final exam review

Multiple ChoiceIdentify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. During El Niño, trade winds that blow east to west weaken and sometimes ____.a. Stop c. speed upb. reverse d. rise

____ 2. During an El Niño, such as the one shown in the picture, what happens to the weather on the western coast of South America?

a. It is cooler and wetter than normal. c. It is warmer and drier than normal.b. It is cooler and drier than normal. d. It is warmer and wetter than normal.

____ 3. Which area has not seen a decrease in precipitation as a result of recent climate change?a. southern Africa c. parts of North Americab. the Mediterranean d. southern Asia

____ 4. Why is it difficult to test the accuracy of global climate models (GCMs)?a. GCMs predict too many things, such as temperature, windiness and precipitation.b. GCMs are developed using mathematics and physics.c. GCMs are just guesses.d. GCMs predict conditions many decades in the future.

____ 5. When a rubber band is stretched, it has _____ energy.a. potential c. chemicalb. kinetic d. nuclear

____ 6. A green plant has _____ energy.a. electrical c. chemicalb. kinetic d. thermal

____ 7. As a sled slides down a hill, the sum of the potential energy and the kinetic energy of the sled _____.a. will decrease c. remains the sameb. will increase d. cannot be determined

____ 8. A puck slides along an icy surface. What makes it slow down?a. It runs out of push. c. It runs out of electricity.b. It rubs against the ice. d. It becomes too heavy.

____ 9. Which of the following is an example of trying to increase friction?a. Squirting oil into door hinges.b. Spreading grit on icy roads.c. Waxing the underneath sides of skis.d. Adding graphite to toy car axles.

____ 10. When you watch television, the show is produced somewhere else, but you can watch it at home. This is an example of using which type of energy?a. chemical energy c. radiant energyb. electric energy d. thermal energy

____ 11. If you say an object is hot, you are saying that it contains _____.a. kinetic energy c. potential energyb. thermal energy d. chemical energy

____ 12. When a pot of water is put on a stove, the water at the top gets hot primarily by ____.a. radiation c. convectionb. conduction d. condensation

____ 13. Knowing an object’s position requires which of the following?a. Speed c. displacementb. Time d. reference point

____ 14. Velocity is changing if the speed changes or if which of the following changes?a. position c. timeb. direction d. motion

____ 15. Which of the following is NOT true of gravitational force?a. noncontact c. depends on speedb. depends on mass d. depends on distance

____ 16. If you push on a wall with a force of 30 N, the force acting on you is which of the following?a. 0 N c. 20 Nb. 10 N d. 30 N

____ 17. Speed is the rate of change in ____.a. velocity c. directionb. Time d. distance

____ 18. Forces that are equal in size but opposite in direction are ____.a. balanced forces c. inertial forcesb. frictional forces d. net forces

____ 19. The relationship among force, mass, and acceleration is stated in ____.a. the law of conservation of momentum c. Newton's second law of motionb. Newton's first law of motion d. Newton's third law of motion

____ 20. The statement "for every action, there is an equal but opposite reaction" is a statement of ____.a. the law of conservation of momentum c. Newton's second lawb. Newton's first law d. Newton's third law

____ 21. Two horses mate and produce a foal. This is an example of _____.a. growth c. homeostasisb. development d. reproduction

Use this table to answer the following questions.

____ 22. Human beings belong in the which of the following Kingdoms?a. Protista c. Plantaeb. Fungi d. Animalia

____ 23. How many times does a compound light microscope with an ocular lens of 14 and an objective lens of 24 magnify objects?a. 38 c. 2b. 10 d. 336

____ 24. The total magnification of the image in a compound microscope is equal to the magnifications of the ocular lens and the objective lens ______ .a. added together c. multiplied together b. subtracted d. divided

____ 25. Electrons are found where?a. outside cells c. outside atomsb. inside cells d. inside atoms

____ 26. In a ______ electron microscope, electrons actually pass through the object being viewed.a. scanning c. compoundb. transmission d. passing

____ 27. What type of field guide would be the easiest and most efficient to use?a. encyclopedia with phylum names onlyb. dichotomous keyc. Aristotle systemd. encyclopedia with species names only

____ 28. Which is NOT a function of a dichotomous key?a. avoid errors in communicationb. organisms with similar evolutionary histories are classified togetherc. give descriptive informationd. more difficult to find and identify species

____ 29. Scientific names of organisms consist of ____.a. genus and specific name c. family and genusb. order and family d. class and order

____ 30. Of the following, which would NOT be grouped with the others?a. blue jeans c. sweat pantsb. Shorts d. sweatshirt

____ 31. If you know an insect is a butterfly but don't know its scientific name, it would be best to use a(n) ____ to find out.a. dictionary c. biology textbookb. encyclopedia d. dichotomous key

____ 32. Which letter best represents where nucleic acids would be found?

a. A c. Cb. B d. D

____ 33. What percent of human cells is made up of macromolecules that provide energy?

a. 11% c. 25%b. 15% d. 74%

____ 34. Which two macromolecules offer energy storage to the cell?a. lipids and nucleic acids c. nucleic acids and proteinsb. proteins and carbohydrates d. lipids and carbohydrates

____ 35. What is the main difference between a prokarotic cell and an eukarotic cell?a. Only prokarotic cells have vacuoles.b. Eukaryotic cells are smaller than prokaryotic cells.c. Prokaryotic cells have many organelles, each with their own specialized functions.d. Only eukaryotic cells have its genetic material surrounded by a membrane.

____ 36. Which substance is broken down during glycolysis?a. glucose c. cytoplasmb. carbon dioxide d. water

____ 37. Which substance is released as a waste product during photosynthesis?a. glucose c. cytoplasmb. carbon dioxide d. oxygen

____ 38. The process that releases energy without using oxygen is ____.a. photosynthesis c. osmosisb. respiration d. fermentation

____ 39. Diagram A is an example of ____.a. diffusion c. osmosisb. active transport d. equilibrium

____ 40. Which choice is NOT a process of the cell cycle?a. growth c. developmentb. division d. death

____ 41. If a cell has 18 chromatids, how many duplicated chromosomes does it have?a. 18 c. 36b. 9 d. 6

____ 42. Which of the following occurs during telophase?a. The chromosomes line up in the center of the cell.b. The sister chromatids separate.c. Two new identical nuclei are formed. d. The nucleolus disappears and the nuclear membrane breaks down.

____ 43. Which type of cell divides by the cell membrane pinching together until the two cells split apart?a. animal c. mineralb. plant d. chromosomal

____ 44. Which of the following is NOT a result of cell division?a. reproduction c. nutritionb. growth d. repair

____ 45. What are the two major organ systems of plants?a. the shoot system and the flower systemb. the shoot system and the root systemc. the flower system and the root systemd. the flower system and the leaf system

____ 46. The following are parts of the lymphatic system. Which is NOT responsible for making white blood cells?

a. bone marrow c. spleenb. lymph nodes d. thymus

____ 47. Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?a. remove excess fluid around organs c. absorb and transport fatsb. produce white blood cells d. transport oxygen to organs

____ 48. When exercising, your body uses stored _____.a. glucose c. energyb. water d. sweat

____ 49. Food enters the human body through the _____ and leaves through the _____.a. mouth, esophagus c. mouth, intestinesb. mouth, rectum d. lungs, liver

____ 50. Which of the following is the waste that the liver produces?a. urine c. ureab. carbon dioxide d. water

CompletionComplete each statement.

1. Examining the graph, we see that the longest period with nearly no change in the air temperature is the ten year period from _______________ to _______________.

2. The kinetic energy of an object depends on its ____________________ and its ____________________.

3. The law of conservation of energy states that energy can be neither created nor destroyed, but it can change its ____________________.

4. In the winter, rooms are often hotter near the ceiling than on the floor because hot air is ______________________________ than cold air.

5. Most of the heat provided by the fireplace in room C goes up the chimney and is therefore transferred by ____________________.

6. Room A, the heat from the pot on the stove moves to the pot's handle by ____________________.

7. In order to describe a car’s motion, you need two pieces of information. They are _______________ and _______________.

8. Multicellular organisms have a greater level of organization because _______________ function together.

9. Living things with more than one cell develop ____________________ functions.

10. To count the number of legs on a flea, Doug used a(n) ______________________.

11. A two-word name used to classify living things is ____________________.

12. The ability to remain stable is called ____________________.

13. The smallest units of life are known as ____________________.

14. The reaction of an organism to a stimulus is called a ____________________.

15. In the animal cell shown, structure E is the ____________________.

16. One property of a molecule that determines whether it will pass through a semipermeable membrane is ____________________.

17. Mitosis is defined as division of a(n) ____________________.

18. Looking in a microscope at a cell, Thomas sees what looks like a plate of spaghetti. He is seeing a cell in ___________ .

19. Josiah looks in a microscope and sees the chromosomes lining up as shown below. He confirms his lab partner’s statement that the cell is in the ____________ stage of mitosis.

20. Digestion begins in the mouth with chewing and ________________ beginning to break down food.

Matching

Match each event or object with the correct example.a. electric f. thermalb. mechanical g. depositionc. nuclear h. conductiond. radiant i. sublimatione. sound

____ 1. weight lifted above your head

____ 2. bee buzzing

____ 3. cell phone battery

____ 4. piston in an engine

____ 5. radio waves

____ 6. atom splitting

____ 7. rubbing hands together to warm them

____ 8. sunlight

____ 9. television

____ 10. uranium power plant

____ 11. yell or scream

____ 12. Snow is formed by water vapor turning directly into ice.

____ 13. You burned your fingers when you touched a hot pan.

____ 14. Wet cloth can be hung in freezing weather and dries because the water becomes water vapor.

Match each of these statements to the type of stimulus it represents.a. internal stimuli b. external stimuli

____ 15. You have a stomach ache and decide to lay down.

____ 16. A bird is thirsty and drinks some water.

____ 17. A squirrel sees a cat and runs up a tree.

____ 18. A lion gets hungry and eats a gazelle.

____ 19. You see a spider and run away.

____ 20. A lizard is cold so it moves into the Sun.

____ 21. You are cold so you put on a jacket.

____ 22. You are hungry so you eat some food.

Match each term with the correct description below.a. cell membrane e. Golgi bodies

b. vacuoles f. mitochondriac. cytoplasm g. nucleusd. cell wall h. organelles

____ 23. organelles that store food, water, and waste material

____ 24. protective layer around all cells

____ 25. where the energy in food is stored until it is released

____ 26. protects the cells of plants

____ 27. flattened membranes that package proteins

____ 28. gelatinlike material inside cell membrane

____ 29. structures within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells

____ 30. directs all the activities of the cell