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National 4/5 Physics: Waves Tutorial Questions Edited from materials by Auchmuty High School 1

National 4/5 Physics

Waves

Tutorial Sheets Answering Problems Guide Questions Solutions Revision Help Sheets


Answering Problems GuideCalculations A standard calculation problem will be worth 3 marks:

1 mark for using the correct equation.1 mark for correct substitution (putting the numbers in) 1 mark for correct answer with the correct unit.

It is best to write down all your steps to ensure you get as many marks as you can. Always work in SI units: convert centimetres into metres, hours into seconds

before the calculations, UNLESS the question says otherwise. Express your final answer with the same number of significant figures as the numbers

given in the question

Written Answers

State— “tell me...” give definition, read from a table/diagram etc.What is meant by — state the meaning of the word or phraseShow that — prove that the number given is correct by performing appropriate calculations to get the same numberDescribe — give an outline/description of what happensGive one reason — give an explanation, in terms of the physics, for what happensExplain — Relate cause and effect; make the relationships between things evident; provide why and/or how. May include a diagram.JUSTIFy — give reasons, in terms of the physics, that support your answerLabel — identify/mark your answer on the diagramIdentify — use the information given to pick an answerDetermine — find out using calculations, a scale drawing or a graphSUggest why — explain, in physics termsPredict — Suggest what may happen based on available information. May include calculations. Comment on — this is an explanation usually worth 3 marks. Make at least 3 points in your explanationDraw — draw a simple, scientific diagram with appropriate labels.

If the question is asking for ONE answer, only give one. Reread the questions. Then reread your answer to make sure it answers it. Be specific—NEVER use the word “it”. Specify what you’re talking about. “the car

accelerates” is better than “it accelerates”, “time to go round the track” is better than “the time”.

Don’t use the words “probably”, “possibly”, “about”, “quite”. Don’t panic

Units, Prefixes and Scientific Notation


1. Write the following numbers in scientific notation a. 1001b. 53c. 6926300000d. 0.0000000013e. 0.13592f. 0.00361

2. Write the following numbers in decimal notationa. 1.92 x 103

b. 3.051 x 102

c. 9.35 x 10-6

d. 8.2 x 10-3

e. 0.1 x 10-9

f. 0.1 x 109

3. Calculatea. 4.13 x 10-15 x 5.4 x 102

b. 1.695 x 104 ÷ 1.395 x 1015

c. 6.97 x 103 x 2.34 x 10-6 + 3.2 x 10-2

4. A boyband released two albums. Their first album sold 5.9 x 105 copies. Their second album sold 1.3 x 106 copies. How many total copies have they sold?

Wave PropertiesWave Characteristics

X


1) What do waves carry?2) What two types of waves have you studied?3) Copy and complete the table below to show the wave type of each of the following

wavesWater waves, soUNd waves, light waves, radio waves, microwaves, ULtrasoUNd

L T

4) Look at the diagram below and answer the following questions

a) What type of wave is it?b) The wave is moving from left to right. Describe how the point X on the

wave is moving.

5) A slinky can be used to show different types of waves.X

a) What type of wave is the slinky showing here?b) The wave is moving from left to right. Describe how point X on the wave is

moving.

6) Copy and complete the following sentences. waves, for example water waves, carry by vibrating at right angles to the direction of the wave’s motion. waves, for example soUNd waves, carry throUGH a where the particles vibrate in the direction as the wave’s motion.

d


Wavelength and Amplitude1) A-B represents one wavelength in the diagram below. State two other pairs of letters which represent one wavelength

A B

C D EF G

2) How many waves are shown in each of the diagrams below?

a) b)

c) d)

3) The wave train shown below is 20m long. How long is each wave?

4) The wavelength of the waves in the diagram below is 3cm. What is the distance between the start and the end of it?

5) What is the wavelength of the waves in the diagram below?300m

6) Draw a wave train consisting of 2 waves. Put the labels wavelength and amplitude on your diagram in appropriate places.

7) A stone is thrown into a pond, and a wave pattern is produced as shown on the right. The wavelength of the waves is 6cm. Calculate the distance, d, travelled by the outside wave.

8) Red light from a laser has a wavelength of 4 x 10-7 m in a certain glass. How many waves, from this laser, would cover a length of 2 cm in this glass?

Helpful hint:Speed of light in air = 3x108ms-1 Speed of sound in air = 340 ms-1


Wave Speed1) Calculate the average speed for each of the following wave signals, and state whether

the signal is light or sound.a) 600 000 000 metres covered in 2 secondsb) 1700 metres covered in 5 secondsc) 500 metres covered in 1.47 secondsd) 8600 metres covered in 25.3 secondse) 6500 metres covered in 0.000022 secondsf) 255 metres covered in 0.75 seconds

2) Calculate how far light travels ina) 1 second b) 3 seconds c) 10 seconds

3) Calculate how far sound travels ina) 1 second b) 3 seconds c) 10 seconds

4) Colin is worried about the dangers of being out on the golf course during a thunder and lightning storm. He sees a flash of lightning and counts 4 seconds before he hears the clap of thunder. How far away is the storm?

5) A group of physics students set out to measure the speed of sound. The pupils stand a distance of 200 metres from the teacher who has a flash gun and starter pistol. The pupils have to start their stopcock when they see the flash and stop it when they hear the bang. The experiment is carried out three times and the results are shown in the table below.

Distance from gun to pupils (m)

Time recorded (s)

speed of sound (m/s)

200 0.63200 0.62200 0.65

a) Calculate the speed of sound from each pupil’s set of measurementsb) From the three results, work out the average value for the speed of sound

6) Spectators are told to stay behind a barrier which is 100m away from where fireworks are being set off at a display. How long will it take spectators to hear a ‘banger’ after they have seen it explode?

7) During the Edinburgh Tattoo, tourists on Princes Street see the canon smoke from the castle 3 seconds before they hear the bang. How far are they from the castle?

8) A plane spotter sees a military jet and then 4.5 seconds later hears the roar from its engine. How far away is the jet?


Frequency

1) Calculate the frequency of each of the following waves:a) 10 waves passing a point in 5 secondsb) 240 waves passing a point in 5 secondsc) 30 waves produced in a time of 60 secondsd) 9600 waves passing a point in 800 secondse) In a 90 second period of time, 4500 waves are producedf) Every 15 seconds, 300 000 waves are generated

2) If a wave machine produces 5 waves each second what is the frequency of the machine?3) A man stands on a beach and counts 40 waves hitting the shore in 10 seconds.

What is the frequency of these waves?4) In 100 seconds a particular smoke alarm emits 1 000 000 sound waves. What is the

frequency of the sound waves?5) A girl is sitting on the edge of a pier. It takes 0·625 seconds for one complete wave

to pass underneath her. What is the frequency of the waves?6) A girl stands on a beach and counts 15 waves crashing onto the shore in a time of 1

minute. What is the frequency of the waves?7) In a swimming pool a wave machine creates waves with a frequency of 2 Hz. How many

waves are produced in 5 minutes?8) A smoke alarm sends out high-pitched sound waves with a frequency of 12 000 Hz. If

the alarm is on for 30 seconds how many waves does it emit?9) A tuning fork makes a sound with a frequency of 440Hz. How long does it take to

produce 2200 waves at this frequency?10) A clarinet player plays a long note emitting 9000 waves with a frequency of 1500Hz.

For how long does she play this note?11) A woman’s ear detects 4000 sound waves from an alert on her phone. If the

frequency of the sound is 8000Hz, how long does the alert last?12) A pebble was thrown into a still pond and wave ripples were

produced at a rate of 3 waves per second. The diagram below represents the wave pattern in the pond a short time after the pebble was dropped. Each line represents one wave.a) What was the frequency of the waves in Hertz?b) How many waves are represented in the diagram?c) How long did it take for this wave pattern to form?

Helpful hint:

Radio and television waves are electromagnetic waves, which travel at a speed of 3x108ms-1 through air.


The Wave Equation

1) Calculate the frequency of a radio wave which has a wavelength of 442 m.2) The navy use long wavelength radio waves for telecommunication.

Calculate the frequency of a radio wave with a wavelength of 8 600 m used by the navy to communicate at sea.

3) If you look in a newspaper or television magazine you will see information on radio and TV programmes. The radio section usually gives you the frequency of each radio station so that you can find the programme that you want to listen to on the radio. Below is a list of some radio stations you can tune into on medium wave (MW).a) Virgin Radio MW 1 215 kHzb) Radio Scotland MW 810 kHzc) Radio Forth MW 1 548 kHz

Calculate the wavelength of each of these stations in metres.4) Radio 5 Live broadcasts a news programme called ‘News Extra’ at 7.00 pm on

MW 433 m. Calculate the frequency of this broadcast.5) A television signal is sent in the same way as a radio signal. To broadcast a television

programme two radio carrier waves are needed. One wave carries the picture information and one wave carries the sound information. BBC 1 use a 621·25 MHz radio wave to carry the sound signal and a 615·25 MHz radio wave to carry the picture signal. Calculate the wavelength of each of these carrier waves.

6) How long would it take for a radio signal to travel from the broadcasting station to a radio receiver 40 km away?

7) A long distance lorry driver uses a CB radio to talk to a colleague 48 km away. How long does it take for the radio wave to travel this distance?


8) Air traffic control sends a radio message to an aeroplane that is preparing to land at Aberdeen airport. The plane is instructed to descend to 1000 m. The plane was 8 km from the control tower when it received the instruction. Calculate how long it took for the radio message to reach the aeroplane.

9) A pulse of light is transmitted down a fibre optic cable every 0·5 ms. How far does light travel between each pulse?

10) Transatlantic cables are used to carry information over very long distances. If a signal takes 16·7 ms to travel 3 400 km calculate the speed of light in glass under water.

11) When the signals described in Question 10 are received they are very weak. Researchers decide to use optical amplifiers which will ‘boost’ the signal every 100 km. ‘Boosting’ a signal takes 0·08 ms. How much longer will the information now take to travel the same distance?

12) Blue light of wavelength 410 nm in air and 274 nm in glass is passed down a fibre optic cable of length 6m. What is the frequency of the light:a) in air?b) in glass?

13) Laser light of wavelength 850 nm and frequency 2·4x1014 Hz is used to transmit information down a fibre. Calculate:a) the speed of light in the fibreb) how long the light takes to travel 600 m down the fibre at this speed.

14) Calculate the frequency of red light (wavelength = 467 nm in glass) as it passes down a piece of fibre optic cable.

Diffraction


1) Waves are able to bend around the edge of an obstacle. What do we call this property of waves?

2) Copy and complete the following diagrams to show the progression of the waves as they pass through the gap.

3) Which of these radio signals will diffract most easily around a hill? Explain your answer. A — λ = 0.2km B — λ = 100m C — λ = 8000cm

4) Which of these waves will diffract most easily around tall buildings? Explain your answer. A — f = 50MHz B — f = 500 000 Hz C — f = 800 kHz

5) A hill lies between a radio and television transmitter and a house.

The house is within the range of both the radio and television signals from the transmitter. In the house, a radio has good reception but a TV has poor reception from the transmitter. Suggest an explanation for this.

6) Drivers in two cars, A and B, are listening to a performance on the radio. The performance is being broadcast on two different wavebands from the same transmitter.The ratio in car A is tuned to an AM signal of frequency 1152kHz. The radio in car B is tuned to an FM signal of frequency 102.5MHz. Both cars drive into a valley surrounded by hills.The radio in car B loses the signal from the broadcast. Explain why this signal is lost.

SoundSpeed of Sound


1) The following apparatus was set up to measure the speed of sound. Describe how you would use this to measure the speed of sound.

2) a) During a thunderstorm, what signal is made first—the sound, the light, or are they both made at the same time?b) Why do we see the light before we hear the sound?

3) The diagram below represents the particle arrangements for an ice cube (solid), changing into water (liquid) and then steam (gas).

ice liquid gasBy thinking about the arrangement of the particles, do you think sound will travel fastest in asolid, liquid or gas? Explain your answer.

4) During the demolition of some high rise flats in Glasgow spectators saw the explosion first and heard it 7 seconds later.a) Why was there a delay?b) How far away from the explosion were the spectators standing?

Sound Echoes5) Paul is standing a distance of 100m away from a large building. He shouts loudly and

hears and echo.a) How far away did the sound travel between leaving Peter and returning to him as an

echo?b) If the speed of sound in air is 340ms-1, how long did it take for the sound to return to

Paul?6) Claire is standing 50m away from a large cliff face. She shouts loudly and hears an echo.

a) How far did the sound travel between leaving Claire and returning to her as an echo?b) If the speed of sound in air is 340ms-1, how long did it take for the sound to return to

her?

50m


7) A hiker stands in a canyon and shouts so that she hears an echo from the canyon wall. She records a time of 0.47 seconds between shouting and hearing an echo.a) How far did the sound travel in this time? (assume v = 340ms-1)b) Calculate the distance between the hiker and the wall.

8) SONAR (SOund Navigation And Ranging) equipment can be used to find fish under the water.

The sound frequencies used in sonar systems vary from very low to extremely high.On one particular fishing trip, a sound pulse is transmitted and the echo from the sea bed is received 0.06 seconds later.a) How far did the sound pulse travel between transmission and detection? (speed of sound in water 1500ms-1)b) How deep was the sea at this point?c) A large fish swam under the boat giving an echo time of 0.02 seconds. Calculate how far below the boat the fish was swimming.

9) Ultrasound is sound that is so high pitched, humans cannot hear it. During an ultrasound scan a foetus’ forehead is situated 7.5 cm from the transmitter/detector apparatus. The ultrasound pulse, travelling at 1500ms-1 is reflected from the forehead.

a) What is the total distance travelled by the pulse?b) What time elapses between the transmission of the pulse and the detection of the pulse echo?

10) During an ultrasound scan of a thyroid gland, an ultrasonic pulse, travelling at 1500ms-1 is reflected from a piece of tissue situated 3cm from the transmitter/detector.a) What is the total distance travelled by the pulse?b) What time elapses between the transmission of the pulse and the detection of the pulse echo?

X-RAY MACHINE

Electromagnetic Spectrum


1) For each of the 7 bands of the electromagnetic spectrum, state 2 uses.2) An x-ray photograph is taken of a patient’s knee.

XY Z

Photographic film

a) At which position should the patient’s knee be placed; X, Y or Z?b) Why does the nurse stand behind a lead screen while the x-ray machine is operating?c) Explain how the photographic film shows up the bones in the patient’s knee.

3) a) What is the danger of over-exposure to ultraviolet radiation?b) Give ways in which this risk can be reduced.

4) Laser pointers use low powered laser beams however these can still be dangerous. What part of the body would be most easily damaged by this laser light?

5) Over exposure to gamma radiation is dangerous. Explain why.6) What so all waves in the electromagnetic spectrum have in common?7) Look at the following diagram of the electromagnetic spectrum.

A B C Visible light

D X-rays E

a) Identify the parts of the spectrum labelled A B C D and E.b) In which part of the spectrum do the waves have the longest wavelengths?c) In which part of the spectrum do the waves have the lowest frequencies?d) In which part of the spectrum do the waves have the highest energy?e) What colour of visible light has the longer wavelength: red or violet?


8) The list below shows frequency bands, wavelength ranges and energies associated with sections of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Spectrum section Wavelength range (m) Frequency band (Hz) Energy range of waves (J)

1 4 x 10-7 to 7 x 10-7 4 x 1014 to 7.5 x 1014 3 x 10-19 to 5 x 10-19

2 1 x 10-3 to 1 x 10-1 3 x 109 to 3 x 1011 2 x 10-24 to 2 x 10-22

3 Over 0.1 Less than 3 x 109 Less than 2 x 10-24

4 1 x 10-11 to 1 x 10-8 3 x 1016 to 3 x 1019 2 x 10-17 to 2 x 10-14

5 1 x 10-8 to 4 x 10-7 7.5 x 1014 to 3 x 1016 5 x 10-19 to 2 x 10-17

6 Less than 1 x 10-11 Over 3 x 1019 Over 2 x 10-14

7 7 x 10-7 to 1 x 10-3 3 x 1011 to 4 x 1014 2 x 10-22 to 3 x 10-19

Spectrum section 3 has the longest wavelength, lowest frequency and lowest energy. It covers Radio waves.a) Starting with the spectrum section 3, order the sections from lowest to highest frequency and identify what part of the spectrum each section number relates to.b) What is the wavelength range of gamma radiation?c) What is the frequency band of ultraviolet?d) What range of energies would x-rays have?e) What section of the electromagnetic spectrum has a wavelength

range of 4 x 10-7 to 7 x 10-7 (400—700 nm)?f) Give suitable wavelength values for red, blue and green light, in nm.

Helpful hint:

9) An Olympic athlete can run 100m in 10 seconds. How far would a radio wave travel in 10 seconds?

10) On 12 December 1901, Gugliemo Marconi sent the first radio message across the Atlantic ocean. The message travelled a total distance of 3440km between Cornwall in England and Newfoundland in Canada. How long did it take the radio message to travel between England and Canada?

11) A channel 4 programme is transmitted from an aerial outside Inverness. A radio wave of frequency 645.25 MHz carries the sound signal. The picture signal is carried by a radio wave of frequency 639.25 MHz.a) Calculate the wavelength of the radio wave carrying the picture signalb) How long would it take for the sound signal to reach Aberdeen which is 152km from the transmitter.c) How far would the picture signal travel in 8.5 x 10-4 seconds.

12)A dish aerial at a ground station collects 12GHz signal transmitted by a satellite. The signal took 0.15s to reach the aerial.a) What is the wavelength of the signal?b) How far is the satellite from the ground station?


13) Microwaves are part of the electromagnetic spectrum and have many uses from telecommunications to cooking. Microwaves of wavelength 12cm are used in ovens to cook food. The human body gives out microwaves too. These microwaves, of wavelength 9cm can, can be detected by a small aerial placed in contact with the skin. This then allows doctors to measure the temperature of organs inside the body.Calculate the frequency of microwaves used in ovens.

14) Tony sprained his ankle playing football. The physiotherapist used infrared radiation to heat the tissue in his ankle and help it heal. If the wavelength of the infrared radiation is 1.2 x 10-4m in air, calculate its frequency.

15) David is suffering from pains in his knees. The doctors in the hospital take a “heat picture”, called a thermogram, of his knees, which shows up inflammation of the joints caused by arthritis. The infrared radiation being given out by the knees has a frequency of 5 x 1012 Hz. Calculate the wavelength of this infrared radiation in air.

16) Our eyes can detect visible light which has wavelengths ranging from 400 nm to 700 nm in air. Light with wavelength of about 400nm is violet in colour. Red light has a wavelength of around 700nm. Calculate the frequencies of violet and red light.

17) The ancient Egyptians used ultraviolet radiation from the Sun’s rays to treat the skin complaint acne. Ultraviolet radiation is still used in hospitals to treat this condition. Calculate the wavelength of UV radiation that has a frequency of 8.8 x 1016Hz.

18) Gamma rays typically have frequencies above 10 “exahertz” or 1 x 1019Hz. Calculate the wavelength of gamma waves of frequency 1.2 x 1019Hz.

19) Radio waves of frequency 30Hz—3kHz are called extra low frequency (ELF) and are used for communicating with submarines which are moving in deep water.a) What is the wavelength of a 30Hz ELF wave in air?b) A navy ship sends a radio message of frequency 3kHz to a submarine directly below it. The signal travels at 2 x 108 ms-1 in water. If the signal takes 3.4 x 10-7

seconds to reach the submarine, calculate the depth, d, at which the submarine is cruising.

F

D

AC B

E


Refraction1) What is meant by the word “refraction”?2) The diagram below shows light passing through a rectangular block of perspex.

a) What name is given to the dotted line?

b) Which angle is the angle of incidence?c) Which angle is the angle of refraction?d) What happens to the speed of the light as the light enters the perspex block?e) What happens to the speed of the light as the light leaves the perspex block?

3) Describe and explain what happens to the wavelength of light as it travels from a less dense medium to a more dense medium.

Solutions


Units, Prefixes and Scientific Notation 1. a) 1.001x103 b) 5.3x101

c) 6.9263x109 d) 1.3x10-9

e) 1.3592x10-1 f) 3.61x10-3

2. a) 1920 b) 305.1c) 0.00000935 d) 0.0082e) 0.0000000001 f) 100000000 3. a) 2.23x10-12 b) 1.22x10-11 c) 0.054. 1.89x106

Wave Characteristics p.22 1. Energy2. Transverse and Longitudinal4. a) Transverse b) up and down5. a) Longitudinal b) left to right6. transverse, energy, longitudinal, energy, medium, same. Wavelength and Amplitude p.23 1. CE, FG2. a) 3 b) 1.5 c) 2 d) 53. 5m4. 15cm 5. 60m7. 18cm 8. 50000 Wave Speed p.24 1. a)300 000 000m/s, lightb) 340m/s, soundc) 340m/s, soundd) 340m/s, sounde) 300 000 000m/s lightf) 340m/s, sound2. a) 300 000 000mb) 900 000 000mc) 30 000 000 000m3. a) 340m b) 1020mc) 3400m 4. 1360m5. a) 317, 323, 308 m/sb) 316 m/s 6. 0.29s7. 1020m8. 1530m Frequency p.25 1. a) 2Hz b) 48Hzc) 0.5Hz d) 12Hze) 50Hz f) 20 000Hz2. 5Hz3. 4Hz4. 10 000Hz5. 1.6Hz6. 0.25Hz7. 6008. 3600009. 5s10. 6s 11. 0.5s12. a) 3Hz b) 6 wavesc) 2s

The Wave Equation p.26 1. 6.8x105Hz2. 34 884Hz3. a) 246.91m b) 370.37m c) 193.80m4. 6.93x105Hz5. picture wave: 0.4m sound wave: 0.48m 6. 1.33x10-4 s7. 1.6x10-4 s8. 2.67x10-5 s9. 1x105 m10. 2.04 x 108 m/s11. 2.72x10-6 s12. a) 7.3x1014Hz b) 7.3x1014Hz13. a) 2.04x108 m/s b) 2.94x10-6 s14. 4.28x1014Hz Diffraction p. 28 1. Diffraction3. A—longest wavelength diffracts most4. B—lowest frequency diffracts most Sound p.29 4. b) 2380m5. a) 200m b) 0.59s6. a) 100m b) 0.29s7. a) 160m b) 80m 8. a) 90m b) 45mc) 15m9. a) 0.15m b) 1x10-4 s10. a) 0.06mb) 4x10-5 s Electromagnetic Spectrum p.31 9. 3x109m10. 0.01s11. a) 0.47m b) 5.1x10-4 s c) 255000m12. a) 0.03m b) 4.5x107m13. 2.5x109Hz14. 2.5x1012Hz15. 6x10-5 m16. violet—7.5x1014 Hz red—4.3x1014 Hz17. 3.4x10-9 m18. 2.5x10-11m19. a) 1x107m b) 68m Refraction p.34 2. a) normal b) Ec) B d) decreases e) increases

Revision Help Sheet—National 4


Success criteria1 Wave Properties

1.1I can describe the differences between longitudinal andtransverse waves

1.2 I can state the definitions of frequency, wavelength, amplitudeand wave speed

1.3 I can identify wavelength and amplitude of transverse waves

1.4 I can do calculations using1.5 I can do calculations using d = v t, v = f λ

2 Sound2.1

I can analyse sound waveforms including changing amplitude andfrequency

2.2 I can describe an experiment to measure the speed of sound in air

2.3 I can state what the decibel scale is measuring2.4 I can describe methods of protecting human hearing2.5 I can describe applications of sonar and ultrasound3 Electromagnetic spectrum

3.1 I can give examples of detectors, applications and hazards foreach of the seven bands of the electromagnetic spectrum

4 Refraction4.1

I can describe refraction in terms of change of direction wherethe angle of incidence if greater than 0 degrees.

Revision Help Sheet—National 5


Success criteria1 Wave Properties

1.1 I can state that energy can be transferred as waves.

1.2I can state the definitions of frequency, period, wavelength,amplitude and wave speed.

1.3 I can state the difference between a transverse and a longitudinalwave and give examples of these.

1.4 I can determine the frequency, period, wavelength, amplitude andwave speed for transverse and longitudinal waves.

1.5I can do calculations involving d = v t, v = f λ , and .

2 Diffraction2.1 I can describe what is meant by diffraction.

2.2I can describe the differences between long wave and short wavediffraction and apply these to complete diagrams and explain differences in radio and television reception.

3 Electromagnetic spectrum3.1

I can state the names of the seven bands of the electromagneticspectrum and put them in order of frequency and wavelength.

3.2 I can give an example of a typical source, detector and applicationfor each of the seven bands of the electromagnetic spectrum.

3.3 I can state how the energy associated with a form of radiation islinked to its frequency.

3.4 I can state the speed at which all radiations in theelectromagnetic spectrum travel

4 Light4.1

I can state that refraction occurs when waves pass from onemedium to another

4.2I can describe refraction in terms of change of wave speed,change in wavelength and change of direction for waves passing into both a more dense and a less dense medium

4.3 I can identify the normal, incident ray, refracted ray, angle ofincidence and angle of refraction on a diagram.

Documents

smarshallsay.weebly.com€¦ · Web viewA television signal is sent in the same way as a radio signal. To broadcast a television programme two radio carrier waves are needed. One