PAPER 1: SECTION B: LIVING WORLD

3. TROPICAL RAINFORESTS

Use your exercise book – this is REVISIONMissing work? Ask your teacher or borrow a book.

Tables will need to be made bigger – check before you print.

The physical characteristics of a rainforest

Unscramble the word to understand this sentence: STRATIFICATION is shown on the diagram below. It shows the different L R Y A E S _________________ of the rainforest.

Annotate the diagram below showing stratification using the following labels:Shrub layer Emergent layer Canopy layer Under canopy layer

You can use this to help you if you cannot find it in your book.https://www.bbc.com/bitesize/guides/zx8n39q/revision/1

Nutrient cycling in a tropical rainforest:

What is nutrient cycling? Use Revision 1 Ecosystems if you cannot remember

Unscramble the words:This diagram shows Epping Forest’s N R N T U I E T __________________________ cycle. It is a P L A O I T R P O O R N ___________________ diagram which means you can easily see which stores and transfers are the biggest/smallest.

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TROPICAL RAINFOREST:

Match the following up to explain the tropical rainforest’s proportional nutrient cycle above:Why is the biomass so large? Leaves are decomposed quickly in

the hot, wet climate.

Why is the litter store so small? Tree roots quickly suck up the nutrients from the soil so they can grow tall to get to the canopy ANDlots of heavy rainfall means lots of leaching of nutrients out of the soil.

Why is the soil store not as large as Epping Forest’s (small scale UK ecosystem)?

Very tall trees (much taller than in Epping Forest)

Why is there lots of leaching here? Very heavy rainfall every day due to the low air pressure at the Equator (warm air rises, condenses and it precipitates)

Variety of plants and animals in a tropical rainforest:Unscramble the words to explain the variety

B R O I D I E V S T I Y _______________ is the number of species of plants and animals that are found in an area. Factors that affect the level of biodiversity in an area are things such as T R E T R E A P M U E ___________________, moisture, S T L I N U G H _________________ and nutrients. The tropical rainforests have a very I G H H ____________ biodiversity because the hot and wet A L I C M T E ________________ combined with consistent hours of sunlight all year round allows a great V T R Y A I E ____________________ of plants to grow in the rainforest. It is estimated that 50% of the world’s 10 million species live in the tropical rainforests. A typical 5 hectare patch of rainforest contains 750 species of trees, 1500 species of flowering plants, 400 species of birds, 150 species of butterflies and 100 species of reptiles.

Explain how climate affects a tropical rainforest biome - vegetationa) Fill in the blanks using these words. b) Match the picture with the explanation.

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Drip tip Hot Buttress roots Photosynthesis

Liana Adapt Wet Flexible

A tropical rainforest climate is __________ and _________________ so plants have to _______________ to survive.

For example, some leaves have ____________ bases so they can always turn to face the sun in order to maximise the amount of time and energy they can get from the sun from ______________________

Picture of adaptation How this adaptation helps the vegetation cope with the climate:

This is a picture of a ___________________________

Acts like scaffolding to hold up the very tall trees so they can get to the canopy and the most sunlight and rainfall.

This is a picture of ___________________________

Allows the heavy rainfall to fall off the leaf so it doesn’t get waterlogged, go mouldy and die.

This is a picture of a ___________________________

These climb up trees to the canopy so that they can get to the most sunlight and rainfall.

Explain how climate affects a tropical rainforest biome - animalsa) Fill in the blanks using these words.

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Hot Parasol ant (also known as leaf cutters)

Three toed sloth Fungus

Canopy Adapt Wet Algae

A tropical rainforest climate is __________ and _________________ so animals have to _______________ to survive.

Picture of adaptation How this adaptation helps the vegetation cope with the climate:

This is a picture of a

_________________________

Watch this clip:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OuInX_lsI8g

The hot, wet climate means it can easily grow ____________ on its fur which helps it camouflage itself in the ______________ layer to survive.

This is a picture of a

_________________________

Watch this clip:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqXC1nVEMw4

They cut bits of leaf and the hot, wet climate allows the leaves and saliva from the ants to turn into a _______________ which the ants then eat to survive.

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