B1.9 Active transport① REVISE Collins Trilogy pg.22-23

Oxford Biology 3rd pg.20-21

Grade 4 Grade 6 Grade 8

B1.9 Active transport

I can define active transport as the movement of a substance against a concentration gradient using energy.

I can explain why active transport is important for living organisms.

I can describe how active transport takes place.

I can identify where active transport takes place.

I can explain the differences between diffusion, osmosis, and active transport.

I can suggest how a cell that carries out active transport is adapted to this function.

1.3.3 Active transport moves substances from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution (against a concentration gradient). This requires energy from respiration.Active transport allows mineral ions to be absorbed into plant root hairs from very dilute solutions in the soil. Plants require ions for healthy growth.It also allows sugar molecules to be absorbed from lower concentrations in the gut into the blood which has a higher sugar concentration. Sugar molecules are used for cell respiration.

1) Match up the keyword with its definitionCarrier protein Water that has a substance dissolved in it

Solution A protein in the cell membrane that transports substances

Concentration gradient A difference in concentration eg between the inside and outside of a cell

2) Name where these examples of diffusion take place

1) Cell membrane2) Energy3) Carrier protein4) Substance taken in by cell5) High Concentration6) Low Concentration

3) What substances are taken in by the roots by active transport? …………………………………………...4) Where is sugar absorbed by active transport? ……………………………………………

5) Complete this table (the first one has been done for you

Diffusion Osmosis Active transport

Down a concentration gradient ✓

Against a concentration gradient ✗

Energy needed ✗

Substance moved Dissolved solutes Dissolved solutes

NotesGases and dissolved gases also diffuse

Partially permeable membrane needed Carrier protein needed

TEST YOURSELF ②

Grade 3 What is active transport? ……………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………..Describe an example of active transport in the roots of a plant……………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………..Describe an example of active transport in the gut of an animal……………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………….

Grade 6 Explain the difference between Active transport and Diffusion. (Make sure you mention a) the direction that particles move b) the role of carrier proteins c) the presence of a membrane d) the need for a source of energy……………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………

Grade 8 Describe what is happening in the diagram to the right. ……………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………….………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………….……………….……………………

Explain why a root hair cell has a large surface area and many mitochondria but no chloroplasts.……………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………….………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………….……………….…………………………………………...…………………………………...