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Plumbing
ROODEPARKElectricity, plumbing and mechanical maintenance
Year: Orientation 2 Section: Plumbers toolbox + PPE
Lesson: 1 Date: ________________
Introduction
A plumber is normally a person who will work with pipes and water. A plumber will fix taps, blocked drains, leaking pipes etc. To be a plumber you will need some basic tools. Most of these tools are available at your local hardware store.
Here follows a list of basic plumbing tools:
Toolbox
Pipe wrench/bobejaan spanner
Page 1
Plumbing
Using a pipe wrench
Hack saw
Hammer
Pliers
Water pump pliers
Page 2
Plumbing
Using water pump pliers
Measuring tape
Pipe bender
Using a pipe bender
Page 3
Plumbing
Vacuum plunger
Plunger
Using a plunger
Vice grip
Page 4
Plumbing
Using a vice grip
Using a vice grip
Shifting spanner
Using a shifting spanner
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Plumbing
Pipe cutter
Using a pipe cutter
Pipe threat cutter
Using a pipe threat cutter
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Plumbing
Gas flame
Tap wrench
Typical blockage
Typical blockage
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Plumbing
Drain rods
Drain rod attachments
Using a drain rod
Electric drain rod
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Plumbing
Pipe locator
Using a pipe locator
Using a pipe locator/leak detector
Drain camera with screen
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Plumbing
Drain camera
Image from a drain camera
Leak detection kit
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Plumbing
PPE Personal protective equipment
(PPE) refers to protective clothing, helmets, goggles, or other garments or equipment designed to protect the wearer's body from injury or infection. The hazards addressed by protective equipment include physical, electrical, heat, chemicals, biohazards, and airborne particulate matter.
Overall
Gloves
Safety shoes
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Plumbing
Respirator mask
Safety glasses
Hard hat
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Plumbing
ROODEPARKElectricity, plumbing and mechanical maintenance
Year: Orientation 2 Section: Plumbers toolbox + PPE
Lesson: 1 Date: ________________
Introduction
A plumber is normally a person who will work with _______ and _______. A plumber will fix______, ______________, _______________ etc. To be a plumber you will need some basic tools. Most of these tools are available at your local hardware store.
Here follows a list of basic plumbing tools:
___________________________
________________________________________
____________________________________
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Plumbing
___________________________________
______________________________________
__________________________________________
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Plumbing
_________________________________
________________________________________
____________________________________
___________________________________
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Plumbing
__________________________________
__________________________________
________________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
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Plumbing
________________________________________________
_________________________________________
__________________________________________
___________________________________
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Plumbing
_______________________________
______________________________
_________________________________
___________________________
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Plumbing
__________________________________
________________________________________
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Plumbing
PPE Personal protective equipment
(PPE) refers to protective clothing, helmets, goggles, or other garments or equipment designed to protect the wearer's body from injury or infection. The hazards addressed by protective equipment include physical, electrical, heat, chemicals, biohazards, and airborne particulate matter.
___________________________
______________________________
____________________________
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Plumbing
_______________________________
_______________________________
________________________
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Plumbing
ROODEPARKElectricity, plumbing and mechanical maintenance
Year: Orientation 2 Section: Fixing a leaking tap
Lesson: 2 Date: ________________
Introduction
A leaking tap normally refers to a tap that will keep on dripping after it has been closed.
Leaking or dripping tap
Tools:
Screw driver
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Plumbing
Shifting spanner
Pipe wrench
Tap reseating tool
Method:
1) Determine which tap is leaking.2) Close the main water supply to the tap.3) Loosen the tap.4) Disassemble the tap.5) Reseat the tap.6) Replace the broken parts.7) Re-assemble the tap.8) Re-fit the tap.9) Open the main water supply.10)Test for leaks.
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Plumbing
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Plumbing
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Plumbing
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Plumbing
ROODEPARKElectricity, plumbing and mechanical maintenance
Year: Orientation 2 Section: Fixing a leaking tap
Lesson: 2 Date: ________________
Introduction
A leaking tap normally refers to a tap that will keep on _________ after it has been ___________________.
________________________ or ____________________________ tap
Tools:
______________________________
______________________________________
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Plumbing
_____________________________________
________________________________
Method:
1) ____________________________________________________________2) ____________________________________________________________3) ____________________________________________________________4) ____________________________________________________________5) ____________________________________________________________6) ____________________________________________________________7) ____________________________________________________________8) ____________________________________________________________9) ____________________________________________________________10)____________________________________________________________
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Plumbing
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Plumbing
ROODEPARKElectricity, plumbing and mechanical maintenance
Year: Orientation 2 Section: Replacing a mixer(Faucet)
Lesson:3 Date: ________________
Overview:
A mixer also known as a faucet is a tap that mixes hot and cold water.
Mixer
Replacing a mixer
Tools needed:
Pipe wrench(Bobejaan)
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Plumbing
Shifting Spanner
Waterpump pliers
Adjustable basin wrench
Hemp
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Plumbing
Plumber tape
1) Determine the size of the mixer.2) Determine the distance between the holes of the mixer3) Buy the right mixer4) Turn off the main water supply5) Loosen the old mixer6) Replace the mixer7) Fasten all the nuts8) Test the mixer for any leakages.
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Plumbing
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Plumbing
ROODEPARKElectricity, plumbing and mechanical maintenance
Year: Orientation 2 Section: Replacing a mixer(Faucet)
Lesson:3 Date: ________________
Question 1
What does a mixer do?
___________________________________________________________________
Question 2
Name the tools needed to replace a mixer:1)________________________________________2)________________________________________3)________________________________________4)________________________________________5)________________________________________6)________________________________________
Question 3
Name the steps to follow when replacing a mixer:1)_________________________________________________________________2)_________________________________________________________________3)_________________________________________________________________4)_________________________________________________________________5)_________________________________________________________________6)_________________________________________________________________7)_________________________________________________________________8)_________________________________________________________________
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Plumbing
ROODEPARKElectricity, plumbing and mechanical maintenance
Year: Orientation 2 Section: How does a Geyser work
Lesson:4 Date: ________________
Overview
In our country we have mainly 4 types of geysers:1) Electric geyser2) Solar geyser3) Gas geyser4) Fire geyser (donkey)
Electric Geyser
Solar Geyser
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Plumbing
Gas Geyser
Fire Geyser (donkey)
Parts of a geyser
Element 1
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Plumbing
Element 2
The purpose of an element is to heat the water inside a geyser
Thermostat
The purpose of the thermostat is to control the heat of the water inside the geyser. The thermostat has different heat settings. Once that setting has been reached, the thermostat automatically switch the geyser off. When the heat of the water falls below the set heat on the thermostat it switches the geyser on.
Vacuum breaker
The purpose of the vacuum breaker is to supply air to the geyser once a tap is opened or to let air out of the geyser once the geyser is busy filling up.
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Plumbing
Master control valve / pressure control valve
The purpose of the master control valve is to control the pressure of the water that flows into the geyser. It also prevents the hot water from flowing back into the cold water system.
Safety valve
The purpose of the safety valve is to release the pressure inside a geyser should the pressure go above a certain predetermined setting.
Drip trayA geyser gets mounted onto a drip tray. Any water that might spill from the geyser will fall into the drip tray. The purpose of the drip tray is to disperse of this water. It will also prevent damage to the ceiling and surrounding areas.
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Plumbing
Cold water will flow into the geyser via the master control valve. Once the geyser is filled, the thermostat will detect the temperature of the water. The thermostat will now switch on the element. The element will heat the water. Once the temperature of water has reached the selected temperature on the thermostat, the thermostat will then switch the geyser off.
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Plumbing
ROODEPARKElectricity, plumbing and mechanical maintenance
Year: Orientation 2 Section: How does a Geyser work
Lesson:4 Date: ________________
Question 1
In our country we have mainly 4 types of geysers Name them:1) ________________________2) ________________________3) ________________________4) ________________________
____________________________
___________________________
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Plumbing
_________________________
____________________________
Question 2
Name the different parts of a geyser and the purpose thereof.
_____________________________________
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Plumbing
____________________________________
The purpose of an ___________________________________________________
________________________________
The purpose of the ____________________________________________________
________________________________
The purpose of the __________________________________________________.
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Plumbing
_______________________________________________
The purpose of the ____________________________________________________
___________________________________
The purpose of the ___________________________________________________
____________________________________
The purpose of the ___________________________________________________
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Plumbing
ROODEPARKElectricity, plumbing and mechanical maintenance
Year: Orientation 2 Section: Replacing a valve
Lesson :5 Date: ________________
Overview
Most geysers today have got four valves:1) Master control valve2) Safety or pressure relief valve3) 2 Vacuum breakers.
Master control valve
Safety or pressure relief valve
Vacuum breaker
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Plumbing
Tools needed1) Screwdriver2) Pipe wrench (bobejaan)3) Shifting spanner4) Water pump pliers.5) Hemp or plumber tape6) Hose pipe
Screw drivers
Pipe wrench
Shifting spanner
Water pump pliers
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Plumbing
Plumber tape
Hemp
Steps to follow when replacing one of these valves:1) Switch off the power supply to the geyser2) Turn off the water supply to the geyser3) Empty the geyser by connecting the hose pipe to the outlet4) Replace the valve5) Turn on the water supply to the geyser and allow it to fill up.6) Check for any leaks7) Switch on the power supply to the geyser
Using a hosepipe to empty a geyser.
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Plumbing
Replacing the valve
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Plumbing
ROODEPARKElectricity, plumbing and mechanical maintenance
Year: Orientation 2 Section: Replacing a valve
Lesson :5 Date: ________________
Question 1
Name the valves found on a geyser:1) __________________________2) __________________________3) __________________________
_____________________________
____________________________________
__________________________________________
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Plumbing
Question 2
Name the tools needed to replace a valve on a geyser:
_________________________
_____________________________
_______________________________
___________________________
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Plumbing
___________________________
______________________________
Question 3
Name the steps to follow when replacing a valve on a geyser:1)_____________________________________________________2)_____________________________________________________3)_____________________________________________________4)_____________________________________________________5)_____________________________________________________6)_____________________________________________________7)_____________________________________________________
Page 50
Plumbing
ROODEPARKElectricity, plumbing and mechanical maintenance
Year: Orientation 2 Section: Setting and replacing a thermostat
Lesson :6 Date: ________________
Overview
A thermostat in a geyser is the part that controls the heat of the water. A thermostat has different heat settings. The heat settings ranges from 0 – 70 degrees Celsius. Once the water has reached the set temperature the thermostat will automatically switch the element of the geyser off. Once the temperature goes below the setting, the thermostat will switch the element of the geyser on again to heat up the water.
Thermostat
Thermostat.
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Plumbing
Tools needed
1) Screw driver2) Shifting spanner
Screw drivers
Shifting spanner
Steps to follow to replace the thermostat
1) Switch off the electricity to the geyser2) Unscrew the cover of the geyser that houses the thermostat3) Disconnect the old thermostat4) Unscrew or slide the old thermostat out of the geyser5) Insert the new thermostat6) Connect the new thermostat7) Set the thermostat to the correct heat setting8) Replace the cover of the geyser9) Switch on the electricity to the geyser10)Test the temperature of the water.
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Plumbing
Thermostat with all its connections
Geyser with its cover on
Setting the temperature of the thermostat.
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Plumbing
ROODEPARKElectricity, plumbing and mechanical maintenance
Year: Orientation 2 Section: Setting and replacing a thermostat
Lesson :6 Date: ________________
Question 1
What is the purpose of the thermostat in a geyser?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Question 2
Name the tools needed to replace a thermostat__________________________________________________________________________
Question 3
Name the steps to follow when replacing and setting a thermostat on a geyser:
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 54
Plumbing
ROODEPARKElectricity, plumbing and mechanical maintenance
Year: Orientation 2 Section: Fixing a leaking toilet
Lesson :7 Date: ________________
Overview
A toilet mainly consists of two parts:1) The cistern2) The bowl
A leak on a toilet will mostly occur where the toilet is connected to the main sewerage pipe or where the cistern connects to the bowl.
Typical toilet
Tools needed to fix a leaking toilet:
1) Pipe wrench2) Toilet wax pan seal ring3) Cistern/Toilet connection rubber
Pipe wrench / Bobejaan
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Plumbing
Gasket set
Cistern/toilet connection rubber
Method:1) Turn off the water supply to the cistern2) Take out the old wax gasket 3) Insert the new wax gasket and press it in firmly using your thumbs.4) Use the pipe wrench and loosen the nut underneath the cistern5) Swing the drain pipe out.6) Fit the connection rubber onto the cistern7) Connect drain pipe to the rubber8) Fasten the nut on the cistern9) Turn on the water supply10)Check for leaks.
Page 56
Plumbing
ROODEPARKElectricity, plumbing and mechanical maintenance
Year: Orientation 2 Section: Fixing a leaking toilet
Lesson :7 Date: ________________
Question 1
Name the parts that a toilet consists of._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Question 2
Name the tools needed to fix a leaking toilet____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Question 3
Name the method to follow to fix a leaking toilet:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 57
Plumbing
ROODEPARKElectricity, plumbing and mechanical maintenance
Year: Orientation 2 Section: Replacing and fixing the cistern
Lesson :8 Date: ________________
Important notes to the plumber
1) The cistern should be fitted first2) Do not use putty as a sealant between cistern and bowl3) The overflow should be adjusted at least 25 mm above the waterline.4) Complete all plumbing connections according to local by laws and SABS
specifications.5) Today most hardware stores will sell you a replacement kit for the cistern.
Tools required
1) Screw drivers2) Electric drill3) Cistern
Screw driver set
Electric drill
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Plumbing
Cistern
Method
1) Mark the holes for the cistern2) Drill the holes3) Fit the cistern
Cistern being fitted against the wall
4) Fit valve outlet to cistern. Do not over tighten back nut.5) Fit inlet valve into the cistern. 6) Ensure that the lever arm moves freely and that the ball clears the cistern
body.7) Ensure that the flush valve does not jam.8) Fit the handle assembly9) Fit the cistern stopper or external overflow as required.10)Fit water inlet to cistern11)After instalation open water supply and check for leaks.
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Plumbing
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Plumbing
ROODEPARKElectricity, plumbing and mechanical maintenance
Year: Orientation 2 Section: Replacing and fixing the cistern
Lesson :8 Date: ________________
Question 1
On a toilet, what should be fitted first?
__________________________________________________________________
Question 2
Is putty a good sealant between a cistern and the bowl?
___________________________________________________________________
Question 3
According to which by laws should the connections be completed?
___________________________________________________________________
Question 4
How high should the overflow be adjusted?
___________________________________________________________________
Question 5
What tools are required to install or repair a cistern?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Question 5
Name the steps to be followed to install a cistern?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Plumbing
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Plumbing
ROODEPARKElectricity, plumbing and mechanical maintenance
Year: Orientation 2 Section: Unblocking a drain or zink
Lesson :9 Date: ________________
Overview
A blockage in a drain or zink is normally something that stops the water from draining from the drain or zink into the main sewerage system.
Tools needed to unblock a drain or zink
Plunger
Vacuum plunger
Drain rods
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Plumbing
Method to unblock a zink
1) Fill the zink with water2) Place the plunger over the drain outlet of the zink3) Pump the plunger4) The pressure of the plunger will cause the water to remove the blockage.5) Stop pumping as soon as the water starts to flow again.
Using a plunger
Using a vacuum plunger
Method to unblock a drain
1) Insert the drain rod into the inspection hole of the drain.2) Keep on rotating the rod and push it forward and backward3) Extend the rod by adding more rods4) Keep on adding rods and rotating the rods until the blockage has been
removed or the water starts to drain.
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Plumbing
Drain rods
Using drain rods
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Plumbing
ROODEPARKElectricity, plumbing and mechanical maintenance
Year: Orientation 2 Section: Unblocking a drain or zink
Lesson :9 Date: ________________
Question 1
Name the tools needed to unblock a drain or zink.
____________________________
___________________________________
_________________________
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Plumbing
Question 2
What method should be followed to unblock a zink.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Question 3
What method should be followed to unblock a drain___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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