profitAnd work another’s gain

3. According to this stanza, what is the white man’s responsibility in these newly acquired territories?

Take up the White Man’s burden—And reap his old reward:

The blame of those ye betterThe hate of those ye guard—The cry of hosts ye humour

(Ah slowly) to the light:"Why brought ye us from bondage,

“Our loved Egyptian night?”

4. What does Kipling warn people about in this stanza that imperialists must face?

Take up the White Man’s burden-Have done with childish days-

The lightly proffered laurel,The easy, ungrudged praise.

Comes now, to search your manhoodThrough all the thankless years,

Cold-edged with dear-bought wisdom,The judgment of your peers!

5. According to the end of this poem, what 2 positives will be brought to the conquered people?

6. Who is the target audience of this poem?

7. According to Kipling’s poem, how might it justify imperialism?

8. What is happening in this picture?

9. How might the white man “save” other cultures and people?

10. Do you think the author of the drawing supports or opposes Imperialism? Why?

US Emergence as a world power

American Imperialism Political Cartoons

Name: ________________________________ Date: _______________ Period: ___________

1. What is this political cartoon criticizing?

2. Why is America becoming fatter?

3. Who is this man supposed to be in the picture?

4. What idea is it representing?

5. Who is Roosevelt pointing the cannon at?

6. What policy does this cartoon refer to?

7. According to this cartoon, what is happening to the United States?

8. What is this cartoon saying the US is doing to Cuba? Why?

9. What war is this in reference to?

10. This newspaper article above is an example of what during this period?

11. What did yellow journalists hope to accomplish with headlines such as the one above?

Excerpts from The Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1660-1783 (1890) by Alfred Thayer Mahan “ First, in peace: The government by its policy can favor the natural growth of a people's industries and its tendencies to seek adventure and gain by way of the sea;”

“Secondly, for war: The influence of the government will be felt in its most legitimate manner in maintaining an armed navy, of a size commensurate with the growth of its shipping and the importance of the interests connected with it. More important even than the size of the navy is the question of its institutions, favoring a healthful spirit and activity, and providing for rapid development in time of war by an adequate reserve of men and of ships and by measures for drawing out that general reserve power which has before been pointed to, when considering the character and pursuits of the people. Undoubtedly under this second head of warlike preparation must come the maintenance of suitable naval stations, in those distant parts of the world to which the armed shipping must follow the peaceful vessels of commerce.”

“Colonies attached to the mother-country afford, therefore, the surest means of supporting abroad the sea power of a country. “

“Having therefore no foreign establishments, either colonial or military, the ships of war of the United States, in war, will be like land birds, unable to fly far from their own shores. To provide resting-places for them, where they can coal and repair, would be one of the first duties of a government proposing to itself the development of the power of the nation at sea.”

“To avoid such blockades there must be a military force afloat that will at all times so endanger a blockading fleet that it can by no means keep its place. Then neutral ships, except those laden with contraband of war, can come and go freely, and maintain the commercial relations of the country with the world outside.”

“The question is eminently one in which the influence of the government should make itself felt, to build up for the nation a navy which, if not capable of reaching distant countries, shall at least be able to keep clear the chief approaches to its own.”"Naval strategy has for its end to found, support, and increase, as well in peace as in war, the sea power of a country."

1. What argument does Admiral Mahan give for having a strong peacetime navy?

2. How does Mahan equate a powerful navy with the need for territorial expansion?

3. What warning does Mahan give in having a navy WITHOUT the acquisition of colonies?

4. In what ways does Mahan tie having a strong navy with a nation’s progress?

Opposing Views of Imperialism: Mark Twain and Theodore Roosevelt

“I left these shores, at Vancouver, a red-hot imperialist. I wanted the American eagle to go screaming into the Pacific. It seemed tiresome and tame for it to content itself with the Rockies. Why not spread its wings over the Philippines, I asked myself? And I thought it would be a real good thing to do.

I said to myself, here are a people who have suffered for three centuries. We can make them as free as ourselves, give them a government and country of their own, put a miniature of the American constitution afloat in the Pacific, start a brand new republic to take its place among the free nations of the world. It seemed to me a great task to which we had addressed ourselves.

But I have thought some more, since then, and I have read carefully the treaty of Paris, and I have seen that we do not intend to free, but to subjugate the people of the Philippines. We have gone there to conquer, not to redeem.

We have also pledged the power of this country to maintain and protect the abominable system established in the Philippines by the Friars.

It should, it seems to me, be our pleasure and duty to make those people free, and let them deal with their own domestic questions in their own way. And so I am an anti-imperialist. I am opposed to having the eagle put its talons on any other land.”

Mark Twain, New York Herald interview, Oct.15, 1900

1. Why did Mark Twain originally favor the annexation of the Philippines?

2. What caused Twain to change his mind and become an anti-imperialist?

...I most earnestly hope that the bill to provide a lower tariff for or else absolute free trade in Philippine products will become a law. No harm will come to any American industry; and while there will be some small but real material benefit to the Filipinos, the main benefit will come by the showing made as to our purpose to do all in our power for their welfare. So far our action in the Philippines has been abundantly justified, not mainly and indeed not primarily because of the added dignity it has given us as a nation by proving that we are capable honorably and efficiently to bear the international burdens which a mighty people should bear, but even more because of the immense benefit that has come to the people of the Philippine Islands. In these islands we are steadily introducing both liberty and order, to a greater degree than their people have ever before known. We have secured justice. We have provided an efficient police force, and have put down ladronism [thievery].

President Theodore Roosevelt, On America's Territorial Possessions and InterestsState of the Union Address

3. What reasons does President Roosevelt give in favor of a lower tariff or absolute free trade in the Philippines?

4. How does President Roosevelt say that the action in the Philippines has benefited the nation?

5. In what ways does Roosevelt say the Philippine people have benefitted?

6. Do you tend to agree more with Mark Twain or Theodore Roosevelt? Why?

Yellow Journalism

Name:______________________ Date: ______________ Period: ___________

In the space provided below, write an exaggerated, inflammatory headline encouraging America to engage with war with Spain. After writing the headline, draw a political cartoon that either further encourages American war, Jingoism, or speaks negatively of Spain. Remember, your headline should evoke emotion from whoever is reading and should immediately grab their attention!

Headline:

Teddy Roosevelt Worksheet

Name: _______________________________ Date: ______________ Period: _________

“When I say I believe in a square deal, I do not mean to give every man the best hand. If good cards do not come to any man, or if they do come, and he has not got the power to play them, that is his affair. All I mean is that there shall be no crookedness in the dealing.”

1. What was Roosevelt’s program called?

2. What is he promising all Americans in the quote above?

3. Who is the man on the right? Who is the man on the left?

4. What is the man on the right squeezing out of the man on the left?

5. What is this cartoon saying about Roosevelt?

6. What influenced Roosevelt to pass the Meat Inspection Act?

7. Name 3 reforms that Roosevelt passed that made him a Progressive President.

“Goodness gracious I must have been dozing”

8. Who is the man in the rocking chair?

9. Why did Roosevelt become unhappy with Taft

10. What is this cartoon is saying about Taft’s Presidency?

Roosevelt’s New Nationalism Speech

Name: _____________________________ Date: _____________ Period: _________

Now, this means that our government, National and State, must be freed from the sinister influence or control of special interests. Exactly as the special interests of cotton and slavery threatened our political integrity before the Civil War, so now the great special business interests too often control and corrupt the men and methods of government for their own profit.

1. What must the government be freed from?

2. According to Roosevelt, how does business impact government?

It has become entirely clear that we must have government supervision of the capitalization, not only of public-service corporations, including, particularly, railways, but of all corporations doing an interstate business.

3. What does Roosevelt think we need more of?

Combinations in industry are the result of an imperative economic law which cannot be repealed by political legislation. The effort at prohibiting all combination has substantially failed. The way out lies, not in attempting to prevent such combinations, but in completely controlling them in the interest of the public welfare.

4. What do you think “combinations in industry” is referring to?

5. Controlling these “combinations” is in whose best interest?

This New Nationalism regards the executive power as the steward of the public welfare. It demands of the judiciary that it shall be interested primarily in human welfare rather than in property, just as it demands that the representative body shall represent all the people rather than any one class or section of the people.

6. Who is Roosevelt referring to as the “executive power”

7. What is the “Executive” power’s main duty?

8. What should the judiciary’s main concern be?

9. What should the representative body focus on?

One of the fundamental necessities in a representative government such as ours is to make certain that the men to whom the people delegate their power shall serve the people by whom they are elected, and not the special interests. I believe that every national officer, elected or appointed, should be forbidden to perform any service or receive any compensation, directly or indirectly, from interstate corporations; and a similar provision could not fail to be useful within the States.

10. What is one fundamental necessity that government should do?

11. What should government officials not be allowed to do?

We must have the right kind of character-character that makes a man, first of all, a good man in the home, a good father, and a good husband-that makes a man a good neighbor. You must have that, and, then, in addition, you must have the kind of law and the kind of administration of the law which will give to those qualities in the private citizen the best possible chance for development. The prime problem of our nation is to get the right type of good citizenship, and, to get it, we must have progress, and our public men must be genuinely progressive.

12. What are two things that Roosevelt’s says will help the US be successful in this final passage?

After reading this speech and your notes, give three things that Roosevelt would like to change about American government?

1.

2.

3.

Wilson vs. Roosevelt

Name: ___________________________________ Date: ____________ Period: ____________

“The man with only a little capital is finding it harder and harder to get into the field, more and more impossible to compete with the big fellow. Why? Because the laws of this country do not prevent the strong from crushing the weak.”

-Woodrow Wilson, 1913

1. What was Woodrow Wilson’s plan called?

2. What does he believe is a big problem with the US?

3. Who does he feel that it is the problem?

4. What was Wilson’s main goal in his program?

5. What did the Federal Reserve do?

6. What did the Clayton Anti-Trust Act do?

7. What did the Federal Trade Commission do?

In the Venn diagram below, compare and contrast both Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson. Provide at least 3 similarities and 3 differences between the two men and their programs

In the space provided below, write an ACES paragraph explaining how Wilson and Roosevelt were Progressive. Think about what the Progressives’ goals were and think about what both Wilson and Roosevelt’s goals and achievements as President were. Provide 3 examples in your paragraph.

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Roosevelt’s Square Deal/New Nationalism

Wilson’s New Freedom

Peace Without Victory SpeechName: _________________________________ Date: _________________ Period: _________

On January 22, 1917, before the US entered World War I, President Wilson spoke to the US Senate about his vision for the future. He called for a “peace without victory”. His ideas would later influence international cooperation in the League of Nations.

It must be peace without victory… Victory would mean peace forced upon the loser, a victor’s terms pressed upon the vanquished. It would be accepted in humiliation, under duress, at an intolerable sacrifice, and would leave a sting, resentment, a bitter memory upon which terms of peace would rest, not permanently but only as upon quickened. Only peace between equals can last…

1. Why can peace only exist without victory? What would peace WITH victory require?

2. What will happen to peace if it is done through victory?

3. How can peace last?

No peace can last, or ought to last, which does not recognize and accept the principle that government derive all their just powers from the consent of the governed, and that no right anywhere exists to hand peoples about from sovereignty to sovereignty as if they were property…

4. According to Wilson in this passage, what is another condition that must exist for peace to survive?

5. According to Wilson, what is a right that all people should have?

There can be no sense of safety and equality among the nations if great preponderating armaments are henceforth to continue here and there to be built up and maintained. The statesmen of the world must plan for peace, and nations must adjust and accommodate their policy…

6. What is he saying is taking place in the world that is dangerous and a threat to peace?

7. What must other countries do to ensure peace?

I am proposing that all nations henceforth avoid entangling alliances which would draw them into competitions of power, catch them in a net of intrigue and selfish rivalry, and disturb their own… There is no entangling alliance in a concert or power. When all unite to act in the same sense and with the same purpose, all act in the common interest and are free to live their own lives under a common practice…

8. What is Wilson discouraging other countries from doing? What is another politician that you have learned about that may agree with this notion?

9. What is Wilson saying the international community should do to maintain peace and tranquility that is everyone’s best interest?

10. After reading this speech, why do you think Wilson preferred to keep the US out of World War I?

World War I Propaganda Poster

Name: ________________________________ Date: ____________________ Period: _______

At the start of World War I, the United States decided to stay neutral and remained out of the conflict. Once American had joined, the American government began producing posters that encouraged people to help in the fight any way that they could. In the space provided below, draw a World War I Propaganda Poster that either encourages Americans to join the fight against the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, & the Ottoman Empire), encourages Americans to buy war bonds, or vilifies the enemy. Again, your poster should evoke emotion!

Woodrow Wilson’s 14 Points

Name: ______________________________________ Date: ______________ Period: _______

I. Open covenants of peace, openly arrived at, after which there shall be no private international understandings of any kind but diplomacy shall proceed always frankly and in the public view.

1. What is the first point saying about peace treaties?

2. Why do you think Wilson would have made this a point?

II. Absolute freedom of navigation upon the seas, outside territorial waters, alike in peace and in war, except as the seas may be closed in whole or in part by international action for the enforcement of international covenants.

3. What is this point saying about the seas?

III. The removal, so far as possible, of all economic barriers and the establishment of an equality of trade conditions among all the nations consenting to the peace and associating themselves for its maintenance.

4. What is this point saying about trade?

IV. Adequate guarantees given and taken that national armaments will be reduced to the lowest point consistent with domestic safety.

5. What is this point saying about nations’ militaries?

6. Why do you think Wilson would have made this a point?

V. A free, open-minded, and absolutely impartial adjustment of all colonial claims, based upon a strict observance of the principle that in determining all such questions of sovereignty the interests of the populations concerned must have equal weight with the equitable claims of the government whose title is to be determined.

7. According to this point, how should other nations treat each other?

XIV. A general association of nations must be formed under specific covenants for the purpose of affording mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity to great and small states alike.

In regard to these essential rectifications of wrong and assertions of right we feel ourselves to be intimate partners of all the governments and peoples associated together against the Imperialists. We cannot be separated in interest or divided in purpose. We stand together until the end.

8. According to Wilson’s final point, what should be created and why?

Henry Cabot Lodge’s Reaction to the 14 Points

Name: _______________________________________ Date: __________ Period: ________

Mr. President:

The independence of the United States is not only more precious to ourselves but to the world than any single possession. Look at the United States today. We have made mistakes in the past. We have had shortcomings. We shall make mistakes in the future and fall short of our own best hopes. But none the less is there any country today on the face of the earth which can compare with this in ordered liberty, in peace, and in the largest freedom?

I feel that I can say this without being accused of undue boastfulness, for it is the simple fact, and in making this treaty and taking on these obligations all that we do is in a spirit of unselfishness and in a desire for the good of mankind. But it is well to remember that we are dealing with nations every one of which has a direct individual interest to serve, and there is grave danger in an unshared idealism.

1. What is Henry Cabot Lodge saying about the US in the first paragraph?

2. What does he say every country has?

Contrast the United States with any country on the face of the earth today and ask yourself whether the situation of the United States is not the best to be found. I will go as far as anyone in world service, but the first step to world service is the maintenance of the United States.

You may call me selfish if you will, conservative or reactionary, or use any other harsh adjective you see fit to apply, but an American I was born, an American I have remained all my life. I can never be anything else but an American, and I must think of the United States first, and when I think of the United States first in an arrangement like this I am thinking of what is best for the world, for if the United States fails, the best hopes of mankind fail with it.

3. What does the “maintenance’ of the US mean for the rest of the world?

4. To Henry Cabot Lodge, what must come first and what happen if the US fails?

National I must remain, and in that way I like all other Americans can render the amplest service to the world. The United States is the world's best hope, but if you fetter her in the interests and quarrels of other nations, if you tangle her in the intrigues of Europe, you will destroy her power for good and endanger her very existence. Leave her to march freely through the centuries to come as in the years that have gone.

Strong, generous, and confident, she has nobly served mankind. Beware how you trifle with your marvelous inheritance, this great land of ordered liberty, for if we stumble and fall freedom and civilization everywhere will go down in ruin.

5. What does Cabot Lodge warn will happen if the US gets too involved with Europe?

6. How do you feel the US felt about Wilson’s 14 Points and the League of Nations?