Web accessibility for Content Authors

The impact on disabled users...

Penny EverettAccessibility Consultant

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Introduction

Brief background

Auditing websites

Fix the web

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What do we mean by disability?The hidden disabilities…

Sight

Hearing

Mobility

UnderstandingSeizures

1 in 7 people in the UK have some form of disability

Organisations are required to be anticipatory

4Describe your experience when following these instructions...

Imagine your ‘good’ arm is in plaster.Using your non-dominant hand only - open the package. DO NOT USE YOUR MOUTH

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The Law Equality Act 2010 including the

Public Service Equality Duty (PSED)

Eliminate discrimination

Advance equality of opportunity

Carry out positive action measures

Procure suitable design for all users.

Note. It is not against the law to treat a disabled person more favourably.

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BS: 8878 Web Accessibility — Code of Practice A new standard for organisations

that provide a web service

16 Steps to help organisations to comply with the Equality Act 2010

Work towards inclusivity Nominate an Accessibility Champion Create relevant documentation Conduct AT and user testing Document any deviation.

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The Content Author/Editor’s role

Internet)

Intranet)

Extranet )

eLearning )

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Web Products

You are expected to make reasonable adjustments.

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Direct and Indirect Discrimination

Direct discrimination would be a statement such as blind or deaf students will not be able to benefit from the video.

Indirect discrimination would be not supplying a transcript, or caption, for the video.

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12 W3C Guidelines (WCAG 2.0) P = Perceivable

Content available to the sensessight, hearing (and/or touch)

O = OperableInterface: navigation, forms, controls

U = UnderstandableContent and interface

R = RobustReliable: AT and common browsers

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Future proofed

Level 1 - Single (A)25 Success Criteria

Level 2 - Double (AA)13 Success Criteria

Level 3 - Triple (AAA)23 Success Criteria

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Use “personas”

A user may have multiple disabilities.

Anticipate disabled users

10Photographs of personas by courtesy of Graur Razvan Ionut, Yarm Jeroen van Oostrom, Maggie Smith, and Tina Phillips http://www.freedigitalphotos.net/

Linda BarbaraDawnHannahBernardJamesSimonPaulo

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Meaningful links

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Bernard – aged 28 Registered blind and uses a screen reader to read out the text to him.

Avoid Click here... More... Make sense out of context book

list Warn users before they open a

PDF/file add size Course Outline (pdf) 618 Kb

Same links go to same place Should not open in new window

without notice* Reith lecture (new window)* Setting a link to open in a new window will disorientate blind users.

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Images

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No images of text (unless logo etc)

Background v foreground contrast

good

Decorative given null alt=“” or from

CSS

Resolution no more than 72 dpi

Big files reduced before uploading.

Don’t forget the amazing book sale.

Don’t forget the amazing book sale 7-10 July.

Book Sale7-10 July

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Study spaces are available throughout the Library, some of which are available on a 'first come, first served' basis and others are bookable via LSEforYou by LSE students.

Image links Alternative text states destination

Alt = “library zone details”

Title text informs sighted users of link

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Library Zones

James aged 20

Needs a magnifier to view the screen.

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Alternative text for images

Brief descriptive alternative text

Words like “image/picture” not used

Complex images (charts etc) explained in text or additional web page/file.

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Target audience

Reading level aimed at target

audience

Plain English, no jargon/idioms

Tone appropriate – NO SHOUTING!

Consider

culture/religion/gender/age

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Dawn – aged 23

She is dyslexic and finds it easier if text has images and prefers a purple background when she uses her PC.

Ew evah tliub pu a thgis yralubacov fo ytfif dnasuoht sdrow – ton yb enoemos gnillet su ytfif dnasouht semit tahw a drow si, tub yb gnizisehtopyh eht ytitnedi fo wen sdrow taht ew teem ni tnirp dna gnitset taht ruo sesehtopyh ekam esnes ni eht txetnoc.

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EasyRead documents

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Pasting from Word Processor

WP formatting and code removed

Web formatting applied to headings, bullets and numbers

Embedded images in WP saved as

files.

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The following important details:

Title of the book

Name of the author

ISBN (if known)

The following important details:

· Title of the book

· Name of the author

· ISBN (if known)

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Tables Table given title within HTML

‘caption’ Make sense read cell x cell, left to

right Column row/headings are defined Summary is for blind - brief

explanation of data but add navigation details if complex.

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Headings

Use HTML formatting (h1) through to

(h6)

Only one main heading (h1) per page

Not chosen for ‘look’ but in order

Help to create bite-sized chunks of

text.

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Garden Birds

We can still expect to see quite a variety in the average urban garden.

RobinsThese delightful little birds are the most easily recognisable to visit us.

This article is all about the different birds that can be found in the average urban garden.Robins are the most easily recognisable of the birds to visit us.

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Colour not used to emphasise text

Stylesheet only used to colour

text.

Colour

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Colour not used to emphasise text

Stylesheet only used to colour

text.

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Good contrast

foreground/background Avoid colour dependency (colour-

blind).

Colour

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Paulo – aged 24 He is colour-blind.

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Video/Audio Foreground sound easily discernible Video/Audio have verbatim

transcript Transcript includes relevant

sound/cues Video includes captioning for deaf Scenario explained to blind.

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Seated mental health nurse looking sympathetic and holding hands of elderly gentleman. He says “I’m worried about the cost of care”.

Hanna – aged 20 hard of hearing but can hear if low background noise.Barb – aged 21 Born deaf and uses British sign language which is very different from written sentences.

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Keyboard only users Make sure that nothing you upload

creates a problem for keyboard only users

Navigation using: [Tab] arrow keys [Alt] [Enter]

Flash animations can be accessible but often are not

Content that is timed can be a problem for many users and is best avoided.

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Linda – aged 26

Has “Upper Limb Disorder” (aka RSI) and cannot use a mouse.

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Epileptics, Motor Impaired

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Simon – aged 31

Prone to seizures since he was 3 and has problems with fine movement.

Seizures

No flashes or lined patterns!

1. The Lord of the Rings, JRR Tolkien2. Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen3. His Dark Materials, Philip Pullman4. The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, Douglas Adams5. Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, JK Rowling6. To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee8. Nineteen Eighty-Four, George Orwell9. The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, CS Lewis10. Jane Eyre, Charlotte Brontë11. Catch-22, Joseph Heller12. Wuthering Heights, Emily Brontë13. Birdsong, Sebastian Faulks14. Rebecca, Daphne du Maurier15. The Catcher in the Rye, JD Salinger16. The Wind in the Willows, Kenneth Grahame17. Great Expectations, Charles Dickens18. Little Women, Louisa May Alcott19. Captain Corelli's Mandolin, Louis de Bernieres20. War and Peace, Leo Tolstoy21. Gone with the Wind, Margaret Mitchell22. Harry Potter And The Philosopher's Stone, JK Rowling23. Harry Potter And The Chamber Of Secrets, JK Rowling24. Harry Potter And The Prisoner Of Azkaban, JK Rowling25. The Hobbit, JRR Tolkien

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End of session

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Any questions?The Little Content

Book

by Penny Everett