Citation:

5 Weed control by physical means. 1968. Pages 69-85. Chapter 5. In: Charles E Palm (editor). Weed Control, Principles of plant and animal pest control. Volume 2. National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences, Washington DC, 471 pages.

Keywords: weed characteristics considered in physical control, growth habit and life-span, habitat and environment, classification and principles of physical control methods, tillage control methods, manual methods, machine tillage, functions of tillage, factors influencing frequency and effectiveness, weed growth habits influencing control practices, tillage machinery, mowing and cutting, flooding, dredging, and chaining, use of heat, smothering weeds with nonliving materials