Web standards-presentation-21092009

Web standards

Why?

Who sets them?

How is it set?

What to care for?

MMM – 21.09.2009

World's 3 tallest buildings

The Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat, is the organization that determines

the title of the "World’s Tallest Building”

According to this council, the current 3 tallest building are :

1. Burj Dubai, a skyscraper under construction in Dubai that reached 818 m (2,684

ft) in height on 17 January 2009.

2. Willis Tower, formerly named Sears Tower, is a 108-story skyscraper in Chicago.

3. Taipei 101 is a landmark skyscraper located in Xinyi District, Taipei, Taiwan. The

building contains 101 floors above ground and 5 floors underground.

Summary:

Category Structure Country city height

Skyscraper Burj Dubai UAE Dubai 818m

Skyscraper Willis Tower USA Chicago 527m

Skyscraper Taipei 101 Taiwan Taipei 509m

A text document

WHY?

World's 3 tallest buildings

The Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat, is the

organization that determines the title of the "World’s Tallest

Building”


1. Burj Dubai, a skyscraper under construction in Dubai that

reached 818 m (2,684 ft) in height on 17 January 2009.

2. Willis Tower, formerly named Sears Tower, is a 108-story

skyscraper in Chicago.

3. Taipei 101 is a landmark skyscraper located in Xinyi District,

Taipei, Taiwan. The building contains 101 floors above ground and

5 floors underground.

Summary:





An annotated text documentTitle of the document

Paragraph

The Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat, is the

organization that determines the title of the "World’s Tallest

Building”


1. Burj Dubai, a skyscraper under construction in Dubai that

reached 818 m (2,684 ft) in height on 17 January 2009.

2. Willis Tower, formerly named Sears Tower, is a 108-story

skyscraper in Chicago.

3. Taipei 101 is a landmark skyscraper located in Xinyi District,

Taipei, Taiwan. The building contains 101 floors above ground and

5 floors underground.

Summary:





Hyperlink to their website

Subheading

List items

Subheading

Table

Insert picture

WHY?

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-

transitional.dtd">

<html>

<body>

<h1>World's top 3 tallest buildings</h1>

<p>The <a href=“http://www.ctbuh.org/”>Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat</a>, is the organization that determines the title of the "World’s Tallest Building” </p>

<h2>According to this council, the current 3 tallest building are : </h2>

<ul><li><img src=“burj.jpg” alt=“Burj Dubai” /></li><li><img src=“willis.jpg” alt=“Willis Tower” /> </li><li> <img src=“taipei.jpg” alt=“Taipei 101”/></li>

</ul>

<h3>Summary:</h3>

<table><tr><th>Category</th><th>Structure</th><th>Country</th> <th>city</th><th>height</th></tr><tr><td>Skyscraper</td><td>Burj Dubai</td><td>UAE</td><td>Dubai</td><td>818m</td></tr><tr><td>Skyscraper</td><td>Willis Tower</td><td>USA</td><td>Chicago</td><td>527m<td></tr><tr><td>Skyscraper</td><td>Taipei 101</td><td>Taiwan</td><td>Taipei</td><td>509m</td></tr>

</table>

</body>

</html>

A Hypertext document ( tagged document )

WHY?

Html page

WHY?

Html + CSS page

WHY?

Html + CSS + Javascript page

WHY?

WHY?

World Wide Web (WWW)

Image src: http://www.bytelevel.com/map/images/map_www_large.jpg

WWW (web) is an application built on top of internet

WHY?

WWW (web) is an application built on top of internet. This application creates a system of interlinked hypertext documents.

World Wide Web (WWW)

WHY?

WHY?

WHY?

Web standards: A general term for the formal standards and other technical specifications that define and describe aspects of the World Wide Web.

Web standards, in the broader sense, consist of the following:

* Recommendations published by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)* Internet standard (STD) documents published by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)* Request for Comments (RFC) documents published by the Internet Engineering Task Force * Standards published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO)* Standards published by Ecma International (formerly ECMA) * The Unicode Standard and various Unicode Technical Reports (UTRs) published by the Unicode Consortium* Name and number registries maintained by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)

Who sets them?

Who sets them?

WCAG 1,2 (A, AA, AAA)Publishes Web Accessibility Recommendations

W3C- Web Accessibility Initiative (W3C-WAI)

StandardsWhat it doesWho

Domain Names and IP addresses

UTF ( Multilingual character set)

ECMAScript, C#

ISO-8859-1 ( Latin 1), 2 Letter Country Code, CD-ROM file system, C, SQL, MPEG, JPEG, PDF, PNG

HTTP, MIME, URI, FTP, POP3, SMTP, TCP/IP

HTML, CSS, DOM, XHTML, XML

Maintains Names and Numbers registriesInternet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)

Unicode standardUnicode consortium

Javascript standardsECMA International

ISO standardsInternational Organisation for Standardisation (ISO)

Publishes Internet Standards Documents & RFC

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)

Publishes Recommendations (eq. to published standards )

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)

Who sets them?

How is it set?

Web standards considerations

Web standards are created, maintained and revised with 3 main considerations:

Interoperability

Usability

Accessibility

What I am transmitting, the other should be able to receive it and what I mean, the other should be able to understand it. Eg. .html file, html tags

Accessibility in general means something should be accessible, to as many people as possible.In Web terms it has come to be understood as, to be accessible by people with limited abilities.

Usability usually refers to the elegance and clarity with which the interaction with a computer program or a web site is designed. Simply said how easily can the visitor find the information.

How is it set?

Standard Maturation

WD

- First form- Publically available

- Anybody can comment

CR

- Feedback from implementers

PR

- submitted to the W3C Advisory Council

REC

- Endorsed by W3C as a standard for wide deployment

W3CRecommendation

Proposed Recommendation

CandidateRecommendation

WorkingDraft

Each recommendation passes through these maturity levels

A W3C recommensation is the equivalent of a published standard in many other industries. It signifies that the document has been subjected to a public and W3C-member organisation's review. Each recommendatoin's aim is to standardise the Web technology.

Standard

How is it set?

Current Web Standards

Interoperability Accessibility

HTML 4.1

CSS 2

CSS 3

W3C REC 24 December 1999

Working Draft 25 August 2009

HTML 5

W3C REC 12-May-1998

revised 11 April 2008

CSS 2.1W3C Candidate

Recommendation 23 April 2009

Working Draft

XHTML 1.0W3C REC 26 January 2000,

revised 1 August 2002

W3C REC 31 May 2001

XHTML 1.1

W3C REC 26 November 2008

XML 1.0 (5th ed)

DOM 2W3C REC 13 November 2000

DOM 3W3C REC 07 April 2004

ECMAScript 3Dec 1999

ECMAScript (262) 5Candidate Recommendation, End 2009

WCAG 2.0W3C Recommendation 11 December 2008

WCAG 1.0W3C Recommendation 5 May 1999

UsabilityISO 9241

Working drafts

What to care for?

WCAG 2.0W3C Recommendation 11 December 2008

3 Levels of compliance

Level - A

Level - AA

Level - AAA

http://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG20/quickref/Overview.php

Note 2: It is not recommended that Level AAA conformance be required as a general policy for entire sites because it is not possible to satisfy all Level AAA Success Criteria for some content.

4 Principles of AccessibilityPerceivable : it can't be invisible to all of their sensesOperable : the interface cannot require interaction that a user cannot performUnderstandable: the content or operation cannot be beyond their understandingRobust: as technologies and user agents evolve, the content should remain accessible

What to care for?

What to care for?

Where does it all come together?

Graded Browser Support

- Different users will get a different view

Based on Progressive Enhancement

Graceful degradation?

A,C, X grades

:First build for the latest and greatest or the popular and then add handlers for less capable devices , ( visual approach )

:Begin with the basic version, then add enhancements for those who can handle them. CSS, sIFR, Ajax, UO js

What to care for?

Thanks

What to care for?