14. CHINA, PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF

Questions based on Report by the Secretariat (WT/TPR/S/351)Page 1(para. 4)Japan is the world's fourth-largest exporter and importer of goods and services. Both merchandise imports and exports declined between 2014 and 2015, reflecting, inter alia, a weak global demand and falling commodity prices; as the decline was substantially larger in imports than exports, Japan's merchandise trade deficit sharply contracted.

Question:1. Japan maintains strong technical advantages on materials and equipment and has

large export of those products. How does Japan support the development of those industries? Sources said that foreign buyers are requested to sign the contract first before bargaining price when purchasing equipment, would Japan please explain this scenario? 日本在材料和设备领域具有较强的技术优势，产品大量出口，日本是通过何种渠道，以何种方式扶持产业发展的？有消息称外方在采购设备时，日方利用在设备领域的技术优势，要求用户先签合同再议价，日方如何解释？

RESPONSEIn order to maintain Japan's strong technical advantages in fields such as materials and equipment, the Government of Japan implements diversified support measures such as research and development of innovative technology and human resource development as promotion of manufacturing industry回答：Page 16(para 1.12)"At its meeting in September 2016, the BOJ decided to introduce a new policy framework consisting of two major components."

Question：2. Please kindly describe the implementation and results of this policy framework. 请日本介绍该政策框架的实施情况和所取得的成效？

RESPONSE回答Implementation of Yield curve control采取收益率曲线控制The short-term policy interest rate:The Bank of Japan will apply a negative interest rate of minus 0.1 percent to the Policy-Rate Balances in current accounts held by financial institutions at the Bank.短期政策利率：针对金融机构当前账户中的政策利率余额，日本央行将对其施行-0.1%的负利率。The long-term interest rate:The Bank will purchase Japanese government bonds (JGBs) so that 10-year JGB yields will remain at around zero percent. With regard to the amount of JGBs to be purchased, the Bank will conduct purchases at more or less the current pace -- an annual rate of increase in the amount outstanding of its JGB holdings of about 80 trillion yen -- aiming to achieve the target level of the long-term interest rate specified by the guideline.长期利率：日本央行将购买日本政府债券（JGB），因此，10年期政府债券收益率将保持在 0%左右。关于购买政府债券的数量，日本央行将大体保持当前的购买速度，即保持“80万亿日元的购买年增速”，旨在达到指导方针所规定的长期利率目标水平。Implementation of Inflation-overshooting commitment调整通胀超调承诺

The Bank will continue with the "QQE with Yield Curve Control," aiming to achieve a price stability target of 2 percent, as long as it is necessary for maintaining that target in a stable manner.日本央行将继续推行“QQE+收益率曲线控制”，旨在实现 2%的物价稳定目标，并在必要时以稳定的方式维持该目标。The Bank will continue expanding the monetary base until the year-on-year rate of increase in the observed CPI (all items less fresh food) exceeds the price stability target of 2 percent, and stays above the target in a stable manner. Meanwhile, the rate of increase in the monetary base may fluctuate in the short run under market operations that aim at controlling the yield curve.日本央行将继续扩大基础货币，直至物价消费指数（各类不够新鲜的食品种类）的同比增长率超过物价稳定目标的 2%，并以稳定的方式维持在该目标以上。与此同时，在控制收益率曲线的市场操作下，货币基础的增长率可能会出现短期波动。Views on results of this policy framework关于该政策框架成效的一些看法In April 2013, the Bank introduced an unprecedentedly large-scale monetary easing, quantitative and qualitative monetary easing (QQE), in order to achieve a price stability target of 2 per cent at the earliest possible time. The main transmission mechanism of QQE is lowering the real interest rates by (1) exerting downward pressure on the interest rates across the entire yield curve through massive purchases of Japanese government bonds (JGBs) and (2) raising people's inflation expectations through the Bank's strong and clear commitment. Thereafter, the Bank has pursued further monetary easing as appropriate; it expanded QQE in October 2014, followed by the introduction of the negative interest rate policy in January 2016. Thanks to a series of powerful monetary stimulus measures, Japan's economy has improved significantly during a period of more than three and a half years. The excessive appreciation of the yen has been corrected, and stock prices have increased substantially. Corporate profits have marked historical high levels, and business fixed investment has recovered. With regard to the employment and income situation, the unemployment rate has declined to as low as 3 per cent, which is virtually full employment, and wages have continued to rise moderately. On the price front, Japan's economy is no longer in deflation, which is commonly defined as a sustained decline in general prices, although there remain effects on inflation due to the significant fall in crude oil prices.2013年 4月，为了尽早实现 2%的价格稳定目标，日本央行引入了前所未有的大规模货币宽松政策，即“定性、定量的货币宽松政策（QQE）”。该宽松政策的主要传递机制是降低实际利率，采取的方法为：1.通过大规模购买日本政府债券，对整个收益率曲线上的利率施加向下的压力；2. 通过银行强有力且明确的承诺，提高人们的通胀预期。此后，日本央行适当采取了进一步的货币宽松政策；2014年 10月，日本央行进一步扩大了 QQE。随后，于 2016年 1月引入了负利率政策。在超过三年半的时间内，得益于一系列强有力货币措施的刺激，日本的经济得到了显著改善。日元的过度升值已得到纠正，股票价值已大幅提升。企业利润已达到了历史较高水平，企业固定资产投资已得到恢复。关于就业与收入状况，日本的失业率已降至 3%，几乎达到了充分就业的水平，工资收入在稳步提升。在价格方面，日本经济已经不再处于通货紧缩状态（通货紧缩通常被定义为“商品价格普遍持续下滑”），但由于原油价格的大幅度下滑，对通货膨胀仍存在一些影响。References:参考内容：Statement on Monetary Policy (January 31, 2017)货币政策声明（发布于 2017年 1月 31日）New Framework for Strengthening Monetary Easing: "Quantitative and Qualitative Monetary Easing with Yield Curve Control" (September 21, 2016)加强货币宽松政策的新框架：“定性、定量的货币宽松政策+收益率曲线控制”（发布于 2016年 9月21日）A New Phase of the Global Economy and Challenges Facing Japan's Economy, Speech at the Meeting of Councillors of Nippon Keidanren (Japan Business Federation) in Tokyo (December 26, 2016)全球经济的新阶段与日本经济面临的挑战，出自日本经济团体联合会于东京议员会议上的讲话（发表于2016年 12月 26日）

参考网站：http://www.boj.or.jp/en/announcements/release_2017/k170131a.pdf, http://www.boj.or.jp/en/announcements/release_2016/k160921a.pdf, http://www.boj.or.jp/en/announcements/press/koen_2016/data/ko161226a1.pdf.¨

Page 24 (para. 2.7)"Japan is also a party to the Information Technology Agreement (ITA) and has actively participated in the ITA product expansion negotiations (ITA II). Japan deposited an instrument of acceptance with the WTO on 1 June 2015."

Question:3. Has Japan completed its domestic procedures regarding the expansion of ITA? When

will it be implemented? 请问日本 ITA扩围谈判协定是否已完成国内审批程序？预计何时将正式实施？

RESPONSEThe Government of Japan has submitted the Expansion of the Information Technology Agreement to the Diet on 24th February, and now waits for its approval by the Diet.回答：日本政府已于 2月 24日向国会提交了 ITA扩围谈判协定，目前正在等待国会批复。Page 24 (Paragraph 2.12)"Japan is an active participant in the APEC and ASEM fora which held their respective summits (Leaders' Meetings) in November 2015 and in July 2016…"

Question4. According to our knowledge, Japan has drafted a plan for environmental

services under the framework of APEC. Please kindly indicate Japan's further plan to promote liberalization of trade in environmental services in APEC in the future.在APEC框架下，日方起草了环境服务行动计划，请问日方在未来对于推动 APEC环境服务贸易自由化方面有何进一步计划？

Page 25(para. 2.21)"The Act on National Strategic Special Zones of 2013 provides for the designation of zones based on the expectation that regulatory reform will lead to increased investment. According to the authorities, precise details for each zone are to be decided by consensus between the national government, local authorities, and the private sector."…

Question:5. Is the Act on National Strategic Special Zones available on any official website? Is there

a copy in English? How to obtain information on the policies and regulations of each National Strategic Special Zone?请问，《国家战略特区法》是否在官方网站上公布，有无英文译本？如何获得每个国家战略特区的政策规定相关信息？

RESPONSE回答Information on National Strategic Special Zones (NSSZ), including the law establishing them, and the policies and plans of each individual zone, can be viewed on their websites. While no English translations of the laws are available, there is an English-language website which provides an overview of NSSZs.有关国家战略特区的信息，包括每个独立特区的法律制定条款、政策与计划，均可在各个特区的网站上查看。目前尚无这些法规的英文译本，但有一家英文网站可提供有关国家战略特区的概况介绍。

・ Act on National Strategic Special Zones (Japanese) http://law.e-gov.go.jp/htmldata/H25/H25HO107.html

《国家战略特区法》（日文版）

网站：http://law.e-gov.go.jp/htmldata/H25/H25HO107.html

・ National Strategic Special Zones (Japanese) http://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/singi/tiiki/《国家战略特区法》（日文版）网站：http://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/singi/tiiki/

・ The overview of NSSZs, the projects of each zone (English)http://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/singi/tiiki/kokusentoc/pdf/jigyou_all_e.pdf. 国家战略特区概述，每个特区的项目（英文版）网站：http://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/singi/tiiki/kokusentoc/pdf/jigyou_all_e.pdf.

Page 72 (Table 3.28)Table3.28 ： Procurement by type of service, 2013 and 2014

Type of service2013 2014Total value(¥100 million)

Foreign share (%)

Total value (¥100 million)

Foreign share (%)

Total 9,625.3 1.4 9,540.2 1.4…… ……Sewage and refuse disposal, sanitation and other environmental protection

92.2 0.0 289.6 0.0

Other 671.0 0.2 165.6 0.0

n.a. Not applicable.

Source: Prime Minister's Office online information (in Japanese). Viewed at: http://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/kanbou/26tyoutatu/dai2/dai2honbun.pdf and http://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/kanbou/27tyoutatu/dai2/dai2honbun.pdf.

Question:6. In 2013 and 2014, foreign share in the procurement of Sewage and refuse disposal, sanitation and other environmental protection services reads zero according to table 3.28, please kindly clarify if Japan applies any restriction or threshold to access in government procurement of environmental services. 在 2013至 2014年期间，对于表 3.28中的污水、废物处置、卫生以及其他环境保护方面服务采购外资比重为 0，请问日方对环境服务的政府采购是否实施了限制或存在准入门槛？RESPONSEIn the area of sewage and refuse disposal, sanitation and other environmental protection, there is no other restriction or threshold of access vis-à-vis foreign suppliers than those set out in Annexes of Japan to the GPA.回答：在污水、废物处置、卫生以及其他环境保护方面，除了《政府采购协议》附件中的规定，日本并未对外国供应商设立额外的限制或准入门槛。Page 82(para. 3.198)"Various amendments were made to the Copyright Law in 2014. These include the amendment to implement the Beijing Treaty on Audiovisual Performances. In addition, revisions were made to the Act to clarify that not only books published on paper but also electronic books are covered by the right of publication. These amendments entered into force in 2015."

Question7. According to our knowledge, for TPP to enter into force, Japan planned to make further

amendments to its Copyright Law in 2016, including extending the term of protection, the classification of some infringement of copyright as crimes handled even without complaint, adding access control technical measures and penalty provisions, etc. Please specify Japan's progress on and latest direction of amendments to its Copyright Law. 据了解，2016年日本为配合 TPP生效，计划再次修订其《著作权法》，其中包括延长保护期、部分侵害著作权罪非亲告罪化、新增接触控制（access control）技术措施及其罚则等内容。请详细介绍日本修订其《著作权法》的具体进展和最新方向。RESPONSEThe bill to implement the Trans-Pacific Partnership including partial revisions of the Copyright Act was submitted to and passed the National Diet on 9th December 2016.Specifically, the Copyright Act was revised concerning the extension of the term of protection for copyrighted works, etc., certain crimes of copyright infringement to be made prosecutable without the need for a formal complaint, improvement of a system for pre-established damages, and improvement of a system of effective technological measures for managing use of copyrighted works, etc.回答：实施《跨太平洋伙伴关系》的法案，包括部分《著作权法案》的修订已提交至国会，并于 2016年 12月9日，得到了国会批准。特别要说明的是，在《著作权法案》中，有关延长版权著作保护期、部分侵害著作权罪非亲告罪化、为了管理版权著作的使用，而对预先设定的损害赔偿机制和有效技术措施机制的改善等内容进行了修订。Page 93(para 4.11)Agricultural policy in Japan uses a comprehensive set of policy measures which result in a relatively high level of protection and support to producers for most products, with the exception of export subsidies, which Japan does not have the right to use under its WTO commitments. “日本的农业政策使用了一组综合的政策措施，对大多数产品生产者提供了相对较高水平的保护和支持，出口补贴例外，日本按照其 WTO承诺无权使用出口补贴。”Question8. Could Japan please introduce this comprehensive set of policy measures and the implementing effect? 请日本介绍支持其生产者的综合政策措施和实施效果？Does Japan have any plan to reduce the level of protection and support for domestic producers? 日本是否有计划在农业政策方面削减对国内生产者的保护和支持？

RESPONSEAgriculture plays an important role in stabilizing the food supply, developing regional economies, and maintaining local societies in every country. In light of these objectives, the Government of Japan has implemented necessary agricultural policies, such as budgetary and legislative measures in accordance with the WTO Agreement. Specific measures are explained in the reports by the Government and by the Secretariat.The current level of agricultural tariffs and the commitment on domestic support were a result of the UR negotiations. We cannot prejudge the future development of those negotiations.回答：对每个国家而言，农业都发挥着稳定粮食供应、发展区域经济以及维持当地社会稳定的作用。鉴于这些目的，日本政府采取了必要的农业政策，如符合世贸协定的预算和立法措施。对于具体的措施，日本政府和秘书处在报告中进行了说明。当前的农业关税水平和对本国农业提供支持的承诺是乌拉圭回合谈判的结果。我们无法预知这些谈判的未来发展方向。

Page 110(para. 4.88)Existing foreign bank branches that were active in Japan before the entry into force of the amended law were not evaluated by the new licensing standards, and no re-licensing scheme exist. However, the new licensing standards have been incorporated into supervision criteria; thus, "existing" foreign bank branches are evaluated and supervised by the new licensing standards. 修改的法律生效前已在日本营业的现行外国银行分支机构没有按照新的许可要求进行评估，也没有重新许可的安排。然而，新的许可标准已被纳入监管标准，因此‘现行’的外国银行分支机构将按新的许可标准评估和监管。Question9. Does Japan acquiesce the "current" foreign bank branches meeting the new standards automatically? 日本是否默认“现行”外国银行分支机构自动符合新的标准？RESPONSEThere is no re-licensing scheme, but the Financial Services Agency supervises foreign bank branches by the Comprehensive Guidelines for Supervision of Major Banks in which the new licensing standards have been incorporated.回答：目前没有重新批准的计划，然而，新的许可标准已被纳入《重要银行综合监管方针》中，金融厅会据此对外国银行分支机构进行监管。Question10. How will Japan react if the "existing "foreign bank branches do not meet the new standards? 如有“现行”外国银行分支机构不符合新的标准，日本将如何做？RESPONSEIf the Financial Services Agency (FSA) finds in daily supervision that a foreign bank branch fails to meet the standards, the FSA will require correction of such branch回答：在日常监管过程中，如金融厅（FSA）发现某家外国银行分支机构不符合新的标准，金融厅会要求该分支机构作出修正。Page 112(para. 4.95)The regulatory framework of telecommunication services in Japan has been described in detail in previous TPR reports 1; since Japan's previous review, it has undergone a few changes concerning: the mobile interconnection regime, consumer information and protection, SIM card unlocking and the duration of mobile contracts. 日本的电信服务监管体系已在上次贸易政策审议报告中详细介绍过，此后，仅在移动互联互通政策、用户信息保护、SIM卡解锁以及移动合约有效期等方面有些变化Question11. If foreign enterprises intend to set up a company to provide telecom services in Japan, what are the required documents for the foreign enterprises to submit to the MIC? And how shall they be submitted? How long will the examination take? Are there any cases that foreign enterprises did not get permits or succeed in filing for the record? If yes, please explain the reasons. 如果外国企业有意在日本设立公司提供电信服务，需以何种方式向总务省（MIC）提交哪些材料，审核期多长。是否有未获许可或未成功登记备案的情况，原因是什么？RESPONSEWhen telecommunication businesses prescribed in Paragraph 4 of Article 2 of the Telecommunication Business Act intend to start running their business, they are required to be registered according to Article 9 of the Act, or to notify as prescribed in the Section 1 of Article 16 of the Act. In this case they have to submit the documents prescribed in Article 4 or 9 of the Telecommunication Enforcement Regulation, to the Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications. About the review period, in accordance with the Article 6 of the Administrative Procedure Act, the registration prescribed in Article 9 of the

1 WTO documents WT/TPR/S/276, 15 January 2013 and WT/TPR/S310/Rev.1, 6 May 2015.

Telecommunication Business Act is accorded a standard period of one month. No foreign businesses have been denied until now their requests for registration prescribed in the Article 9 of Telecommunication Business Act.回答：《电信商业法》第二条第四段中提到，计划在日本运营业务的电信企业，需按照该法案第九条的规定进行登记，或者按照该法案第十六条第一部分的规定进行上报。此后，该企业需按照《电信实施条例》第四或九条的规定，将相关材料提交给内务和通讯部部长。关于审核期，根据《行政程序法》第六条的规定，《电信商业法》第九条中提到的“登记”，其标准审核期为 1个月。截至目前，针对《电信商业法》第九条中提到的“登记”请求，尚不存在外国企业无法成功登记的情况。Page 113(para. 2)…"the Telecom Business Act was amended in May 2015 (with entry into force of the amendments in May 2016) so as to promote fair competition and encourage the entry of new mobile virtual network operators (MVNO).... Under the new regime, MIC Ordinance No. 31 of 29 March 2016 precisely defines the interconnection obligations as well as the calculation method and procedures for interconnection fees to be paid by MVNOs, which are based on reasonable costs under efficient management plus reasonable profit."

Question12. Please introduce the detailed amendments to the Telecom Business Act and the purpose for such amendments. 请介绍《电信商业法》修订的具体内容以及修订的目的。RESPONSEPlease refer to answers to questions 13 and 14.回答：请参考问题 13和问题 14的回答。Question13. Please introduce the rules and regulations on the interconnection of MVNOs, as well as the calculation method for interconnection fees paid by MVNOs. Please provide the full text of MIC Ordinance No. 31. 请介绍关于移动虚拟运营商的互联规定和结算费用计算方法，并提供第 31号令的全文内容。RESPONSEUnder the Telecommunications Business Act (Article 34), facilities of MNOs that have more than 10% share of terminals are designated as "Category 2 Designated Facilities" (Cat.2 facilities). MNOs which have Cat.2 facilities (NTT DOCOMO, KDDI, Okinawa Cellular Telephone Company (a local subsidiary company of KDDI) and SoftBank) are obliged to file with MIC and publish their interconnection charges, terms and conditions. In May 2015, the Act was amended to add several obligations regarding interconnection with telecommunication carriers, including MVNOs, such as an obligation to specify interconnection charges for functions specified by an MIC ordinance. The interconnection charge caps consist of "reasonable costs" and "reasonable profits". The detailed calculation method is specified in MIC Ordinance No. 31 from 2016. Additionally, there are general rules for interconnection, such as an obligation to accept requests for interconnection (Article 32 of Telecommunications Business Act), and schemes for dispute settlement between operators (Article 35 and 39, etc.). For the full text of MIC Ordinance No. 31 which was promulgated on March 31, 2016, please refer to the following URL:http://www.soumu.go.jp/menu_hourei/s_shourei.html.回答：根据《电信商业法》（第三十四条）的规定，如果移动网络运营商的设备超过终端份额的 10%，则被指定为“II类指定设备”（II类设备）。拥有 II类设备的移动网络运营商（NTT DOCOMO公司、KDDI公司、冲绳移动电话公司（Okinawa Cellular Telephone Company，KDDI的一家当地子公司）、软银

集团（SoftBank））有义务向总务省（MIC）上报并公布其互联费用、条款与规定。2015年 5月，出台了该法案的修订案，增加了有关电信运营商（包括移动虚拟运营商）互联的一些义务，例如：对于总务省号令中提到的功能，需详细说明其互联费用。该互联费用包括“合理成本”与“合理收益”。2016年发布的总务省第 31号令中，对费用计算方法进行了详细说明。此外，还有与互联有关的通用规则，如接受互联请求的义务（《通信商业法》第 32条），以及运营商之间的争端解决方案（第 35条和第 39条等）。总 务 省 第 31 号 令 的 全 文 内 容 已 于 2016 年 3 月 31 日 公 布 ， 请 参 考 该 网 址 ： http://www.soumu.go.jp/menu_hourei/s_shourei.html

Page 112(para. 4.96)The Telecom Business Act was amended in May 2015 (with entry into force of the amendments in May 2016) so as to promote fair competition and encourage the entry of new mobile virtual network operators (MVNO). 2015年 5月对《电信事业法》进行来修正以促进公平竞争和鼓励移动虚拟运营商（MVNO）进入市场。Question14. Could Japan please introduce the market access policy of MVNO and the current development of MVNO? 能否对MVNO 的市场准入政策和发展情况进行介绍？RESPONSEBy the amendment of the Telecommunication Business Act in May 2015 (enforced in May 2016), the rules and regulations concerning interconnection between MVNOs are as answered to Q13. The number of subscribers of MVNOs is 14.27 million at the end of September 2016 (up by 33.0% from the year-earlier month), and there are 611 MVNOs.回答：依据 2015年 5月提出的《电信商业法》修正案（于 2016年 5月开始执行），与移动虚拟运营商互联有关的规范与条例，已在问题 13中进行了回答。截至 2016年 9月底，移动虚拟运营商的用户量为 1427万人（同比增长了 33.0%），移动虚拟运营商数量共计 611家。Questions based on Report by Japan (WT/TPR/G/351)Page 11(para. 2.35)In the Japan Revitalization Strategy 2016 (decided by the Cabinet in June 2016), the Japanese Government stated that it "will also aim to increase the amount of inward FDI to ¥35 trillion by 2020 (¥24.4 trillion at the end of 2015)". 在 2016日本复兴战略（2016年内阁决定）中，日本政府表示‘到 2020年将外国直接投资流入数量增加到 35万亿元（2015年底为 24.4万亿元）’。Question15. What measures does Japan intend to adopt to achieve this goal? 日本打算采取哪些措施来实现这一目标？RESPONSEIn addition to reforms to regulations in individual fields such as energy, healthcare and agriculture, the Government of Japan aims to realize "the most business-friendly county in the world", and introduces a new methodology for regulatory and institutional reforms to promote regulatory reforms, simplification of administrative procedures, and evolution of information technology in an integrated and unified manner from the entrepreneur's perspective回答：除了在能源、医疗和农业等领域进行的监管改革，为了成为“全球最有利于商业运作的国家”，日本政府还引进了一项监管和机构改革的新方法，从企业家的角度，通过综合、统一的方式，来推动监管改革、简化管理流程并实现信息技术的革新。Page 18(para. 4.26) "As for the telecommunications sector, in keeping with the spread of the smart phone and diversification of public wireless LAN, the definition of a public wireless LAN access service was widened in order to impose obligations on Telecommunications Carriers to explain conditions of offering services when concluding a contract. "

Question16. Please further explain the definition of a public wireless LAN access service and introduce the context under which it has been revised and its implementation situation. 请介绍公共无线局域网接入服务定义的具体内容、修订背景及实施情况。RESPONSEUnder Article 26 of Telecommunication Business Act, telecommunication business etc. are required to explain the offer conditions that users should understand when they conclude contracts. The Telecommunication Enforcement Regulation is amended to stretch the target of public wireless LAN of telecommunication services to services for mobile telecom terminals, such as wireless LAN enabled smart phones, and services that access facilities of non-telecommunication business. The amendment has been enforced since March 2015. Now the contents for regulation of specified telecommunication services are specified in each paragraph of Section 1 of Article 26 of the Telecommunication Business Act.回答：依据《电信商业法》第 26条的规定，电信企业有义务对其提供的条款进行说明，用户在订立合同时应对这些条款有所了解。为了拓展公共无线局域网的通信服务范围，对《电信实施条例》进行了修订，将移动通信终端的接入服务（如接入无线局域网的智能手机）和非通信业务设备的接入服务纳入其中。该修订案自 2015年 3月起开始实施。目前，《电信商业法》第 26条第 1部分对特定电信服务的监管内容进行了分段说明。Other Questions17. According to Annex14 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, Contracting states shall certify aerodromes used for international operations and as a recommendation that states should certify aerodromes open to public. Please kindly indicate the policies and practices through which Japanese government, as a member of ICAO, performs this obligation. Please also indicate how Japan manages aerodromes not open to public, especially General Aviation Airports, including management during construction and operation, as well as requirements on reports of a record nature, if any. Note: "aerodromes" include all kinds of facilities covered by Annex14, including any airport, heliport, seaplane base, manned balloon launching facility, or other aircraft landing or takeoff area.按照国际民航组织公约附件十四要求，各成员国应对“供国际运行的机场”开展合格审定并宜将此做法扩大到“对公众开放的机场”。作为国际民航组织的成员国，日本政府是通过何种政策履行这一义务的，大致做法是怎样的。对于“非对公众开放”的机场，尤其是对通用航空机场又是如何实施管理的，包括建设和运行期间的管理以及可能的备案性质的报告要求。注意，此处的“机场”（aerodromes）包括符合“附件十四”定义中涵盖的各类设施（facilities），（including any airport, heliport, seaplane base, manned balloon launching facility, or other aircraft landing or takeoff area.）RESPONSEThe Government of Japan applies aerodrome certification to all aerodromes open to the public.The inspection is conducted on aerodromes not open to the public, to ensure they are managed adequately. The record of necessary information in the business log is required for those aerodromes回答：对于所有“对公众开放的机场”，日本政府都会进行合格审定。审核过程是在“非对公众开放的机场”上完成的，以确保对这些机场进行了完善的管理。这些机场需要商业日志中进行其必要信息的备案。18. Are there any restrictions on foreign investment in air services such as airports, General Aviation / Specialty Air Services, aviation fuel, Ground Handling Services, Aircraft repair and maintenance services, air transport services and CRS, in terms of investment, cross-border services, etc.? If so, please specify the measures, e.g. requirements on foreign ownership ratio or commercial presence. Is there any plan or schedule on further

liberalization? 对于外商投资机场、通航、航空油料、地面服务、飞机维修、空运服务、计算机订座系统（CRS）等航空性相关服务在投资或跨境服务等方面是否存在任何限制？如有限制具体措施是什么？如，对外资的股比或商业存在要求等。是否有进一步扩大开放的计划和时间表？RESPONSEThere are no restrictions on foreign investment in airports, aviation fuels, ground handling services and CRS.回答：外商在机场、航空油料、地面服务和计算机订座系统（CRS）方面的投资，不存在任何限制。1. Regarding aerial work business prescribed in the Civil Aeronautics Act which corresponds to Specialty Air Services, there are the following restrictions on foreign investment.First, the prior notification requirement under the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Act applies to foreign investors who intend to make investments, such as acquiring stocks amounting to at least 10% ownership of shares in listed companies, or shares in unlisted companies, in aerial work business in Japan.Second, the permission of the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism for conducting aerial work business will not be granted to the following natural persons or entities applying for the permission:(a) a natural person who does not have Japanese nationality;(b) a foreign country, or a foreign public entity or its equivalent;(c) a legal person or other entity constituted under the laws and regulations of any foreign country; and (d) a legal person represented by the natural persons or entities referred to in subparagraph 1(a), (b) or (c); a legal person of which more than one-third of the members of the board of directors are composed of the natural persons or entities referred to in subparagraph 1(a), (b) or (c); or a legal person of which more than one-third of the voting rights are held by the natural persons or entities referred to in subparagraph 1(a), (b) or (c).In the event a person conducting aerial work business falls under a natural person or an entity referred to in subparagraphs 1(a) through (d), the permission will lose its effect. The conditions for the permission also apply to companies, such as holding companies, which have substantial control over the person conducting aerial work business.Last, a foreign aircraft may not be used for a flight between points within Japan.Incidentally, there is no plan on further liberalization of aerial work business.

2. Regarding air transport services, there are the following restrictions on foreign investment.First, the prior notification requirement under the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Act applies to foreign investors who intend to make investments, such as acquiring stocks amounting to at least 10% ownership of shares in listed companies, or shares in unlisted companies, in air transport businesses in Japan.

Second, the permission of the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism for conducting air transport businesses as a Japanese air carrier will not be granted to the following natural persons or entities applying for the permission:

(a) a natural person who does not have Japanese nationality;(b) a foreign country, or a foreign public entity or its equivalent;(c) a legal person or other entity constituted under the laws and regulations of any foreign country; and (d) a legal person represented by the natural persons or entities referred to in subparagraph 2(a), (b) or (c); a legal person of which more than one-third of the members of the board of directors are composed of the natural persons or entities referred to in subparagraph 2(a), (b) or (c); or a legal person of which more than one-third of the voting rights are held by the natural persons or entities referred to in subparagraph 2(a), (b) or (c).

In the event an air carrier falls under a natural person or an entity referred to in subparagraphs 2(a) through (d), the permission will lose its effect. The conditions for the permission also apply to companies, such as holding companies, which have substantial control over the air carriers.Third, a Japanese air carrier or a company having substantial control over such an air carrier, such as a holding company, may reject the request from a natural person or an entity set forth in subparagraphs 2(a) through (c), who owns equity investments in such an air carrier or company, to enter its name and address in the register of shareholders, in the event such an air carrier or company falls under a legal person referred to in subparagraph 2(d) by accepting such request.Fourth, foreign air carriers are required to obtain the permission of the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism to conduct international air transport businesses.Fifth, the permission of the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism is required for the use of foreign aircraft for air transportation of passengers or cargoes to and from Japan for profit.Last, a foreign aircraft may not be used for a flight between points within Japan.Incidentally, there is no plan on further liberalization of air transport services.

3. Regarding ownership of aircraft, there are the following restrictions on foreign investment.First, an aircraft owned by any of the following natural persons or entities may not be registered in the national register:(a) a natural person who does not have Japanese nationality;(b) a foreign country, or a foreign public entity or its equivalent;(c) a legal person or other entity constituted under the laws of any foreign country; and(d) a legal person represented by the natural persons or entities referred to in

subparagraph 3(a), (b) or (c); a legal person of which more than one-third of the members of the board of directors are composed of the natural persons or entities referred to in subparagraphs 3(a), (b) or (c); or a legal person of which more than one-third of the voting rights are held by the natural persons or entities referred to in subparagraph 3(a), (b) or (c).

Second, a foreign aircraft may not be registered in the national register.Incidentally, there is no plan on further liberalization of aircraft owners.

4. As for aircraft repair and maintenance services, based on the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Act, prior notifications to the authorities are required for inward foreign investment.If foreign investors are making investments such as acquiring stocks amounting to at least 10% ownership of shares in listed companies, or shares in unlisted companies, in certain designated sectors, the Act requires them to make prior notification.The Government of Japan is making constant efforts to review the restriction framework on inward foreign investments.

Question19. We have noticed in the negative lists of trade agreements between Japan and other countries and regions (e.g. TPP and FTA with Switzerland) that Japan maintains the right to review foreign investment in telecommunication and internet-based services. 我们在日本与一些国家和地区签署的贸易协定（如 TPP以及与瑞士签署的 FTA）负面清单中发现，日本保留了对电信和基于互联网的服务进行外资审查的权利。Could Japan please introduce how they conduct the review of foreign investors in telecommunication and internet services, including the subject, the scope and the procedures of the review? 能否对日本对电信和互联网服务的外国投资者的审查主体、审查范围、审查程序进等行介绍？RESPONSEUnder the provisions of the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Act, for telecommunication and Internet services, inward FDI for registered operators, stipulated in Article 9 of the Telecommunications Business Act, is subject to a prior notification (for the Listed companies limited to acquisition of more than 10% of shares), and the notification is to be screened in accordance with the Act and its relevant regulations. The examination is made on a case-by-case basis in view of certain criteria, such as national security, public order and public safety.回答：根据《外汇与外贸法》中有关电信和网络服务的规定以及《电信商业法》第 9条所规定的内容，外商投资注册的运营商应接受事先检查（收购的上市公司股份不得超过 10%），按照《电信商业法》及其相关条例进行审查。审查时，将参照国家安全、公共秩序与公共安全等特定标准，针对具体案例逐一进行。ADDITIONAL REPLIES - CHINA

Q1. How many Category I and II operators invested by foreign investors are there in Japan

at the moment and which countries are they mainly from and how is their operation? 目前在日本已有多少家外商投资的第一类、第二类运营商，主要来自哪些国家，运营状况如何？RESPONSEAccording to public information, there are shareholders without Japanese nationality who own shares in telecommunication carriers (including their parent companies) that install Category I and Category II designated telecommunications facilities. However, MIC does

not have all the information on the detailed numbers and the nationality of such shareholders.

回答：据公共信息得知，有一些非日本国籍的人士持有电信运营商（包括其母公司）的股份，这些运营商安装有I类和 II类指定的电信设备。但对于这些股东的具体人数和国籍情况，总务省（MIC）尚未获得到全部信息。Q2. What taxation preferential policies is Japan adopting in telecommunication sector for

foreign enterprises? 请问，日方在电信领域对外国企业是否有税收优惠政策？RESPONSEIn the telecommunication sector, there is no preferential policy applied only to foreign enterprises.回答：在电信领域，没有专门针对外国企业的税收优惠政策。Q3. What are the calculation method and procedures of the interconnection fees provided

by the Japanese Government and to be paid by mobile virtual network operator? 日本政府规定的移动虚拟网络运营商支付的互联互通费用的计算方法和程序是怎样的？RESPONSEAs we stated in the previous answer, the detailed calculation method and procedure of the interconnection fees are specified in MIC Ordinance No.31 in 2016. Please refer to the following URL: http://www.soumu.go.jp/menu_hourei/s_shourei.html. As for the outline, please refer to the following PPT.回答：我们在之前的回答中提到过了，关于费用的计算方法和程序，在总务省 2016年发布的第 31号令中有详细说明。请查阅下列网址：http://www.soumu.go.jp/menu_hourei/s_shourei.html。对于相关概述，请查阅下方的 PPT内容。

计算方法非捆绑功能的关税须低于或等同于按照法令指定方法计算出的价格。该计算方法可简单的用这个公式表示：单位价格≤合理成本+合理利润/总需求

合理成本与利润

Q4. Is there any case in Japan that mobile virtual network operators are unable to continue operation or go bankrupt. If any, how do Category I operators and virtual operators share

their responsibilities and how do they deal with the problems arising from such running

discontinuation or bankruptcy? 日本是否有移动虚拟网络运营商无法继续运营或破产的案例，如有，第一类运营商和虚拟运营商如何划分责任，用户善后如何处理？RESPONSEWhen telecommunication carriers suspend or abolish all or part of their business, they are required to report that to the Minister of Internal Affairs and Communications in accordance with the Telecommunication Business Act ("Act"). This requirement applies to mobile virtual network operators as well, but the reason for the suspension or abolition is not required to be reported. In addition, telecommunication carriers including mobile virtual network operators are obliged, in advance, to disseminate information on the suspension or abolition to users in accordance with the Act.回答：按照《电信商业法》“法案”规定，电信运营商在暂停或取消全部或部分业务时，需向内务和通信部部长提交报告。这项规定也适用于移动虚拟网络运营商，但无需对业务暂停或取消的原因进行说明。此外，依照该法案，电信运营商（包括移动虚拟网络运营商）有义务将业务暂停或取消的信息提前告知用户。Question 5. The voluntary measures (Procedures for Government Procurement of Products) encourage the adoption of the overall-greatest-value evaluation method (OGV) where the lowest-price-award method is deemed inadequate. In addition, in the areas of computer products and services, telecommunication products and services, and medical technology products and services, when large procurement is conducted, it is obligatory under the

voluntary measures to apply the OGV. How is OGV provided and implemented? 日本政府采购中的自愿措施鼓励在授予最低价格供应商方法存在不足时，鼓励采用总体最佳价值评估法（OGV）。并且，大额采购计算机产品和服务、电信产品和服务、医疗技术产品和服务的，其自愿措施中必须采用总体最佳价值评估法。请问，日本采用的总体最佳价值评估法是如何规定和实施的？RESPONSE回答：The application of OGV is obligated under the voluntary measures for the specific government procurements as below:以下特定政府采购的自愿措施中，应采用总体最佳价值评估法（OGV）：・Computer products and services----------------- Over 800 thousand SDR计算机产品和服务 – 超过 80万 SDR

・Telecommunication products and services---- Over 385 thousand SDR 电信产品和服务 – 超过 38.5万 SDRor special order item或特殊订单项

・Medical technology products and services-----Over 385 thousand SDR医疗技术产品和服务 – 超过 38.5万 SDRor special order item或特殊订单项OGV can also be applied to government procurement that is considered by a procuring entity as suitable for the application of OGV, in accordance with the decision made through consultation between the procuring entity and the Minister of Finance. 如采购公司认为某项政府采购业务适合采用总体最佳价值评估法（OGV），经采购公司与财政部协商决定后，则可采用该评估方法。Q6. What is the development of the FY2015 Subsidy Program? Which innovation programs have been approved? Among these subsidy programs, are there any programs invested by

enterprises from other countries? 请问日本该项补贴项目进展如何？有哪些创新项目已经经过审批？补贴项目中是否有来自其他国家企业的投资项目？RESPONSEThis Subsidy Program will end on 31 March 2017 (end of FY2016). The contents of the selected 17 projects are not made public because they are confidential information. Nationalities of the selected companies or their parent companies are as follows. Australia, Canada, China, Germany, India, the Netherlands, Sweden, the UK and U.S.回答：该补贴项目将于 2017年 3月 31日结束（2016 财年末）。17项已选项目的内容为保密信息，因此未对外公布。已被选定的企业或其母公司的所属国家如下：澳大利亚、加拿大、中国、德国、印度、荷兰、瑞典、英国和美国。Q7. Can Japan provide information about the new energy efficiency standards and labelling

status for refrigerators, freezers and commercial vehicles? Are these standards mandatory?

日方能否提供新的冰箱和冰柜、商用汽车的能效标准和标识情况？这些标准是否是强制性标准？RESPONSEPlease see the next page to check the new energy efficiency standards and labelling status of electric refrigerators, electric freezers and commercial vehicles (small freight vehicles). These standards are mandatory for manufactors and importers in Japan.回答：请翻到下一页，查看有关电冰箱、电冰柜和商用汽车（小型货车）的新能效标准和标识情况。对日本的制造商和进口商而言，这些均为强制性标准。Q8. Does Japan have any plan to amend the energy efficiency standards for such industrial products such as electric machines and transformers? If any, can Japan introduce the plan

and expected timetable? 日方是否有对于电机、变压器等工业产品能效标准制修

订的计划？如果有计划，能否对计划和预期时间表进行介绍？RESPONSEThe Government of Japan does not have any plan to amend the energy efficiency standards for such industrial products now.回答：目前，日本政府没有修订此类工业产品能效标准的计划。

Q9. Can Japan introduce the listed technology in software? 日本可否提供软件类相关技术列表进行介绍？

RESPONSE回答Based on the agreement of the international export control regimes, we define software at one of the typed of the technology in Japanese Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Act. We introduce the listed technology in the table below. http://www.meti.go.jp/policy/anpo/matrix_intro.html根据国际出口管控机制协议的规定，在《日本外汇和外贸法》中，我们将“软件”定义为技术类型之一。我们会引入下方表格中列出的相关技术。网址：http://www.meti.go.jp/policy/anpo/matrix_intro.html

Please understand that we do not have the table in English. 我们尚未提供该表格的英译版，敬请谅解。In addition, CISTEC, non-profit organization in Japan gives support to industry's export control implementation.此外，日本的非盈利机构 -- 战略技术情报中心（CISTEC）会为该行业出口管控措施的执行提供相关支持。CISTEC has published a spreadsheet comparing Japan's list with the EU list on its homepage. Please refer the spreadsheet below for your reference.http://www.cistec.or.jp/service/eu_taihi.html战略技术情报中心（CISTEC）在其主页上发布了一份比较日本与欧盟软件技术的电子表格。请根据以下网址，查阅该表格的相关信息。 网址：http://www.cistec.or.jp/service/eu_taihi.html

Q10. Can Japan introduce the formulation and amendment procedures of the listed

technology in software? 日本能否对软件类该列表的制定和修改流程进行介绍？RESPONSE

The list is revised based on the agreement of the international export control regimes every year.回答：日本每年会根据国际出口管控机制协议对该列表进行修订。Q11. Can Japan introduce the specific contents and implementation effect of the Action

Program? 请日本介绍该行动计划的具体内容和实施效果？RESPONSE回答：It is as below that the major reform efforts in key areas.重点领域的主要改革措施如下：<Social Security Area><社保领域>

●After proceeding to thorough "visualization" of the facts of healthcare and long-term care benefits, the Government of Japan will analyze inputs and regional disparities and advance measures to correct them.进展到医疗和长期护理受益情况完全“可视化”之后，日本政府将对此项投入和区域差异进行分析并提出相关修正措施。- Activate incentive/disincentive system激励/抑制系统- Estimate "healthcare plus long-term care" cost per person by prefecture/basic-municipality, visualize it in various aspects通过了解不同方面的实际情况，估算县、市级内每个人的“医疗和长期护理”成本。●For the promotion of clinical specialization and collaboration, the Government of Japan will move up formulation of the regional healthcare vision by the end of FY2016 and take actions for improvement of delivery systems of healthcare. By formulating a medical cost optimization plan, the Government of Japan will take the initiative in the moderation.为了促进临床专业化与协作化程度，2016 财年末，日本政府将着手制定区域医疗的愿景，并采取能够改善医疗交付系统的措施。通过制定医疗成本优化方案，日本政府将主动降低医疗成本。●In order to promote disease prevention, prevention of aggravation, long-term care prevention, use of generic drugs and proper receiving of treatment, the Government of Japan will establish a framework with incentives to encourage both individuals and insurers to make efforts (insurer support system in National Health Insurance, a rule for increasing or reducing the amount of late-stage elderly support coverage, healthcare points, etc.).

为了促进疾病预防、防止病情恶化和长期护理、促进非专利药品的使用和接受适当的治疗，日本政府将建立一项含有奖励机制的框架，鼓励个人和保险公司为此作出努力（国民健康保险的保险公司支持系统，有关增加或减少晚期老年服务覆盖范围和医疗保健点数量的规定。）●The Government of Japan will clearly define the planning and execution schedule and the reform direction, regarding fairness in insurance contributions based on ability to pay and optimization of benefits.在支付能力和利益优化的基础上，有关保险赔付额的的公平性，日本政府将对此项计划、执行时间以及改革方向进行明确的定义。●Regarding reforms related to remuneration for medical treatment in terms of drug prices and dispensing and reforms related to pharmaceuticals, the Government of Japan will clarify actions needed for the FY2016 revision of remunerations for medical treatment, etc.关于医疗报酬方面（如药品价格和配药）和药品方面的改革，日本政府将明确提出，修订 2016 财年医疗酬劳所需采取的行动。<Social infrastructure improvement><社会基础设施的改善>

●Conversion of sustainable city structures and stock optimization可持续发展的城市结构转换和债券优化- The Government of Japan will realize compact and sustainable city structures and optimize public stock by "visualization" of information regarding maintenance cost and assets in each city. In addition, PPP/PFI scheme will be widely used by establishing nationwide platforms.日本政府将通过了解每座城市维护成本和资产的“可视化信息”，来打造紧凑、可持续发展的城市结构并优化国家债券。此外，通过建立全国性平台， PPP和 PFI模式将得到广泛应用。●Strategy for Social infrastructure improvement改善社会基础设施的战略方法- The Government of Japan will prioritize social infrastructure investment areas to maximize their stock effects. Long-life infrastructure system and infrastructure maintenance related industry will be developed. Construction industry reform will be facilitated to secure labor resources. In addition, productivity of construction will be increased.日本政府将优先考虑社会基础设施领域的投资，让股市影响达到最大化。与寿命较长的基础设施系统和基础设施维护相关的行业将得到发展。政府将推动建筑行业改革，以稳固劳动力资源。此外，建筑业的生产力将得到提高。<Local-government administrative and fiscal reform><地方政府的行政和财政改革>

●To encourage local governments' efforts for regional revitalization and administrative and fiscal reform, the Government of Japan will advance incentive reforms by reflecting

achievements in calculation of Vitalizing Local Economies project and introducing the Top Runner method (the reflection of the cost levels attained by expenditure efficient entities in calculations of a basic amount of fiscal demand for local allocation tax for the purpose of enforcing efficient expenditures)为了鼓励地方政府为区域振兴、行政和财政改革所作出的努力，日本政府将推行奖励性改革措施，其一是通过计算振兴当地经济的项目，来评估成效；其二是引入“Top Runner”方法（计算用于实施有效支出的地方分配税的基本财政需求，反映出“支出有效公司”所取得的成本水平）●Monitoring wage increase rate and capital investment growth rate as evaluation points for the economic effects derived from local governments' efforts监测工资增长率和资本投资增长率，作为当地政府取得经济成效的评估指标●"Visualization" of administrative cost per resident by nature and objectives in local government and "visualization" of stock information through improvement of the fixed asset ledger通过改进固定资产分类账，实现当地政府对每位居民行政成本（性质与目的）的“可视化”以及股票信息的“可视化”●To monitor changes of administrative cost per person by prefecture and the breakdown of their revenue source (e.g. local tax, local allocation tax and national treasury disbursement), by conducting "visualization" and generating a comparable situation Building a framework to check an outcome as a result of inputs (cost-effectiveness)监测县级行政区每位居民的行政成本变化及其收入来源的细分（例如：地方税、地方分配税和国库支出额），通过实现“可视化”和建立针对类似情况的框架，以核实投入取得的成效（即“成本效益”）●With model projects of operational reforms and creation of standard outsourcing specifications, accelerating proper outsourcing to the private sector, which leads to innovation in public services and industrialization of public-related services通过经营性改革的示范工程和创建外包标准规范，促进向私企部门的适当外包业务，这将带来公共服务领域的创新和公共相关服务的工业化发展。●Further promotion of innovation in local governments' public services by transition to cloud- computing technology and enforcing operational reforms, support for training persons who can promote IT strategy and securing human resources who can play a CIO role in local governments通过过渡到云计算技术、采取经营改革措施、培养能够推动 IT战略的人才并留住在当地政府中发挥着首席信息官作用的人力资源，实现当地政府在公共服务领域的进一步创新<Education, science and technology, diplomacy, national security and defense><教育、科技、外交、国家安全与国防>

●The Government of Japan will emphasize evidence of educational effects and promote experimental studies on education policy. Based on the progress, the Government of Japan

will present a midterm vision regarding quotas for teaching staff based on the declining birthrate and school issues. 日本政府将加强教育方面的影响，并推进教育政策的试验性研究。在当前进展的基础上，鉴于出生率下滑和学校相关问题，日本政府将提出有关教育工作者配额的中期愿景。●The Government of Japan will introduce private-sector funding to national universities and applied research, and define indexes of quality improvement of education and research.日本政府将为国家级大学和应用性研究注入私营部门的资金，并明确出教育和科研质量改善的评估指标。It is the implementation effect of the Action Program that this program was applied to FY2016 budgeting to steadily promote reforming expenditure measures, and the Government of Japan succeed to reduce the growth in general expenditure according to the benchmark defined by chapter 3 of "Basic Policy on Economic and Fiscal Management and Reform 2015" (decided by the Cabinet on June 30, 2015).

Q12. Can Japan provide information on the implementation and effect of the guideline? 请日本介绍该指导方针的实施情况和效果？RESPONSE回答：Based on the contents and schedule in "Five Promises for Attracting Foreign Businesses to Japan", The Government of Japan has been implementing measures to overcome language barriers, facilitate better internet connectivity, accommodate business jets at local airports, enhance educational environment for expatriate children, and strengthen services to support foreign enterprises. Relevant information is available at:http://www.invest-japan.go.jp/promotion/promise_en.pdf基于《吸引外国企业到日本的五项承诺》的内容和计划，日本政府一直在采取相关措施，来消除语言障碍、提高互联网的连通性、在当地机场经停商务机、提升外国儿童的教育环境和加强服务，以便为外国企业提供支持。通过下方网站，可查询到相关信息：网址：http://www.invest-japan.go.jp/promotion/promise_en.pdf

The amount of inward FDI has been steadily increasing and the valuation on Japan as a business location by foreign enterprises has been improving.外国对日本的直接投资额一直在稳步提升。外国企业对日本作为商业实体的估值在不断增加。Q13: Does Japan have any plan to streamline and optimize procedures for the allocation of

tariff quotas? 日本是否有简化和优化关税配额分配程序的计划？

Q14: If so, can Japan introduce the plan and the expected timetable? 如果有计划，日本

能否对该计划和预期时间表进行介绍？RESPONSEThe method of quota allocation and its administration is publicly announced through WTO notifications and Government's website and is conducted in a fair and transparent manner. The Government of Japan has no plan to change procedures for the allocation of tariff quotas.回答：对于配额分配和管理的方法，日本已采用公正、透明的方式，通过世贸组织公告和政府网站予以公布。日本政府没有更改关税配额分配程序的计划。Q15: Why is the average bound rate (WTO definition) higher than that in the last review (the average bound rate mentioned in the report by the Secretariat in the last review was

15.2)? 日本农产品平均约束关税为什么比上次审议时提高(上次审议秘书处报告中日本农产品平均约束关税为 15.2)？RESPONSEAlthough the method of calculation for the average bound rate stated in the report is not clear, the Government of Japan has not changed the bound rates since the last review.回答：报告中提到的有关平均约束关税的计算方法并不明确，但日本政府并未更改上次审议中提到的约束关税。Q.16.Does Japan have the intention in the future to further reduce the tariff peak in the

area of agricultural products? 日本是否有意在未来进一步减少农产品领域的关税高峰？RESPONSEThe current level of agricultural tariffs was a result of the Uruguay Round (UR) negotiations. The Government of Japan cannot prejudge the future development of the negotiations.回答：当前的农产品关税水平是乌拉圭回合谈判的结果。日本政府无法预判该谈判的未来发展方向。Q.17 No certificate reissuance for unused quotas will affect the actual completion rate of

import quotas. Does Japan have any plan to adjust this practice? 对未使用的配额不重新发放证书影响进口配额的实际完成率，请问日本是否有计划调整这一做法？RESPONSE

回答：If any amount of the quota remains unallocated, METI will re-allocate the unallocated portion to any applicant requesting additional import quotas.如有未分配的配额，日本经济贸易产业省（METI）将把未分配的配额，再次分配给提出额外进口配额申请的企业。METI has imposed penalties on importers in order to promote the full use of import quotas allocated to importers. 为了推动进口商对进口配额的充分利用，日本经济贸易产业省（METI）已对进口商实施了处罚。Concretely speaking, METI decides to allocate an adequate amount of import quotas for applicants (importers) after carefully examining their past achievement in relation to food product imports. METI does not allocate the import quota of marine products to an importer who fails to import more than 80% of its amount of import quotas allocated to the importer in the previous year, without rational reason.具体而言，日本经济贸易产业省（METI）决定，在仔细核实申请企业（进口商）过去在食品进口方面取得的成绩之后，将为其分配充足的进口配额。如海产品进口商的进口量未达到上一年其进口配额的 80%且无法提供正当理由，日本经济贸易产业省（METI）则不为此类进口商分配进口配额。Q18. Can Japan introduce how Japan relaxes the requirements for associations to file an application for an anti-dumping or countervailing action? What is the reason for relaxation?

Will the relaxation cause the abuse of trade remedy measures? 请日本介绍如何放宽协会提起反倾销或反补贴的门槛？放宽的理由是什么？放宽是否会导致贸易救济措施的滥用？RESPONSEWhile WTO Agreements have no provisions regarding requirements on industry associations to file an application on behalf of the domestic industry, Japan had requirements on industry associations in order to file an application. Japan amended Article 5 of the Cabinet Order Relating to Anti-Dumping Duties and Article 3 of the Cabinet Order Relating to Countervailing Duties so that an industry association which has at least two domestic producers of the like products as its members can file an application. However, even after this amendment, Japan still has requirements that are not stipulated in WTO Agreements. Therefore, regarding China's concerns, it is very unlikely that this amendment will lead to the abusive use of trade remedy measures in Japan.回答：对于工业协会代表本国提起申请方面，世贸协议没有相关规定，日本对此有一定的要求。日本修改了《内阁政令》与反倾销税有关的第 5条和与反补贴税有关的第 3条内容，其中规定，工业协会的会员中至少须有两家相关产品的生产商，该协会才可提出申请。但此次修订后，日本方面仍有一些未纳入世贸协议的要求。因此，针对中国的顾虑，此次修订导致日本出现贸易救济措施滥用的可能性将会非常小。

Q19. Can Japan introduce the implementation and effect of such tax reform agenda? 请日本介绍税收改革议程的实施情况和效果？RESPONSE回答：You can see the snapshots of the tax reforms during the reviewed period in the websites below.http://www.mof.go.jp/english/tax_policy/tax_reform/fy2016/tax2016a.pdfhttp://www.mof.go.jp/english/tax_policy/tax_reform/fy2015/tax2015a.pdf访问下列网站，你们可以看到税收改革审核期间的一些简要情况。网址：http://www.mof.go.jp/english/tax_policy/tax_reform/fy2016/tax2016a.pdf网址：http://www.mof.go.jp/english/tax_policy/tax_reform/fy2015/tax2015a.pdf

Furthermore, the estimated revenue impacts of these tax reforms are as tables below.此外，预计这些税收改革措施对收入的影响已于下方表格中列出。

Q 20: Can Japan introduce the situation and effect of operating STEs in Japan? 请日本介绍经营国营贸易企业的情况和效果？RESPONSEPlease refer to Japan's notification on STEs (G/STR/N/16/JPN).回答：请参考日本有关国营贸易企业的公告(G/STR/N/16/JPN)。Q21. As indicated in the report, as at late March, 2016, the proportion of JIS with corresponding international standards was 54.6%, which is lower than 55.3% in Japan's

reply in the last review. What is the reason for the decrease? 报告表明，到 2016年 3月底，日本工业标准中具有相应国际标准的比例是 54.6%，这个比例较上次审议时日方答复的相应比例 55.3%有所降低，这是为什么？RESPONSE

JIS standards are reviewed every year, and some outdated JIS standards are withdrawn. The numbers in the report are the result of such reviews.回答：日本每年都会对国际标准进行审核，一些过时的国际标准已不再采用。报告中数字的变化，正是此类审核的结果。Q22. What specific measures has Japan taken to improve the educational environment for

foreign children? 为改善外籍儿童的教育环境，日本采取了哪些具体措施？RESPONSE回答：In "promise 4" of "Five Promises for Attracting Foreign Businesses to Japan", the Government of Japan will enrich educational environment for children from overseas, and ensure people receiving an education in Japan to be able to communicate smoothly in English. Please refer to specific measures about "promise 4" at:http://www.invest-japan.go.jp/promotion/promise_en.pdf在《吸引外国企业来日本的五项承诺》中，其中“第四项承诺”提到，日本政府将丰富海外儿童的教育环境，确保在日本接受教育的儿童能流畅地用英语交流。请访问下方网址，查阅有关“第四项承诺”的具体措施：网址：http://www.invest-japan.go.jp/promotion/promise_en.pdf

Q23. Please introduce in detail the purpose and background of this procedure and the

specific procedural design. 请介绍引入这一程序的目的、背景以及具体程序设计。RESPONSE回答：The JFTC gives information about the purpose and background of this procedure and the specific procedural design on its website. Please refer to the following URL.http://www.jftc.go.jp/en/pressreleases/yearly-2013/Dec/individual131209.files/Attachment2.pdf日本公平贸易委员会（JFTC）在其网站上，提供了有关该程序的目的、背景以及具体程序设计的信息。请参考下方网址的内容。网址：http://www.jftc.go.jp/en/pressreleases/yearly-2013/Dec/individual131209.files/Attachment2.pdf.

Question 24: Please introduce in detail the specific contents of the new hearing procedure

and the procedural design. 请详细介绍新听证程序的具体内容和程序设计。RESPONSE回答：

In the new hearing procedure, a designated hearing officer will make the investigators for the case explain to the concerned parties the contents of the draft orders, including the facts found by the JFTC and the main evidence supporting them. The concerned parties may, following the investigators' explanations, raise questions to the investigators (if any), present their arguments, and submit relevant evidence.对于新的听证程序，一位指定的听证官会要求案件的调查人员，向相关各方说明草拟命令的内容，包括：日本公平贸易委员会（JFTC）获取的事实情况以及支持这些事实的主要证据。调查人员说明内容之后，相关各方可向调查人员提问（如有）、陈述观点并提交相关证据。The designated hearing officer will prepare a report describing the issues raised at the hearing and submit it to the JFTC. The JFTC is to give due consideration to this report in making its final decision.案件指定的听证官将编写一份报告，描述听证会上提出的问题，并将该报告递交到日本公平贸易委员会（JFTC）。日本公平贸易委员会将对此份报告给予适当考虑，继而做出最终决定。Q25. Japan raised the consumption tax rate in 2014, but another tax hike formerly planned in 2017 was postponed to 2019. Has Japan conducted any specific effect evaluation on the adjustment of the consumption tax rate (in terms of domestic consumption, fiscal revenue, inflation rate, etc.)? If any, according to the evaluation result, which aspects will be

affected by such increase of the rate? 日本在 2014年上调了消费税税率，之后原定于 2017年再次上调消费税税率的计划被推迟至 2019年实施。日本是否针对调整消费税税率开展了具体的效应评估（如对国内消费、财政收入、通货膨胀率等）；如有，则评估结果显示消费税税率上调的影响主要存在哪些方面？另外，请问审议期内消费税收入的规模及其占税收收入的比重是多少？RESPONSEThe increase of the consumption tax rate is thought to have various effects on the economy, such as a surge in last-minute demand and the ensuing reverse effect, and the effect from decrease in real income due to inflation. The consumption tax hike in April 2014 is thought to have had an effect on domestic consumption, fiscal revenue and inflation rate.回答：据分析，上调消费税税率将对经济产生多方面影响，例如：对最后一刻的需求激增及后续扭转的影响、对因通货膨胀造成实际收入减少的影响。2014年 4月消费税上调应该给国内消费、财政收入和通货膨胀率带来了一定影响。Q26. Are the tax incentives for companies that relocate their headquarters or enhance and expand the operations of their headquarters applicable to the newly established headquarters? Are there any preferential policies for site selection or incentives for the

industry, products, etc. available to the branches newly established in Japan by overseas

companies? 该节提到的总部扩大或者总部迁移的税收抵免，是否适用于新成立的公司总部。对于境外到日本新设成立的公司，是否有选址的优惠或者行业、产品等优惠激励政策？RESPONSEAs stated in paragraph 3.82 of the Report, Japan has the tax systems to strengthen regional bases for supporting tax measure for the purpose of remediation of concentration in Tokyo and revitalize regional economy. This system can be applied in cases where a corporation which has been certified under Local Revitalization Act. (Act No. 24 of 2005) relocates its headquarter function from the 23 wards to the building newly expanded in other regions, or expands its headquarter function in other regions. Therefore, it is not envisaged that the system is applied at the timing of the establishment of a corporation.回答：如报告中第 3.82段提到的，为了避免企业向东京集中且为了振兴地区经济，日本的一些税收制度能够加强地区基础，为税收措施提供支持。对于经《地方振兴法案》（2005年公布，法案第 24条）认证的企业，如该企业将其总部职能从东京 23区，搬迁至其他地区新扩建的建筑中，或者将其总部职能扩展到其他地区，则适用于该税收制度。因此，我们不认为，该税收制度适用于新成立的公司。Q27. As for tax incentives for companies that relocate their headquarters from Tokyo's 23 wards to other regions, would Japan please further explain the specific contents of policies, the scale of tax incentive and tax reduction, the number of actually relocated enterprises

and others? 请日方进一步介绍从东京 23区向其他地区搬迁企业所得税优惠的具体政策内容、税收优惠减税规模和实际搬迁企业数量等信息。RESPONSE回答：Regarding the specific contents of policies and the tax incentive, it is as shown in table3.9 on page 47-48 of the report.关于该政策和税收优惠的具体内容，请参考本报告第 47-48 页表格 3.9的内容。No data is available for the number of actually relocated enterprises and the actual tax reductions for relocated enterprises. For your information 13 enterprises' plans for relocation were approved by the end of February2017.关于实际搬迁企业数量和搬迁企业的实际减税规模，目前尚无相关数据。截至 2017年 2月底，共有 13家企业的搬迁计划已被批准，此信息仅供参考。Q28. Will there be any new incentives to replace the above-mentioned incentives that will

be abolished in March 2017, and what are the specific provisions? 该节提到的优惠政策或即将在今年三月废止，是否有新的优惠政策进行替代，具体规定如何？RESPONSEThere is no substitute for the incentives.回答：目前没有用来替代的优惠政策。Q29. Would Japan please specify the tax incentives applicable to the innovative basic research, the scale of such incentives, as well as the scope, applicable conditions and the

scale of R&D expenses qualified for such incentives? 请问日方提供基础研究创新活动适用哪些税收优惠，优惠规模是多少？可享受优惠的研发费用的范围、适用条件是什么，优惠规模是多少？RESPONSEAll of the categories listed on "Table 3.11" are applicable to innovative basic researches. Please refer to the below "Tax Incentives for Technological Innovation", which shows the summary of the tax incentives.回答：“表格 3.11”中列出的所有类别均可适用于基础创新研究活动。请参考下方的“用于技术创新的税收优惠”，这些内容是对税收优惠的总结。

Q30. In addition to the tax incentives specially offered for the innovative basic research, what tax incentive policies are released by Japan for the promotion of scientific innovation

during the review period? 除专门为基础研究创新活动提供税收优惠之外，日方在本次审议期内还出台了哪些促进科技创新的税收优惠政策？RESPONSEThe subject of tax credit system for R&D is not limited to basic researches but also applied researches and experimental developments.回答：用于研发费用的税费抵免制度不仅局限于基础研究活动，也适用于其他研究和实验拓展活动。Q31. As for the tax incentives for R&D, in addition to special R&D cost based credit for the universities or public research institutions, which enterprises are entitled to such tax incentives? Are there any special requirements, identification standards or approval

procedures? 关于研发费用扣除的税收优惠，除了针对大学和研究机构的特殊研发扣除之外（special R&D cost based credit）,可享受税收优惠的企业范围是什么，是否有特殊要求、认定标准和审批流程？RESPONSESpecial R&D cost based credit applies to joint R&D with other non-public corporations, as well as universities and public research institutions. For the application, enterprises are required to conclude qualified contracts for joint R&D with their partners. In addition, the expenses incurred for joint R&D need to be audited by outside experts and confirmed by their partners.回答：专门针对研发活动的税费优惠，可适用于联合其他非公有制企业、大学和公共研究机构进行的研发活动。申请税费抵免时，相关企业需就此次联合研发活动，与其他合作伙伴签订正式合同。此外，联合研发所涉及的花费需由外部专家进行审核并由合作方进行确认。Q32. Through which channels can enterprises be informed of above-mentioned incentive policies? Would Japan please explain how to guarantee that enterprises can be informed

and entitled to such tax incentives in time? 企业可以通过哪些渠道获取上述优惠政策的信息？日方如何保证企业及时知晓并享受税收优惠政策

RESPONSEDetailed information for private enterprises about the tax credit for R&D is available the website of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.回答：在经济产业省（METI）的网站上，有关于私营企业申请研发税费抵免的详细信息。Q33. Are the "guidelines for procedures to determine the details of 'reasonable remuneration or other economic profits'" mentioned in the Report only instructional guidelines or those that must be followed faithfully by employers and employees? In addition to procedures, do the guidelines include provisions on the standard or calculation

method of remuneration? Is there a Chinese or English version of the guidelines? 报告中提到的“确定‘合理的报酬或其它经济利益’的程序指南”，仅仅是指导性质的，还是雇主和雇员必须遵照执行的？该指南除了规定程序外，是否规定了报酬的标准或者计算方法？该指南是否有中文或英文版本？RESPONSEYes, the guidelines are instructional guidelines drafted from the perspective of due process between employer and employees. They do not include any specific calculation method. Their English translation will be available (its publication date is not yet decided.).回答：是的，这是一份指导性质的程序指南。该指南是从雇主和雇员之间正当程序的角度拟定的，其中并不包含任何具体的计算方法。该指南将提供英文版本（具体公布日期未定）。Q34. Having directly attributed an invention made by an employee to the employer, how does the Act ensure that the employee may receive the "reasonable remuneration or other economic profits" as prescribed? How to prevent employers from unreasonably depriving

employees' right to receive remuneration? 请问该法案将雇员的发明直接归属于雇主后，如何保障雇员能够获得所规定的“合理报酬或其他经济利益”？如何防止雇主不合理地剥夺雇员获得报酬的权利？RESPONSEIf an employer does not provide relevant employees with reasonable remuneration or other economic profits, or they deprive employees' right thereto, such employees may claim for reasonable remuneration etc. against the employer through civil lawsuits.回答：如果雇主不为其相关雇员提供合理的报酬或其他经济利益，或者雇主剥夺了雇员获得相应报酬的权利，受影响雇员可通过民事诉讼向雇主索要合理的报酬。

Q35. How many patent applications take advantage of the period of exception to lack of novelty each year in Japan? Has research been conducted on the demands of applicants to extend the periods of exception to lack of novelty? If so, can Japan provide the main

conclusion? 请问日本每年有多少专利申请利用了新颖性宽限期制度？对于申请人有关延长新颖性宽限期的需求，是否进行过调研，如果有，能否提供主要结论？RESPONSEIn Japan, the number of patent applications with an application for exceptions to lack of novelty of invention was about 3200 in 2015. In February 2011, the Intellectual Property Policy Committee of the Industrial Structure Council reported that the period of exception should be determined taking into account the trend of international discussion due to the existence of the opinion that the period should be internationally harmonized etc.Accordingly, JPO had gathered user's view in this regard. Finally, it is decided to extend the period to one year.回答：2015年，在日本的专利申请中，申请了新颖性宽限期的专利数量约为 3200例。在 2011年 2月，知识产权政策委员会（工业结构委员会）的报告指出，宽限期应考虑到国际讨论的趋势，鉴于这些意见的存在，该期限应体现出国际平衡性。相应来说，联合计划处（JPO）也就此征集了用户的看法。最终，决定将该期限延长至一年。Q36. Which department has taken the lead in forming the committee on trade facilitation? Is there a communication and contact mechanism with the business community? What are the specific contents of the work done by the committee, and what results have been

achieved? 贸易便利化委员会由哪个部门牵头，是否有与商界的沟通与联系机制？委员会的具体工作内容是什么，取得了哪些工作成效？RESPONSE"Liaison Conference on Trade Facilitation (LCTF)" was set up, in accordance with the provision of Agreement on Trade Facilitation, by the coordination of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs with other ministries concerned. At this point, there is no communication and contact mechanism with the business community. The LCTF was set up in April 2015, but the meeting has not been held so far.回答：按照《贸易便利化协定》的条款规定，通过外交部与其他相关部门的协调，成立了“贸易便利化联络会议（LCTF）”。目前，尚且没有与商界的沟通和联系机制。贸易便利化联络会议（LCTF）于 2015年 4月成立，但截至目前，该会议尚未举办过。

Q37. How to effectively implement safe access before the arrival of goods and realize trade

safety and facilitation through risk management? 如何利用风险管理有效开展货到前的安全准入，实现贸易安全和便利。RESPONSEJapan Customs realizes trade safety and facilitation through assessing risks from importers' declarations and carrying out a physical examination after the arrival of goods only when deemed necessary.回答：日本海关通过进口商的报关单来评估风险，并在货到后进行实际检查（仅在认为有必要时进行），从而实现贸易的安全与便利。Q38. How to realize the connection and coordination between risk management and PCA?

Please introduce relevant working procedures and mechanisms. 如何实现风险管理与后续稽查的联系和配合，请介绍相关工作流程与机制。RESPONSEJapan Customs selects importers for post-clearance audit in a risk-based manner, according to selectivity criteria, including their import volume and relevant information contained in their import declaration.回答：日本海关按照选择性标准，以风险管理的方式选择进口商进行后续稽查，稽查内容包括他们的进货量以及进口报单中的相关信息。Q39. Please introduce the progress of implementation of the objectives of the plan so far.

请日方介绍截至目前该计划的目标实施情况。RESPONSEThe target of halving the ratio of the primary deficit to GDP from the FY2010 by FY2015 (-3.2% of GDP in FY2015) has been achieved (the actual value is approximately -3.0%).(i)To achieve a primary surplus by FY2020 and to steadily reduce the debt to GDP ratio thereafter, the Government of Japan has established a concrete medium-term plan in 2015. In accordance the plan, the government is undertaking the measures intended to achieve economic revitalization and fiscal consolidation from both expenditure and revenue sides. (ii and iii)(Note) As written in report paragraph 2.5, the Government has delayed the planned second tax rate hike to 10% until October 2019.回答：

在 2010到 2015 财年（2015 财年占 GDP比例为-3.2%）期间，将基本赤字占 GDP比例减半的目标已经实现（实际数值约为-3.0%）。（i）在 2020 财年，实现基本盈余，并于此后稳步缩减债务占 GDP比例。日本政府已于 2015年制定了具体的中期计划。根据该计划，日本政府正在采取相关措施，以实现经济复苏并巩固财政收入与支出。（ii, iii）（注意）根据报告第 2.5段的内容，日本政府已将税率再次上调计划（至 10%）推迟到 2019年 10月。Q40. As the second consumption tax hike has been postponed to 2019, what impact will it have on the realization of the policy objectives of the plan, especially the objective in debt reduction? Have Japanese governmental departments conducted evaluation on the extent

of the impact in advance? If so, what are the evaluation results? 由于再次提高消费税的时间已推迟至 2019年，请问会对该计划的政策目标尤其是减债目标的实现产生何种影响，日本政府部门是否已对影响程度进行预先评估，如有，评估结果如何。RESPONSEThe consumption tax hike to 10% was postponed to October 2019, but the hike will be reflected to the national tax revenue almost completely by FY2020, therefore the postponement will not affect the goal of fiscal consolidation target to achieve a primary surplus by FY2020.回答：消费税税率上调至 10%的计划已被推迟到 2019年 10月，但截至 2020 财年，这次上调将能够充分地在国家税收中体现出来，因此，对于 2020 财年实现基本盈余的财政巩固目标，此次延期并不会对其造成影响。Q41. According to some enterprises, a number of Japanese technical standards in the food field are much stricter than international standards, constituting trade barriers. Would Japan explain how to minimize the negative impact of such measures on trade and prevent the discrimination against or disguised restriction on international trade in the risk evaluation of such measures as non-conforming to relevant international standards

according to SPS Agreement? 据部分企业反映，日方在食品领域多项技术标准远比国际标准严格，从而对贸易构成障碍。请问日方在根据 SPS协定对这些不符合相关国际标准的措施进行风险评估时，如何保证将该措施对贸易的消极影响减少到最低程度，并避免造成对国际贸易的歧视或变相限制？RESPONSE回答：The Government of Japan takes into account the Codex standards whenever reviewing Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) for agricultural chemicals and food additive standards, in accordance with Article 3.1 of the WTO SPS Agreement. The Government of Japan, when necessary, sets food standards different from Codex standards based on scientific

evidence. For example, more restrictive MRLs of pesticide in some commodities can be established to protect consumers' health if dietary exposure estimated from national consumption data is above health-based guidance value (e.g. ADI, ARfD). This measure is consistent with Article 3.3 of the SPS Agreement.根据WTO SPS协定，在审核农药最大残留量时，日本政府会参照国际食品法典标准（Codex）和食品添加剂标准。在必要情况下，日本政府会基于科学证据制定与国际食品法典标准不同的食品标准。例如，如根据国家消费数据统计，膳食中的摄入量超过了健康指导值（如每日允许摄入量、急性参考剂量），便可针对某些商品，制定更加严格的农药残留量限制标准，以保护消费者的健康。The Government of Japan continues to make an effort to establish food standards on the basis of sound science and in harmony with international standards.日本政府会继续依据合理的科学证据，努力制定与国际标准相一致的食品标准。Q42. Please explain why the planned self-sufficiency target for FY2025 is different from that for 2020, especially why the target calculated on calories basis is made lower while

the target on a production value basis is made higher. 请说明 2025年计划自给率目标与 2020目标出现变化的原因，特别是为什么以热量计的目标调低而以产值计的目标调高。RESPONSE回答：The Basic Plan in March 2010 set the self-sufficiency ratio target of 50% for FY2020 as a high target that can be achieved when all available resources are fully utilized. On the other hand, the actual caloric self-sufficiency ratio remains 39% since FY2010. Focusing more on the feasibility in FY2025, the Basic Plan in March 2015 set the self-sufficiency ratio target of 45% for FY2025.在 2010年 3月的基本计划中，将 2020 财年的自给率目标定为 50%，当充分利用了所有可用资源时，能够实现这一较高目标。另一方面，自 2010 财年起，以热量计的实际自给率一直保持在 39%。主要出于可行性方面的考虑，在 2015年 3月的基本计划中，将 2025 财年的自给率目标定为 45%。The two Plans assume different production patterns across agricultural products. Shift in production from one product to another can contribute to a lower caloric basis ratio and a higher value basis ratio, for example, when it is from one high caloric but low priced product to another.这两项计划着眼于农产品的不同生产模式。改为生产不同类型的农产品，将有助于降低以热量进行统计的自给率，同时提高以产值计的自给率，例如，从一种高热量、低价格的农产品，转为生产另一种农产品。Q43. Please explain why the Agricultural Land Act 2015 amendment relaxes conditions for a company to use agricultural land. Please explain what specific activities the companies leasing agricultural land are engaged in, whether the purpose of improving land use efficiency set in the Agricultural Land Act 2009 amendment has been fulfilled and whether such relaxation will cause the land to be diverted to other uses? Please introduce the "agricultural promotion region-based system and agricultural land diversion licensing system mentioned in Japan's reply to China's questions (Question No.43 and 44) regarding

agricultural land act in the last review on Japan's policy. 请说明新农地法放松公司使用

农业用地条件的原因。请介绍租用农地的公司实际从事什么具体活动，是否达到了 2009年修订农地法设定的提高土地使用效率的目的。放松相关条件是否会导致农地转变用途？请介绍日本对中国在上次政策审议关于农地法问题（问题43、44）的答复中提及的“农业推广区域制度和农田转换许可制度”。Q 43-1. Why the Agricultural Land act 2015 amendment relaxed conditions for a company to use agricultural land?

RESPONSEThe purpose is to promote business diversification such as processing and selling by corporate farmers permitted for farmland ownership. 回答：目的在于促进多元化经营，如公司（拥有农地所有权）进行加工和销售。Q 43-2. What specific activities the companies leasing agricultural land are engaged in?

RESPONSELeased corporate farmers shall cancel their contract and return their tenanted farmland in original condition if they use farmland inappropriately under the Act of Agricultural Land.回答：如租用农地的公司未按照《农地法》合理使用农地，按照最初规定，该公司应解除其合同并返还租赁的农地。Q 43-3. About whether the purpose of improving land use efficiency set in the Agricultural Land Act 2009 amendment has been fulfilled?

RESPONSEThe amendment in 2009 enabled corporate farmers which are not permitted for farmland ownership to enter in agriculture by leasing farmland. As a result, entries of corporate farmers by leasing increased from 175 in 2010 to 2,222 in 2016. They have used farmland effectively. 回答：根据 2009年的修订法案，未获得农地所有权的公司可通过租赁农地进行农业生产活动。其结果是，通过租赁农地开展农业生产的公司数量从 2010年的 175家，增加到了 2016年的 2222家。这些公司提高了土地利用率。Q 43-4. About whether such relaxation will cause the land to be diverted to other use?

RESPONSENo, we never heard of such events.回答：抱歉，我们并未听说过此类情况。

Q43-5. About"agricultural promotion region-based system" and "agricultural land diversion licensing system"

RESPONSEThe "Agricultural Promotion Area System" and the "Farmland Conversion Permission System" are based on the Act on Establishment of Agricultural Promotion Regions (Act No. 58 of 1969) and the Agricultural Land Act (Act No. 229 of 1952). Based on these two systems, the government maintains superior farmland.回答：“农业推广区域制度” 和“ 农田转换许可制度”均基于《建立农业推广区域法》（1969年，第 58号法案）和《农地法》（1952年，第 229号法案）。基于这两项制度，日本政府保留了优质农地。Question 44: In this paragraph, signing trade agreement mentioned in the part of the second arrow of Abeconomics is seen as an important booster to integrate Japan into the world economy. What impacts will America's withdrawal from TPP have on Japan's advancing the progress of the second arrow? Currently, does Japan have an alternative

trade negotiation plan or arrangement? 本段安倍经济学“三支箭”的“第二支箭”提到签订贸易协定被视为融入世界经济的重要抓手。请问，美国退出《跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》（TPP）对日本推动“第二支箭”进程将产生何种影响？现阶段，日本方面是否有替代的贸易谈判计划或安排？RESPONSEThe TPP Agreement is intended to establish new common rules for the 21st century in the Asia-Pacific region and form a huge free and fair economic zone. It also seeks to deepen and broaden economic ties among countries and regions that share fundamental values such as freedom, democracy, basic human rights, and the rule of law, and is hence strategically significant in terms of pursuing further regional stability. 　 In light of the significance of the TPP, the Government of Japan notified the Depositary of the completion of Japan's domestic procedures for the TPP. The Government of Japan intends to continue to closely consult with other original signatories on the future of the TPP and tenaciously encourage them to promptly complete their domestic procedures toward the entry into force of the TPP Agreement. In any case, the Government of Japan will execute the Growth Strategy and keep advancing an economic virtuous circle. Japan will also strive on the progress of other negotiations, such as the Japan-EU Economic Partnership Agreement, RCEP, and Japan-China-Republic of Korea FTA.回答：《跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》（TPP）的目的是，为 21世纪的亚太地区建立新的公共规则并形成一个巨大的自由和公正的经济区，还旨在深化和拓宽享有共同基本价值观（如自由、民主、基本人权、法律规则）的国家和地区之间的经济纽带，因此在进一步谋求区域稳定方面，该协定具有重要的战略意义。鉴于 TPP协定的重要性，日本政府已经完成了执行 TPP协定的国内程序并将已该情况告知受托公司。日本政府打

算继续就 TPP的未来发展方向与其他原始契约国进行密切磋商，不断敦促各方及时完成执行 TPP协定的国内程序。无论如何，日本政府都将执行《发展战略》并不断推进经济良性循环。日本也将尽力推动其他谈判的进展，如《日本欧盟经济伙伴关系协定》、《区域全面经济伙伴关系》（RCEP）以及《中日韩三国自由贸易协定》。Q .45 Apart from the agencies introduced above, are there any other export trade

promotion agencies? How does each agency work together to promote export? 除上文所介绍的机构外，是否还有其他出口贸易促进机构？各机构是如何协作发挥出口促进作用的？RESPONSERegarding export, many agencies are involved in various ways, it is difficult to enumerate. 回答：在出口方面，很多机构以多种方式发挥了促进作用，很难逐一列举。Q46. Please list export insurance products provided by Japanese commercial export and credit insurance organizations.

请列举日本商业性出口信用保险机构提供的出口保险产品。RESPONSEThere are some commercial insurance companies in Japan which provide export credit insurance, however we do not have detailed information.回答：在日本，有一些商业保险公司能够提供出口信用保险，但我们并不了解详细信息。Q47. Generally, what is the longest payment term for the loans released by Japanese

export and credit organizations to the borrowers engaged in trade business? 请问通常情况下，日本出口信贷机构对贸易类放账业务的最长账期为多久？RESPONSEMaximum repayment term for export credit insurance shall be consistent with OECD arrangement. (Please see the arrangement: http://www.oecd.org/officialdocuments/publicdisplaydocumentpdf/?doclanguage=en&cote=tad/pg(2017)1 )回答：出口信用保险的最长还款期应与经济合作与发展组织的安排保持一致。（具体安排，请参见该网址：http://www.oecd.org/officialdocuments/publicdisplaydocumentpdf/?doclanguage=en&cote=tad/pg(2017)1 ）

Q48. It is indicated in the above two paragraphs that, in FY2016, Japan's average applied MFN tariff rate was higher than that in FY2014 mainly because the tarrif rate is higher when non-ad valorem tarrif is converted to ad valorem equivalent. Given that non-ad valorem tarrif is applied to the large-quantity textile and apparel products that China exports to Japan, does Japan have, in the future, any arragement for tarrif concession arrangement for products (such as textile and apparel products) subject to non-ad valorem

tarrif. If any, please describe in detail. 上述两段表明，2016 财年日本的适用最惠国关税税率平均值较 2014 财年有所提高，主要原因是非从价税换算成等值从价税的税率较高。考虑到中国对日出口规模较大的纺织服装品采用的是非从价税，请问未来日本是否有针对非从价税商品（如纺织服装品）的关税减让安排？如有，请详细说明。RESPONSEIn regards to textile and apparel goods, non-ad valorem tariffs including selective duty are applicable to a large number of cotton yarns and cotton fabrics in HS 52, as well as two other products, namely 5604.90-910 and 5811.00-023. Certain volume of them is imported from China to Japan. Currently, the Government of Japan is not considering tariff concession arrangements for these products in the future.回答：针对纺织服装品，非从价税（包括选择税）适用于 HS52中的大量棉纱和棉织品以及另外两种产品（即5604.90-910 和 5811.00-023），其中一部分是从中国进口到日本的。目前，日本政府尚未考虑在未来做出相关的关税减让安排。Q49. It is mentioned above that Japan offers preferential tariff rates to 138 developing countries and 5 territories under the GSP. China remains the largest beneficiary of Japan's GSP scheme. Does Japan have any arrangement to revise the application principle (such as the countries to which the preferential tarrif rates are applicable) of the preferential tariff rates? If any, please specify the revision contents and what impacts will the new scheme

bring to the export of Chinese products to Japan's market. 上文提到日本在关税普惠制下对 138个发展国家和 5个地区提供特惠关税待遇。其中，中国是日本普惠制方案的最大受益国。请问，日本未来是否有调整特惠关税适用规则（如特惠关税的适用国）相关安排？如有，请具体说明其调整内容及新的适用方案将对中国产品出口日本市场产生何种影响？

RESPONSEWith a view to optimizing the allocation of benefit of the GSP to beneficiary countries/territories, the Government of Japan has reviewed the criteria of the system of graduation from GSP, in which countries/territories having achieved certain economic development are graduated from the GSP treatment. More specifically, in addition to the existing graduation criterion, i.e. countries/territories being categorized as "high income economy" for three consecutive years based on World Bank Analytical Classifications, a new criterion will be added as those being categorized as "upper middle income economy" or higher and whose export volume (in value terms) is estimated by the WTO as constituting 1% or more of total volume of global export. As a result of the review, several countries, including China will be likely to be graduated from the list of beneficiary countries. As GSP application rate against total import volume from China remains low, new criterion has little impact on the export of Chinese products to Japan's market. The measure will be implemented from April 2018 in a phased manner.回答：一些国家和地区已经通过普惠制取得一定程度的经济发展。为确保将普惠制为受益国或地区带来的利好实现最优分配，日本政府审核了普惠制的毕业机制标准。具体举例来说，现有毕业标准中包含在世界银行分析分类统计中连续三年被归类为“高收入经济体系”的国家或地区，除该标准以外，日本将添加一项新的免除标准，即被归类为“中上等收入经济体系”或更高收入级别的国家或地区，或者据世贸组织统计，其出口量（按出口额计）达到全球出口量的 1%或更高水平的国家或地区。根据审核结果，一些国家，包括中国，从受益国名单中被去掉的可能性将会非常大。但特惠关税申请率占中国总出口量的比重一直很低，因此，新标准对中国产品出口到日本市场的影响将会很小。从 2018年 4月起，日本将分阶段实施此项措施。Q50. For small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs), do Japanese official export credit agencies such as JBIC and NEXI offer export supporting and guaranteeing measures? If yes,

please explain in detail. 针对中小企业，日本官方出口信贷机构如日本国际协力银行(JBIC)和日本贸易保险公社(NEXI)是否提供出口扶持及保障措施？如有，请解释。RESPONSE回答：Yes. JBIC and NEXI provide Japanese companies including SMEs with export loans and export credit insurance. JBIC provides export loans to overseas importers and financial institutions to support finance exports of Japanese companies including SMEs mainly to developing countries. For the further information, please see the brochure http://www.jbic.go.jp/wp-content/uploads/page/2016/12/53107/jbic-brochure-english.pdf (Page 18)

是的，日本国际协力银行(JBIC)和日本贸易保险公社(NEXI)会为日本公司（包括中小企业）提供出口信贷和出口信用保险。日本国际协力银行会为海外进口商和金融机构提供出口信贷，为日本公司（包括中小企业）提供出口扶持（主要着眼于发展中国家）。请查看宣传册，了解更多信息。网址：http://www.jbic.go.jp/wp-content/uploads/page/2016/12/53107/jbic-brochure-english.pdf (第 18 页)

NEXI has an export credit insurance product which is dedicated to support SMEs. The product covers risk of export contracts with payment period (usance) of 180 days or less, and cover ratio is 95%. For the further information, please see the brochure http://www.nexi.go.jp/corporate/booklet/pdf/nexi-2015_e.pdf (Page 9).日本贸易保险公社有一款出口信用保险产品，专用于为中小企业提供保障。该产品可为付款期（票据期限）不超过 180天的出口合同规避风险，赔付率为 95%。请查看宣传册了解更多信息。http://www.nexi.go.jp/corporate/booklet/pdf/nexi-2015_e.pdf (第 9 页).

Q51. For the export of agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry, and subsidiary products, does the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan, apart from playing its own functions, work together with official export credit insurance agencies to introduce export

supporting measures? If there are any measures, please explain and describe the impacts.

对于农林牧副产品出口，日本农业部除发挥自身功能外，是否与官方出口信用保险机构相互配合出台出口扶持措施？如有，请解释并描述其影响。RESPONSE回答：Nippon Export and Investment Insurance (NEXI), the official export credit agency of Japan, supplies export credit insurance which also covers organizations related to agriculture, forestry and fisheries. MAFF provides information on the insurance by NEXI to related organizations. The program is described at the website below.作为日本官方的出口信用机构，日本贸易保险公社（NEXI）会提供出口信用保险，而保险范围囊括了与农林牧渔相关的企业。日本农业部会为相关企业提供 NEXT保险的相关信息。访问下方网站，查看该项目的详细介绍。Export Bill Insurance http://nexi.go.jp/en/products/types/bill.html 出口票据保险： http://nexi.go.jp/en/products/types/bill.html

Export Credit Insurance for SMEs and AFF Sector 用于中小企业和农林牧渔部门的出口信用保险http://nexi.go.jp/en/products/types/smes.html网址：http://nexi.go.jp/en/products/types/smes.html

Export Credit Insurance http://nexi.go.jp/en/products/types/export.html

出口信用保险：http://nexi.go.jp/en/products/types/export.html

Q52. For the export of products other than agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry, and subsidiary products, what major supporting measures do Japan's export and credit

agencies have? Please give some examples. 对于除农林牧副外其他产品的出口，日本出口信用机构有何重要扶持措施？请列举。RESPONSERegardless of types of products, major supporting measures of Japan's export and credit agencies are JBIC's export loans and NEXI's export credit insurance.回答：无论何种类型的产品，日本出口信用机构的主要扶持措施均为：由日本国际协力银行 (JBIC)提供出口信贷，由日本贸易保险公社(NEXI)提供出口信用保险。Q53. The claims paid in the Table rose from 3,102(¥ million) in 2014 to 22,395(¥ million), registering a peak value since 2011. Please explain the reason for the rise of claims paid. 表中已付赔款 (Claims paid)从 2014年 3,102(¥ million)激增至 2015年 22,395(¥ million)并达到自 2011年以来的最高值,请解释赔款激增的原因。RESPONSEMost of claims paid under Export Credit Insurance in the year 2015 were related to the political risk event of Venezuela. Please refer to FY2015 Annual Report: http://nexi.go.jp/en/publications.html （ page10 ）回答：2015年出口信用保险中的多数已付赔款都是与委内瑞拉政治风险事件相关的。请参照 2015 财年年度报告：http://nexi.go.jp/en/publications.html （第 10 页）

Question 54. Please introduce in detail the main amended contents of the Banking Act and the main contents of a series of new and stricter rules regarding licensing standards, information obligations, maintenance of assets in Japan, and supervisory powers in case of

bankruptcy or reorganization proceedings. 请详细介绍一下《银行法》的主要修订内容，以及有关许可标准、信息义务、日本资产保值以及破产重组程序监督权等的一系列严格新规的主要内容。RESPONSEPlease refer to paragraph 4.85-4.91 in the report WT/TPR/S/351.回答：请参考WT/TPR/S/351报告第 4.85-4.91段的内容。

Question 55. Please introduce the implementation results of a series of new and stricter rules regarding licensing standards, information obligations, maintenance of assets in

Japan, and supervisory powers in case of bankruptcy or reorganization proceedings. 请介绍一下有关许可标准、信息义务、日本资产保值以及破产重组程序监督权等一系列严格新规的实施效果。RESPONSEThe amendments of the Banking Act as well as the Comprehensive Guidelines for Supervision of Major Banks have enabled the Financial Services Agency to monitor banks' operation in a more proper manner.回答：根据《银行法》的修订内容以及《重点银行综合监管方针》，允许金融服务机构以更为合理的方式对银行的运营进行监督。Question 56. Please evaluate the impacts of the revision to this legal provision on fair

competition in the financial sector. 请日方评估此项法律条文修订对金融业公平竞争的影响。RESPONSEThe revision is to allow banks to flexibly provide capital in cases where it is anticipated the capital can contribute to business reconstruction and revitalization of the regional economy. This is not to affect fair competition in the financial sector.回答：根据修订内容，对于有望促成业务重组和振兴地区经济的资金投入，银行在提供资金时，可拥有更大的灵活性，且此项修订不会对金融业的公平竞争造成影响。Question 57. Please introduce the specific measures taken by Japanese financial regulatory

departments after the revision to the legal provision. 请介绍该法律条文修订后，日本金融监管部门采取的具体措施。RESPONSEThe Financial Services Agency monitors banks' operation in accordance with the revised Comprehensive Guidelines for Supervision of Major Banks.回答：金融服务机构会根据《重点银行的综合监管方针》，对银行的运营进行监督。Q58. What caused the dramatic decline in the share of financial services in Japan's GDP in

2014? 日本 2014年金融服务产业在GDP中占比明显下降的原因是什么？RESPONSEWe could not find any specific factors that explain the decline of the share of financial services in the Japanese GDP. Please note that we do not consider it to be a "dramatic" decline in 2014.回答：我们无法找到造成金融服务产业在日本 GDP中比重下降的具体因素。请注意，我们并不会用“占比明显下降”来描述 2014年出现的情况。Question 59. What caused the reduction in the number of branches of foreign banks in Japan in 2015? Which policies have been adopted in Japan in recent years that may affect

the operation of foreign banks? 2015年，在日外资银行分行减少的原因是什么？近年来日本有哪些可能会影响外资银行经营的政策出台？RESPONSEWhile the decision to withdraw operation from Japan depends on each banks' own management judgment, the macroeconomic environment at that time (e.g. sovereign debt crisis in Europe) may be considered as a factor choosing withdrawal from Japan.回答：外资银行是否决定撤出日本，取决于当时各个银行自身管理方面的判断以及宏观的经济环境，例如：欧洲主权债务危机也可能成为外资银行选择撤出日本的一个因素。Q.60 In 2015, did the services exports and imports decline include that in medical service, especially the Traditional Chinese Medicine service? If so, what's the amount of

TCM service decline? 2015年，日本服务进出口量减少中是否包含医药类服务，尤其是中医药服务？进出口减少额有多少？Q.61 In services trade with China for Japan, what's the percentage of the Traditional

Chinese Medicine service trade? 日本与中国的服务贸易中，中医药服务贸易大约占多少比例？RESPONSEThe Government of Japan has no available statistical data regarding trade in medical services (including Traditional Chinese Medicine) to answer these questions.回答：日本政府尚未统计出有关医疗类服务进出口的相关数据（包括中医药服务），因此无法回答该问题。RESPONSEPlease provide the related detailed measures which have been or will be taken to attract the investments.

回答：请提供日本为吸引投资而采取的或即将采取的相关具体措施。RESPONSEFirstly, the Tokyo One-Stop Business Establishment Center was established in the National Strategic Special Zones to promote foreign-owned and domestic venture corporations; the Center offers comprehensive support for procedures related to corporate foundation. Secondly, the current requirements for the Investory/Business Manager visa category (namely, the need to either employ at least two full-time employees or invest a minimum amount of five million yen) can be relaxed in the NSSZs provided that an agreement has been reached between the national government, local authorities and the private sector.回答：首先，为了吸引外资和国内合资公司，日本在国家战略特区，建立了东京一站式商业机构中心；该中心为企业基金的相关程序提供综合性支持。其次，在国家战略特区，如国家政府、地方当局和私营部门已达成协议，那么对投资或业务经理签证类别的现行要求（即“需要雇佣至少两名全职员工或投资额不得少于500万日元”）可适当放宽。Q63. Please provide the detailed policies or regulations related to the national strategic special zones.

RESPONSEThe National Strategic Special Zones(NSSZs) grants special provisions in a variety of fields (78 total reforms have ever been realized by the NSSZs as of March 23, 2017, including the nationwide measures) with the aim of developing the easiest environment for doing business in the world to enable private sector to fully show their abilities which link to economic growth. In addition to regulatory reforms, tax reliefs and interest subsidies are also introduced in the NSSZs.回答：国家战略特区允许多个领域施行特殊规定（截至 2017年 3月 23日，国家战略特区总共完成了 78项改革，包括国家性措施），旨于打造出全世界最适合开展业务的商业环境，让私营部门充分展示自身实力，从而拉动经济增长。除了管理规定的革新，国家战略特区也引入了税费减免和利息补贴措施。Q64. Please provide the detailed measures regarding the aforementioned factors.

RESPONSE回答：The Government of japan, aiming to realize "the most business-friendly country in the world", has implemented regulatory reforms in such fields as energy, healthcare and agriculture, and will introduce a new methodology for regulatory reforms from the business perspective. 为了成为“全世界最亲商的国家”，日本政府在能源、医疗和农业等领域实施了规制改革，并将从商业角度引入规制改革的新方法。

In addition, the Government of Japan is progressing a comprehensive economic policy package to sustainably revive the Japanese economy, which includes measures changing work style and diversifying the labor force, enhancing corporate governance and reforming corporate tax. This program is "Japan Revitalization Strategy". You can view the details at:http://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/singi/keizaisaisei/pdf/2016_zentaihombun_en.pdf此外，为确保日本经济持续复苏，日本政府正在推进一个全面的经济政策方案，其中包括改变工作作风、增加劳动力类型、加强企业管治和改革企业所得税等措施。该项目的名称为“日本振兴战略”。 点击此处：http://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/singi/keizaisaisei/pdf/2016_zentaihombun_en.pdf，可查看具体内容。Q65. Please clarify the detailed enforcement policy or condition for the local company to get the incentives as per Industrial Competitiveness Enhancement Act and whether there is National treatment for the foreign-invested company.

Q65. 请阐明，当地公司依据《工业竞争增强法》享受鼓励措施的具体执行政策或条件，以及外资公司是否享有国内公司待遇。65.Please clarify the detailed enforcement policy or condition for the local company to get the incentives as per Industrial Competitiveness Enhancement Act and whether there is National treatment for the foreign-invested company.

RESPONSEIf a company acquires and places into service in Japan, between the effective date of the Act and 31 March 2017, any machinery, tools, appliances, buildings, facilities pertaining to a building structures, or software, which is used as equipment for production and qualifies as productivity-enhancing equipment, and which has a unit cost above a set threshold, the company can apply the tax relief measure. A foreign-invested company which acquired and placed into service equipment in Japan is equally eligible for the incentives as long as it fulfills the necessary conditions.回答：从法案生效日至 2017年 3月 31日期间，如果一家公司需要在日本投入用于生产的、能够提高生产率的以及单位成本超过设定阈值的机械、工具、设备、建筑、与建筑结构有关的设施或软件，该公司均可申请税费减免。只要满足必要条件，如果一家外资公司需要在日本投入服务设备，该公司同样享有税费优惠政策。Q66. Please introduce the taxation system of aviation fuel (consumption) tax, including

objects of taxation, tax rates and tax payment procedures, etc.请介绍航空燃油（消费）税的税制设计，包括课税对象、税率和纳税环节等。RESPONSEThe Aviation Fuel Tax is imposed on aviation fuel loaded on an aircraft in the territory of Japan (Aviation fuel for international airlines is exempted). Taxpayers of the Aviation Fuel Tax are generally the owners of an aircraft. The Aviation Fuel Tax is levied based on the quantity of aviation fuel loaded on an aircraft. The reduced tax rate 18,000 yen per kiloliter is applied to the aviation fuel loaded from 01/04/2011 to 31/3/2017, which will be extended

until 31/3/2020. Taxpayers are required to file a return and pay the tax by the end of the month following the loading of fuel on their aircraft. [cf. tax revenue (FY2017 budget): 66.9 billion yen]回答：该航空燃油税是针对日本领土内的飞机所装载的航空燃油征收的（国际航班的航空燃油税可以免除）。航空燃油税的纳税人通常为飞机的所有者。航空燃油税是根据飞机装载的航空燃油量征收的。在 2011年 4月 1日至 2017年 3月 31日期间装载的航空燃油，采用减免税率（18,000日元/千升），该期限将延长至 2020年 3月 31日。纳税人需根据飞机装载的燃料进行税费申报并于月底支付税款。【参见赋税收入（2017 财年预算）：669亿日元】Q67. Please introduce the concrete use of incomes from aviation fuel (consumption) tax. For example, whether the funds are used as ear-marked, and whether the funds are

especially used to support civil aviation construction and development. 请介绍航空燃油（消费）税收入的具体用途。如是否专款专用，是否专门用于支持民航建设和发展。RESPONSEIncomes from aviation fuel tax are transferred to a special account for airport construction and used as financial resources to construct and/or upgrade airports. A part of such incomes is disposed to local public authorities to prevent obstacles such as aircraft noise.回答：航空燃油税收入将转入一个机场建设专用账户，并将用作建设和（或）升级机场设施的资金渠道。收入的一部分交由当地政府当局，用来处理飞机噪音等问题。Q68. Please introduce in detail the management system of airports in Japan, including airport construction examination and approval, the operation and management mode, etc. In the case of solely state-owned and state-owned majority shareholding airports, are there special assistance or subsidy policies in terms of investment, construction, operation and charging? Which civil transport airports should stay solely state-owned or state-owned

majority shareholding airports? 请详细介绍日本机场的管理体制，包括机场建设审批制度、运营管理模式等。对于国有独资或国有绝对控股的机场，是否在投资建设、运营或收费等方面存在特殊的补助、补贴政策？哪些民用运输机场需要保持国有或国有绝对控股？RESPONSE回答：Regarding examination and approval for airport construction, it is required to obtain an approval in accordance with the standards stipulated in Article 39 of the Civil Aeronautics Act and Article 79 of the Ordinance for Enforcement of the Civil Aeronautics Act prior to

such construction. Also, it is required to undergo an inspection in accordance with Article 42 of the Civil Aeronautics Act when construction work of the approved facilities is completed. 针对机场建设审批，在开工之前，需按照《民用航空法》第 39条和《民用航空法实施条例》第 79条的相关规定获得建设许可。此外，对于已批准的设施，在其竣工之后，需按照《民用航空法》第 42条的规定进行检查。As state-owned airports are airports constructed by the national government, such construction and management (operation and maintenance) are all conducted by the national government.国有独资机场是由国家政府建设的机场，此类机场的建设与管理（运营与维护）均由国家政府完成。Regardless of state-owned or company-owned airport, airport operators are required to manage their airports according to the specific standards defined in the Civil Aeronautics Law. These standards are compliant with Annex14.无论是国有机场还是公司所有机场，机场经营者均需按照《民用航空法》的特殊标准对机场进行管理。这些标准与附件 14的内容相一致。And, JCAB requires each airport operator to develop the detail management procedures in the Airport Safety Management Manual(for Safety) and submit the manual to JCAB.日本民航局（JCAB）要求所有机场经营者在《机场安全管理手册》中编写具体的管理规程（以保证安全）并将该手册提交给日本民航局。Narita International Airport Corporation, New Kansai International Airport Co., Ltd., and Central Japan International Airport Co., Ltd. are entitled to be granted preferential tax measures such as deferred tax, tax exemption, and tax base relief measure.成田国际机场公司、新关西国际机场有限公司和日本中部国际机场有限公司享有优惠税费措施，如税款递延、免税和减少税收基数等措施。Civil transport airports that should stay solely state-owned or state-owned majority shareholding airports are mainly "airports to be hub for international air transport network or domestic air transport network".应保持绝对国有或国有控股的民用运输机场，主要是“成为国际航空运输网络或国内航空运输网络枢纽的机场”。Q69. It is stated in the report that, as for the telecommunications sector, in keeping with the spread of the smart phone and diversification of public wireless LAN, the definition of a public wireless LAN access service was widened in order to impose obligations on Telecommunications Carriers to explain conditions of offering services. what is the definition of a public wireless LAN access service currently provided by Japan? How is the definition imposing obligations on Telecommunications Carriers to explain conditions of

offering services? 日本政府声明中称，为适应智能手机的普及和公共无线网络的多元化，日本拓宽了对公共无线网接入服务的定义，对电信运营商施加了说明服务条款的义务。请问，目前日本对公共无线网接入服务的定义是如何规定的？这一定义如何对电信运营商施加了说明义务？

RESPONSEIn accordance with the Rules for Reporting on Telecommunications Business (Ministerial Ordinance of MPT No. 46 of 1988), a public wireless LAN access service is defined as "a telecommunication service (excluding those listed in items 5 and 11 to the previous item) that mediates communications to Internet connection points using terminal system transmission line facilities whose terminal, connected to the user's telecommunications facilities, is connected by wireless, or using terminal facilities which are provided for telecommunication services (limited to terminal facilities which communicate with mobile terminal facilities) ". When concluding contracts, Article 26 of the Telecommunication Business Act sets a regulation that obliges telecommunication carriers, etc. to explain to the contractor the conditions of offering services that should be understood to a minimum. Thus, the public notice that designates the scope of the service under the obligation of explanation sets the same regulation, and thereby, obliges telecommunication carriers providing a public wireless LAN access service to explain the conditions of offering services. 回答：根据《电信业务声明》（1988年《电信技术委员会部长条例》第 46条）的规定，公共无线网接入服务被定义为“一项电信服务（将第 5和第 11项移除到前一项），此项服务利用终端系统输电线路设施（其终端与用户的电信设施相连），通过无线网络或提供电信服务的终端设施（仅限于能与手机终端设施相连的终端设施），将通信信号传达到网络连接点。”签订合同时，根据《电信商业法》第 26条的规定，电信运营商需向签约者提供说明服务条款，并让用户获得最低程度的了解。因此，公众注意到，在说明服务条款下，指定服务范围中设置了相同的条例，因而，对提供公共无线网接入服务的运营商施加了说明服务条款的义务。Q70. Please introduce the details of relevant policies for promotion (For too much content,

list specific names of relevant policies and links to detailed contents). 是否可以具体介绍相关的鼓励政策有哪些？（如内容太多，可列出相关政策的具体名称和内容链接。）RESPONSE回答："Five Promises for Attracting Foreign Businesses to Japan" includes measures to overcome language barriers, facilitate better internet connectivity, accommodate business jets at local airports, enhance educational environment for expatriate children, and strengthen services to support foreign enterprises. The relevant information is available at: http://www.invest-japan.go.jp/promotion/promise_en.pdf为了给外国企业提供支持，“吸引外商到日本的五项承诺”提出了包括克服语言障碍、提升网络互联性、当地机场满足商务机起落需求、提高外籍儿童的教育环境以及加强服务等措施。如需了解相关信息，可访问：

http://www.invest-japan.go.jp/promotion/promise_en.pdf

"Policy Package for Promoting Foreign Direct Investment into Japan to Make Japan a Global Hub" includes measures to attract foreign companies through promotional activities and resolve issues hindering foreign companies' entry into Japan. The relevant information is available at at: http://www.invest-japan.go.jp/promotion/policy_package_en.pdf“促进外国对日直接投资，将日本打造为全球中心的一揽子政策”提到了通过推广活动吸引外国企业、解决阻碍外国企业进入日本的障碍等措施。如需了解相关信息，可访问：http://www.invest-japan.go.jp/promotion/policy_package_en.pdf

Q71. Please introduce the basic Japanese investment policies including the foreign investment system (Japanese investment management and promotion authority, relevant investment laws, etc.), limitations on investment industry (industrial protection, limitations and prohibiting conditions; franchising and license; limitations on regulation of financial market, etc.); relevant investment provisions (provisions on investment mode, minimum registered capital, minimum employment proportion of local employees, approval

procedures for foreign investment, etc.). 请介绍日本基本的投资政策，包括：外商投资制度（介绍日本的投资管理和促进机构、投资相关法律等），投资行业限制（行业保护、限制和禁止条件；特许经营权与许可证；金融市场监管等方面的限制）；投资相关规定（投资方式的规定、最低注册资本的规定、本地员工最低雇佣比例、外商投资审批程序等）。RESPONSE回答： The government of Japan welcomes FDI, aiming to increase the amount of inward FDI to ¥35 trillion by 2020 (¥24.4 trillion at the end of 2015). One of typical relevant investment laws is the "Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Act", which requires reporting of entities to do FDI. In the other, the Government of Japan does not regulate FDI except to only a few businesses. You can view the "Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Act" at:http://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/law/detail/?id=2076&vm=04&re=01&new=1日本政府欢迎外国对日直接投资（FDI），并计划在 2020年将外国对日本的直接投资额增加至 35万亿日元（2015年底的数值为 24.4万亿日元）。《外汇和外贸法》是与之有关的标准投资法规之一，据该法规要求，从事外国对日直接投资的公司需进行申报。查看《外汇和外贸法》的内容，可访问：http://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/law/detail/?id=2076&vm=04&re=01&new=1

In the context of promotion activities, the Government of Japan has been improving Japan's business and living environment to attract foreign investment into Japan, under Council for

Promotion of Foreign Direct Investment in Japan. Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO) also promotes FDI into Japan as the investment promotion agency.在开展推广活动的背景下，日本政府在不断改善日本的商业和居住环境，通过“促进外国直接投资委员会”吸引外资进入日本。作为一家投资促进机构，日本贸易振兴机构（ JETRO）也在促进外国对日直接投资。Q72. Please introduce the main measures of the "Policy Package for Promoting Foreign Direct Investment into Japan to Make Japan a Global Hub" and the key sectors that will

benefit from it. 请日方介绍“促进外国对日直接投资、将日本打造为全球中心一揽子政策”的主要措施和重点受益领域。RESPONSE回答：Hub" includes measures to attract foreign companies through promotional activities and resolve issues hindering foreign companies' entry into Japan.该政策提供了多种通过推广活动吸引外国企业、解决阻碍外国企业进入日本的障碍等措施。In particular, the Government of Japan is discussing simplification of regulations and administrative procedures associated with FDI into Japan on the Working Group for Revising Regulations and Administrative Procedures. The working group adopted the "Immediate Report" in last December and will draw a conclusion around this spring. You can view the "Policy Package for Promoting Foreign Direct Investment into Japan to Make Japan a Global Hub" at:http://www.invest-japan.go.jp/promotion/policy_package_en.pdfYou can view the "Immediate Report" at:http://www.invest-japan.go.jp/promotion/immediate_report_en.pdfThese measures do not target any specific sectors.

特别需要指出的是，日本政府正在探讨简化与外国对日直接投资相关的法规和行政程序，并成立工作组，对相关法规和行政程序进行修改。去年 12月，该工作组采纳了“即刻报送”制度，并将于今年春季左右收尾。查看有关“促进外国对日直接投资、将日本打造为全球中心一揽子政策”的相关内容，可访问：http://www.invest-japan.go.jp/promotion/policy_package_en.pdf了解有关“即刻报送”的内容，可访问：http://www.invest-japan.go.jp/promotion/immediate_report_en.pdf这些措施并非针对任何特定部门。Question 73. What is the specific implementation status of the measures taken by

Japanese governmental departments? 日本政府部门的措施具体实施情况如何？RESPONSEIn December 2016, the Financial Services Agency invited public comment for the draft of related orders and ordinances, and is in the process of assessing the comments submitted. The amended Acts, related orders and ordinances will be effective in this April.

回答：2016年 12月，日本金融厅广泛采纳公众意见，以编写相关法令与条例，目前正在对提交的意见进行评估。修订案、相关法令与条例将于今年 4月生效。Q74. It can be seen from the Report by the Secretariat (tables 3.32, 3.33 and 3.34) that the numbers of patent, utility model and design applications submitted by Japanese applicants

within their country have all gradually decreased. Has Japan analyzed its main reason? 从秘书处报告（表 3.32、3.33、3.34）中可以看出，日本申请人在其国内的专利、实用新型、外观设计的申请量都呈下降趋势，请问日方是否分析过其主要原因？RESPONSEFor patent and design applications, the main reason for the decrease is that applicants have become more strictly selective in filing applications while IP strategies of companies, etc. have been shifting from quantity to quality.For utility model, the main reason for the decrease is that we adopted non-substantive examination principle.回答：专利和外观设计申请量下降的主要原因是，知识产权战略公司将重心从数量转移到质量，对申请人的择选标准更为严格。实用新型申请量下降的主要原因是，我们采用了非实质性的审查原则。Q75. Why is it stipulated that invalidation requests may only be submitted by interested

parties? How to identify interested parties? 为什么规定只有利害关系人才可以提出无效请求？如何认定利害关系人？RESPONSEThe Patent Act revised in 2014 stipulates that only interested person can request for invalidation trial, taking into account the different characteristics of the systems between the "invalidation trial" and the "opposition to the granted patent", the latter of which was introduced in the revision. The former aims to resolve disputes between the parties concerned, and the latter aims to review a patent right at an early stage after granting.If a demandee contests the claimed interest and when the interest of the demandant is not clear, a panel asks the demandant to clarify the proprietary interest. Subsequently, the panel proceeds with the ex officio investigation on the interest through inquiry, etc.In addition, if the panel determines that a demandant for invalidation trial is not an interested person, the request for invalidation trial will be dismissed.回答：

2014年修订的《专利法》规定，只有利害关系人才可以提出无效请求，这是因为考虑到“无效申请”与“反对授予专利”之间体系的不同特点，后者在修订案中提到了。前者是为了解决相关各方之间的纠纷，而后者是为了在授予专利后的早期，对该专利权进行审核。如请求者对认定的利害关系提出质疑，且原告的利害关系不明确，审核小组会要求原告澄清专利权益。随后，该审核小组将依据职权，通过质询，对利害关系进行调查。此外，如审核小组认为，提出无效请求的原告并非为利害关系人，则该无效请求将不予考虑。Q76. In the past two years, how many cases of patent invalidation and how many cases of

patent opposition have been respectively submitted by the public each year? 近两年，公众请求专利无效和异议的数量每年分别是多少？RESPONSEThe number of requests for patent invalidation trial is 227 in 2015 and 140 in 2016 respectively.The number of requests for opposition to the patent is 364 in 2015 and 1,214 in 2016 respectively.回答：2015年和 2016年请求专利无效的数量分别为 227件和 140件。2015年和 2016年对专利提出异议的数量分别为 364件和 1214件。Q77. It is understood that in order to establish a patent firm in Japan, one has to first undergo industrial and commercial registration with the local legal department and then put it on records with the Patent Attorneys Association. In practice, is it the legal department or the Patent Attorneys Association that is responsible for examining whether the patent firm meets the provisions of articles 32, 33, 39, 45, 52 and 54 of the Patent Attorney Law? Besides, in the day-to-day supervision of the agencies, how should local

legal departments cooperate and coordinate with the Patent Attorneys Association? 据了解，在日本专利代理机构（patent firm）的设立需要先到地方法务部门进行工商登记，然后到弁理士会进行备案。请问在实践中是法务部门还是弁理士会对该代理机构是否符合《弁理士法》第 32、33、39、45、52、54条进行审查？另外，在机构的日常监管中，地方法务部门如何与弁理士会进行合作协调？RESPONSE回答：<Establishment of patent firm><设立日本专利代理机构>

A personal patent office can be established by registering a patent attorney at the Japan Patent Attorneys Association (JPAA) which is in charge of the registration (Article 17(2), Patent Attorney Act).登记工作由日本弁理士会（JPAA）负责（《专利代理法》第 17（2）条），设立私人专利办事处时，可在日本弁理士会登记。A patent firm (i.e. patent professional corporation) shall be incorporated by registering the firm at the Local Legal Affairs Bureau (Article 44, Patent Attorney Act). Afterwards, the patent firm shall notify the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry of such registration together with a certificate of registered matters and articles of incorporation within two weeks from the date of incorporation (Articles 45, Patent Attorney Act).专利代理机构（如专业的专利代理公司）也应到当地法务部门登记（《专利代理法》第 44条）。此外，该专利代理机构应于登记后两周内（《专利代理法》第 45条），将此次登记及登记证明文件和公司章程上报给经济产业大臣。Accordingly, the patent firm shall automatically be admitted to be a member of the JPAA (Articles 60, Patent Attorney Act). Please note that, only patent attorney(s) can apply for the registration of the above patent firm (Articles 37(1), Patent Attorney Act).相应地，该专利代理机构应自动成为日本弁理士会的成员（《专利代理法》第 60条）。请注意，只有专利代理人可申请注册上文提到的专利代理机构（《专利代理法》第 37(1)条）<Responsibility to implement the Patent Attorney Act (Articles 32, 33, 39, 45, 52 and 54 )> <实施《专利代理法》（第 32、33、39、45、52、54条）的职责>

The Minister of the Economy, Trade and Industry (the Japan Patent Office (JPO)) shall conduct disciplinary actions (Articles 32, 33, 39, and 54, Patent Attorney Act). 经济产业大臣（日本专利局，JPO）应采取惩戒性措施（《专利代理法》第 32、33、39、45、52、54条）The dissolution of patent firms shall be subject to the supervision of a court (Articles 52 and 52bis, Patent Attorney Act).专利代理机构的解散应受到法院的监督（《专利代理法》第 52条及其修订内容）。When a patent firm has been incorporated / dissolved, the firm shall notify the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry of the fact within two weeks from the date of its incorporation /dissolution (Article 45 and 52(3), Patent Attorney Act).一家专利代理机构的设立和解散，应于该机构设立或解散后的两周内上报给经济产业大臣（《专利代理法》第 45、52(3)条）。＜Cooperation between the JPO and the JPAA＞<日本专利局与日本弁理士会之间的合作>

The JPAA has a role to supervise its members by Patent Attorney Act (Article 56(2)).

依据《专利代理法》（第 56(2)条），日本弁理士会有监督其成员的职能。Under the supervision of the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry, the JPAA supervises its members (patent attorneys). As part of that, the JPAA receives complaints and requests for disposition to patent attorneys.在经济产业大臣的监管下，日本弁理士会对其会员（专利代理人）进行监督。监督过程中，日本弁理士会将收到有关处置专利代理人的投诉与请求。In addition to the supervision by the JPAA, the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry also supervises patent attorneys through the JPO and has the authority to make disciplinary actions to patent attorneys (Article 32, Patent Attorney Act). Dispositions by the JPAA and the disciplinary action by the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry are made when, for example, patent attorneys give disadvantage to their clients.除了日本弁理士会的监督，经济产业大臣也将通过日本专利局对专利代理人进行监督，并有权对专利代理人施行惩戒性措施（《专利代理法》第 32条）。例如，当专利代理人的行为给客户造成损害时，日本弁理士会会对其进行处罚，且经济产业大臣也将对其采取惩戒性措施。Q. 78 It's reported that Japan had amended its domestic anti-dumping legislation on December 8, 2016 which maintains the practice of "Surrogate Country" in their anti-dumping investigations against China. Please introduce the specific amendments in details. Please explain whether the amendment complies with the WTO rules, in particular whether it fulfills the obligations set forth in Article 15 of the Protocol on the Accession of the

People's Republic of China? 据称，日方于 2016年 12月 8日修改国内反倾销立法，维持对华反倾销“替代国”做法。请日方相信介绍其立法修改情况，并解释该修改是否符合世贸相关规则，特别是中国加入世贸组织议定书第 15条的义务。(此段中文货物处核，建议合并成为一个问题)

RESPONSE回答：The Government of Japan amended the Guidelines for Procedures Relating to Countervailing and Anti-Dumping Duties to modify certain provision (7(6)2) in December 2016 (http://www.customs.go.jp/kaisei/sonota/adgl_honbun.pdf). 2016年 12月，日本政府修订了有关反补贴和反倾销税的规程指导方针，以修改某些条款（7(6)2）。（网址：http://www.customs.go.jp/kaisei/sonota/adgl_honbun.pdf）Japan's domestic AD-related system is formulated in accordance with the WTO Agreements, including the Protocol on the Accession of the People's Republic of China, therefore, Japan is of the view that its domestic system is fully in line with the WTO Agreements.

日本国内的反倾销规定是根据《世贸协议》（包括《中华人民共和国加入世贸组织议定书》）制定的，因此，日本认为，本国制度完全符合《世贸协议》的相关规则。Q79. As for domestic airlines, please introduce in detail the supervisory measures, means and results of JCAB and the principles on the allocation of its international air traffic rights. 对于其本国航空公司，请详细介绍日本民航局监管手段、方法及效果，以及对其国际航权的分配原则。RESPONSE回答：Any domestic airlines shall, when intending to alter its operation plan or the like, obtain approval from the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, or notify the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism.本国航空公司在打算改变其运营计划或有其他类似打算时，应获得国土交通大臣的批准，或将计划上报给国土交通大臣。There were 451 cases of approval or notification of change in operation plan from April 1, 2015 to March 31, 2016.在 2015年 4月 1日至 2016年 3月 31日期间，共有 451例运营计划更改被批准或上报。In terms of maintaining the safe operation of domestic airlines, JCAB conducts safety audits at head offices or relevant facilities in order to confirm the state of safety management by the airlines and to instruct the needed correction measures if inappropriate contents are observed by inspecting relevant documents and issues. 为了保持本国航空公司的安全运营，日本民航局（JCAB）会对总部或相关设施进行安全审核，从而确认本国航空公司的安全管理状态，并针对相关文件和问题检查过程中发现的不合理内容，指导相关公司采取必要的纠正措施。The number of safety audits conducted from 1st April 2016 to 30th September 2016 was 233.As for the principles on the allocation of international air traffic rights, JCAB appropriately allocates them based on requests from domestic airlines.在 2016年 4月 1日至 2016年 9月 30日期间，总共进行了 233次安全审查。对于国际航权的分配原则，日本民航局会根据国内航空公司的要求进行合理分配。Q80. As for foreign airlines, please introduce in detail relevant approval procedures of JCAB on their unscheduled chartered flights, and the supervisory measures, means and results

of JCAB on their scheduled and unscheduled air routes and flights. 对于外国航空公司，请详细介绍日本民航局对其不定期包机审批的相关流程，定期及不定期航线航班的监管手段、方法及效果。RESPONSE回答：

Any foreign airlines shall, when intending to operate a charter flight, obtain permission from the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism.外国航空公司计划经营包机时，应获得国土交通大臣的批准。Any foreign airlines shall, when intending to operate a scheduled flight, obtain permission for international air transport services and approval for operation plans from the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism.外国航空公司计划经营定期航班时，其开展国际航空运输服务的业务以及运营计划均应得到国土交通大臣的批准。In the approval procedure JCAB confirms that the traffic rights and capacity are within the air service agreement.批复过程中，日本民航局应确保该航空公司的航权和负载量符合《空运服务协定》的规定。From April 1, 2015 to March 31, 2016, there were 452 cases of permission for charter flights, 6 cases of permission for international air transport services and 1,956 cases of permission for operation plans.在 2015年 4月 1日至 2016年 3月 31日期间，有 452例包机服务被批准，6例国际航运服务被批准，1956例运营计划被批准。 As a means of maintaining the safety level of foreign airlines, JCAB also conducts ramp inspections to inspect the aircraft of other contracting states of the ICAO convention, and to inspect the certificates and other documents prescribed by the ICAO convention. The number of ramp inspections conducted in Japan from April 1, 2015 to March 31, 2016 was 696 for 99 foreign airlines.为了维护外国航空公司的安全水平，日本民航局也会进行机坪检查，查验《国际民航组织公约》其他缔约国的飞机状况，核查《国际民航组织公约》规定的证书和其他文件。在 2015年 4月 1日至 2016年 3月31日期间，日本总共针对 99家外国航空公司进行了 696次机坪检查。Q81. Is the Act on National Strategic Special Zones available on any official website? Is there a copy in English? How to obtain information on the policies and regulations of each National Strategic Special Zone?

RESPONSE回答：The following five preferential tax measures have been introduced in the National Strategic Special Zones (NSSZs):国家战略特区（NSSZ）引入了下列五种税费优惠措施：1. There are special depreciation and corporate tax deductions for business operators who have made capital investments (such as in machinery or construction) in certain fields. [Enacted on April 1, 2014]

在特定领域（如机械、建造）投入资金的企业经营者，享有专门的折旧减免和企业所得税减免政策。[2014年 4月 1日颁布]。2. There is a 20% deduction towards corporate taxable income for start-ups devoted to innovative projects in the fields of medical care, international, agriculture, and IoT utilizing special regulatory measures. [Enacted on September 1, 2016]采用特殊的监管措施，对致力于医疗、国际、农业和物联网等领域创新型项目的初创公司，施行 20%的企业所得税减免。[2016年 9月 1日颁布]。3. There are gross income deductions for individuals who invest in small and medium-sized enterprises undertaking projects that promote groundbreaking R&D in the fields of agriculture, medical care, and biotechnology, or entrepreneurship and employment in those fields. This deduction is only applicable to those years in which such investments are made. [Enacted on July 15, 2015]有些中小型企业致力于促进农业、医疗和生物科技领域的突破性研发，以及促进这些领域创业和就业相关项目，投资此类中小企业的个人，可享受总收入所得税减免优惠。税费减免仅限于进行此类投资的年份。[2015年 7月 15日颁发]

4. Tax measures equivalent to those applied to private urban renaissance programs under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (such as increased corporate tax depreciation deductions and reduced Registration and License Tax) will be applied to those utilizing the exceptions provided for in the Urban Renaissance Special Measure Law in the NSSZs. [Enacted on April 1, 2014]符合国家战略特区《城市振兴特殊措施法》中例外规定的企业，可享受与私有城市复兴计划（国土交通省的管辖下）的税费措施相同的优惠政策（例如：增加企业所得税折旧减免额、登记和执照税减免）【2014年 4月 1日颁发】。5. There are income tax reductions and corporate tax exemptions for transferring land to private urban development projects involved in the improvement of public facilities. [Enacted on July 15, 2015]将土地转让给私有城市发展项目并且改善了公共设施的公司，可享受公司所得税减免政策。[2015年 7月 15日颁发]

Providing these preferential tax measures promotes increased private capital investment in growth areas, creates innovative new businesses, strengthens the international competitiveness of Japanese industry, and creates a hub for international economic activity.There are no investment procedures unique to the NSSZs. 这些税费优惠措施应能够促进民营资本在增长领域的投入、打造出创新型企业、加强日本工业的国际竞争力并且打造成为国际经济活动的枢纽。国家战略特区没有特殊的投资程序。Q82. Is there any extension to or substitute for the above-mentioned policy upon

abolishment? 该项政策结束后，是否有延续?或有哪些具体的优惠政策代替？

RESPONSEThis tax incentive was abolished on March 31, 2015. There are no plans for alternative measures.回答：税费优惠政策已于 2015年 3月 31日终止。目前尚无制定替代政策的计划。Q83. By what percentage will the actual tax rate be reduced? Are there any additional conditions for the reduction of corporate tax rates, or is the tax bearing ratio of the enterprise affected by the adjustment of other tax categories? Can enterprises be allowed

to postpone the tax payment according to actual situations? 实际税率降为多少？在降低企业税税率的同时，是否额外附加了条件或者调整了其他税种影响了企业税负率？是否可以根据实际情况允许企业采取延期缴纳税款的方式来缴纳税款？RESPONSEThe Government of Japan reduced the effective corporate tax rate to 29.97% in its FY2016 and FY2017 corporate tax reforms. The Government of Japan secured the resource necessary for the reduction by broadening the tax base.回答：在 2016 财年和 2017 财年企业税费改革中，日本政府将实际税率降低至 29.97%。通过增加纳税基数，日本政府确保了用于减税的必要资源。

Q84. Would Japan please specify the contents of the above-mentioned policies? 请日方详细介绍该项政策的具体内容。RESPONSE回答：Corporations in Japan that install energy-saving facilities can apply 30% special depreciation of the price of those facilities. Small and medium enterprises can alternatively apply 7% tax credit for its purchase of such facilities.在日本，安装了节能设施的公司可为这些设施申请 30%的价格折旧。购买此类设施的中小型企业，可自愿申请 7%的税费抵免。Q85. Please explain the specific methods to "encourage the use of local products in school lunches and the consumption of agricultural, forestry and fishing products made in Japan". Please explain how Japan will ensure related measures' compliance with the non-discriminatory principle and national treatment principle.请说明“鼓励在学校午餐中使用当地产品、鼓励消费国产农林渔业产品”的具体办法。请说明日本如何确保相关措施符合WTO非歧视原则及国民待遇原则。

RESPONSEIn light of food education, the Government of Japan provides information to students to raise awareness and appreciation of quality local agricultural products.In addition, the Government of Japan holds events related to agricultural products and agricultural activities in various regions of Japan for urban consumers.回答：关于食品教育，日本政府会给学生提供信息，加强学生们对优质国产农产品的了解和喜爱。此外，日本政府会为国内不同地区的城市消费者，开展与农产品有关的活动和农业生产活动。Question 86. Please introduce the adjustment direction and objectives of the reform, the

implementation situation and effects. 请介绍相关改革的调整方向和目标，以及执行情况和效果。RESPONSE回答：Taking into account the result of the Uruguay Round negotiations, the Government of Japan has reviewed its market price support policies and introduced and expanded direct payments. The Japanese-style direct payment was introduced in 2015 as one of such direct payments. The Government of Japan will continue to pursue structural reform which fits the agricultural situation in Japan, in accordance with the WTO Agreement on Agriculture.鉴于乌拉圭回合谈判的结果，日本政府审查了当前的市场价格支持政策，并引入和扩大了直接付款额。作为此类直接付款的一种，日本式的直接付款于 2015年引入。根据世贸协定中农业的相关规定，日本政府将继续推行与本国农业现状相符的结构性改革。In this connection, please also refer to the Day 2 statement by Japan. http://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/files/000236703.pdf.针对这点，请同时参考日本于第二天发表的声明。 网址：http://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/files/000236703.pdf.