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Web-Enabled Photovoltaic System Monitor. Art Barnes Austin Fisher Ryan Mann Josh Stone. Mission Statement. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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PV WatchdogWeb-Enabled Photovoltaic System Monitor
Art Barnes
Austin Fisher
Ryan Mann
Josh Stone
PV WatchdogMission Statement
•To construct a photovoltaic monitor that is affordable for small photovoltaic installations. It will be capable of uploading system information to the web. The purpose of the system is to further awareness, aid in implementation and function as a diagnostic utility.
PV WatchdogBaseline vs. Desired functionality
Above the Line• Read from serial port and download code from serial• Sensor electronics integrated into module• Download new OS• Modem Communication
THE LINE!!
Below the Line• Download code from the web page• Ethernet Communication• Event Logging
PV WatchdogParts and Software Requirements
Hardware– Microcontroller– External Components– Sensors
PC Software– Monitor serial port to read bytes and write to data file– Format data file into web page– Upload OS and or configuration data via serial port
PV Monitor Software– Read sensor information through A/D– Pre-process data– Send data readings over serial– Monitor serial port for updates from server
PV WatchdogBlock Diagram
System Bus ADDR[16] DATA[8]
68HC11
Xilinx 4005E
ROMRAM
A/DConverter
LCD Keypad/LEDs
Module Backplane
SensorModule
SensorModule
UART
SPI
MUX
CS CS CS, OE, W E CS, OE
EN
ENCS CS
EN
DIPSettings
DIPSettings
SensorOutput
SensorOutput
OEW E
SensorOutput
PV WatchdogHardware : Micro-controller : Why 68HC11E
Why Motorola 68HC11E
– low power consumption (sleep mode)
– wake on interrupt
– watchdog timer– ease of
availability and price
– DIP package for mounting ease
– Built-in SPI interface
– Built-in RAM/EPROM
System Bus ADDR[16] DATA[8]
68HC11
Xilinx 4005E
RO MRAM
A/DConverter
LCD Keypad/LEDs
Module Backplane
SensorModule
SensorModule
UART
SPI
MUX
CS CS CS, O E, W E CS, O E
EN
ENCS CS
EN
DIPSettings
DIPSettings
SensorOutput
SensorOutput
OEW E
SensorOutput
PV WatchdogHardware : Micro-controller : Features/Limitations
Features/Limitations– Low order address lines
and data lines are multiplexed, requiring external latches
– Must use wait mode with higher current drain in order to use internal timers to wake up
– 8-bit resolution offered by internal A/D is insufficient, requiring external A/D
– SPI interface specifies Enable pin, but selection logic is not included, requiring an FPGA
PV WatchdogHardware : Memory
•0000 – 01FF Internal RAM
•0200 – 03FF Sensor Config.
•1000 – 103F Register Block
•6000 – 7FFF External RAM
•8000 – FFFF External EPROM
•B600 – 87FF Internal EEPROM ExternalEPROM
InternalEEPROM
SensorConfiguration
0000
200
3FF
6000
7FFF8000
FFFF
External RAM
0000
01FF
InternalRAM
1000
103F
RegisterB lock
B 600
B 7FF
FFC0
FFFF
InterruptVectors
PV WatchdogHardware : FPGA
Xilinx 4005E takes care of ‘chip selects’ and ‘enables’
System Bus ADDR[16] DATA[8]
68HC11
Xilinx 4005E
ROMRAM
A/DConverter
LCD Keypad/LEDs
Module Backplane
SensorModule
SensorModule
UART
SPI
MUX
CS CS CS, OE, W E CS, OE
EN
ENCS CS
EN
DIPSettings
DIPSettings
SensorOutput
SensorOutput
OEW E
SensorOutput
PV WatchdogHardware : FPGA
FPGA uses simple combinational logic to perform bus
selection based on address lines
PV WatchdogHardware : FPGA
PV WatchdogHardware : A/D Converter and Multiplexer
Use 12-bit single channel A/D converter 16 inputs are selected using a 16-1 analog multiplexer Converter talks with microcontroller over the SPI
interface Converter has low power consumption when not
enabledSystem Bus ADDR[16] DATA[8]
68HC11
Xilinx 4005E
ROMRAM
A/DConverter
LCD Keypad/LEDs
Module Backplane
SensorModule
SensorModule
UART
SPI
MUX
CS CS CS, OE, W E CS, OE
EN
ENCS CS
EN
DIPSettings
DIPSettings
SensorOutput
SensorOutput
OEW E
SensorOutput
PV WatchdogHardware : A/D Converter and Multiplexer
AnalogMultiplexer
A3
A2
A1
A0
SensorSignals
A/DConverter
PV WatchdogHardware : Board Schematic
PV WatchdogHardware : Sensors
Sensors encapsulated into modular package
– Analog level conversion and impedance matchingcircuitry
– Sensor type and configuration set using on-board DIP switches
System Bus ADDR[16] DATA[8]
68HC11
Xilinx 4005E
ROMRAM
A/DConverter
LCD Keypad/LEDs
Module Backplane
SensorModule
SensorModule
UART
SPI
MUX
CS CS CS, OE, W E CS, OE
EN
ENCS CS
EN
DIPSettings
DIPSettings
SensorOutput
SensorOutput
OEW E
SensorOutput
Sensor Types– Insolation Sensor– DC Voltage Sensor– DC Current Sensors– Temperature Sensors– AC Voltage Sensor– AC Current Sensor
PV WatchdogHardware : Sensors : Sensor Module
Consists of setting switch logic and analog conversion circuitry
Analog circuitry is specific to the type of sensor the module is intended to be used for
Sensor
Sensor connection:power, ground,analog output (sensorspecific)
D IPswitchsettingsto databus
ENablefromXilinx4005E
ScaledAnalogOut
Config Switchesand Logic
AnalogConversion
C ircuitry
S e ns o r B lo c k D iag ram
Sensor ScaleSettings
PV WatchdogHardware : Sensors : Sensor Module Settings
B uffe r
S IP P u ll-U p E NTo X ilinx
4005E fo rC h ip S e l
D ataB us
V +
D IP S w itches
M odule C onfiguration Use DIP switches
on the sensor module to identify sensor type and port number of temperature compensation module
Enable pin of Buffer is used for chip select, connected to Xilinx 4005E chip select logic
PV WatchdogModem Communication
Still want to add this feature Optional to system functionality
PV Monitoring
System
Modem
PV WatchdogSoftware : Monitor OS
S y s te mD ia g n o s tic s
B o o t U p
S e n s o rC a lib r a tio n
D ataP ro c e s s ing
T rans m it toS e rve r
S le e p
D ataC o lle c tio n
R e m o teC o n fig u r a tio n
PV WatchdogSoftware : Host PC
Master Control Program (MCP) polls the serial port and writes the bytes read to a data file
MCP can send email to administrator if it detects erroneous readings
MCP can log errors for diagnostic purposes MCP can wake up PV Monitor from sleep through the
68HC11’s interrupt-on-serial capability to change settings via serial port
PV WatchdogSoftware : Webpage
Simple, easy to read table layout
PV System MonitorCurrent Statistics
Panel Voltage (V)
Panel Temp(degrees C)
Panel Current (A)
Power Supplied(W)
Battery Voltage(V)
123.45 123.45 123.45 123.45 123.45
123.45 123.45 123.45 123.45 123.45
123.45 123.45 123.45 123.45 123.45
Display One HourHistory
Display 24 HourHistory
Display One WeekHistory
Display One MonthHistory
PV WatchdogParts Listing
Motorola 68HC11E1 Current Sensors (CSLA2CD)
Discrete Components
Xilinx 4005E Buffers (74HC241, 74HC245)
Plugs & Jacks
Discrete Logic (7400, 7414)
LCD Display Cabling
Sockets & Headers Clock (DOC-20CF) Switches/Buttons
2 EPROM (AM27C256) Temp. Sensors Enclosures
RAM (HM6264P) Indicator LEDs
A/D Converter (MAX189AEPA)
Insol. Sensor
(Si-04-T)
Analog Mux (DG406DJ) Latch (74BCT373)
UART (MAX3110ECNI) Power Bus
PV WatchdogParts Cost
•Xilinx FPGA $26.65•Maxim A / D $6.95•HC11 Microcontroller $5.12•Maxim UART/RS232 $4.73•Maxim Analog Mux $3.48•AMD 32k EPROM $3.44•8k RAM $3.42•Clock $1.21•Discrete Logic, < $1 each Buffers Latches•Sockets, etc… $40•Prototype board $35•LCD Display $25
Estimated Total $165
PV WatchdogCurrently….
What Works:
- Program can be burned onto EPROM and successfully run
What We Are Working On:
- The FPGA is indicating a frame fault as it receives chip select data from the second EPROM
We are currently in the debugging process
PV WatchdogSchedule : Milestones
Milestone 1: Nov 7– Load program via serial connection– Implement Sensors– Design sensor interfaces– Setup configuration data
Milestone 2: Nov 21– Implement Flash memory– Setup web interfaces– Be able to upload data to server
PV WatchdogSchedule : Comprehensive
PV WatchdogConclusion
Intentions before expo
- complete “above the line” items
- Provide full documentation on the project
- Provide easy to use, brief manual
- Prepare system for delivery to the sponsor